\r蝼（音娄）蛄（音姑）\pd469.bmp\r
味咸，寒，无毒。主产难，出肉中刺，溃痈肿，下哽噎，解毒，除恶疮
。一名蟪蛄，一名天蝼，一名 （音斛）。生东城平泽，夜出者良，夏至取，曝干。
陶隐居云∶以自出者，其自腰以前甚涩，主止大小便。从腰以后甚利，主下大小便。若
出拔
刺，多用其脑。此物颇协神鬼，昔人狱中得其蟪力者。今人夜忽见出，多打杀之，言为鬼所
使也。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本注云∶《尔雅》曰∶ ，天蝼是也。《图经》云∶夏至取，今所
在有之。尔雅疏云∶一名硕鼠。《夏小正》三月云∶ 则鸣是也。日华子云∶冷，有毒。治
恶疮水肿，头面肿，入药炒用。
图经曰∶蝼蛄，生东城平泽，今处处有之。穴地粪壤中而生，夜则出求食，人夜行忽见
出，
多打杀之，言其为鬼所使也。夏至后取，曝干，以夜出者良。其自腰以前甚涩，主止大小便，
或云止小便。自腰以后甚利，主下大小便。若出拔刺，多用其脑，此一名 。《尔雅》云∶
，天蝼。《夏小正》篇云∶三月 则鸣是也。《广雅》云∶一名硕鼠，《易》晋如硕鼠。
孔颖达《正义》云∶有五能而不能成技之虫也。又引蔡邕《劝学篇》云∶硕鼠五能不成一技
术。注云∶能飞不能过屋；能缘不能穷木；能游不能度谷；能穴不能掩身；能走不能免人。
《荀子》云∶梧鼠五技而穷。并为此蝼蛄也。而《魏诗》硕鼠刺重敛。《传》注∶皆谓大鼠
。则《尔雅》所谓硕鼠，关西呼为 （音瞿）鼠者。陆机云∶今河东有大鼠，能人立，交见
两
脚于颈上，跳舞善鸣，食人禾苗，人逐则走木空中，亦有五技，或谓之雀鼠，其形大，然则
蝼蛄与此鼠二物而同名硕鼠者也。蝼蛄有技而穷，此鼠技不穷，故不同耳。蝼蛄又名梧鼠，
《本经》未见也。今方∶家治石淋导水，用蝼蛄七枚，盐二两，同于新瓦上铺盖焙干，研末
。温酒调一钱匕，服之即愈。
圣惠方∶治十种水病，肿满喘促不得卧。以蝼蛄五枚，干为末。食前汤调半钱匕至一钱，
小便通，效。外台秘要∶治鲠。蝼蛄脑一物吞，亦治刺不出，敷之刺即出。孙真人∶治箭镞
在咽
喉，胸膈及针刺不出。以蝼蛄捣取汁滴上，三、五度箭头自出。
衍义曰∶蝼蛄，此虫当立夏后，至夜则鸣，《月令》谓之蝼蝈鸣者是矣。其声如蚯蚓，
此乃
蝼蛄（音娄，音姑）
味咸，性寒，无毒。主治难产，取出肉中的刺，溃破痈肿，缓解噎膈，解毒，治疗恶疮。又名蟪蛄，又名天蝼，又名 （音斛）。生长在东城平原沼泽地带，夜间活动的品质较好，夏至日采集，晒干。陶隐居说：从身体自然脱落的部位中，腰部以前非常涩滞，主要作用是止住大小便；腰部以后非常通利，主要作用是通下大小便。如果要拔出刺，多用它的脑髓。这种虫子颇通神鬼之事，过去有人在监狱中得到过它的力量。现在人夜里忽然看见它出来，大多打杀它，说是被鬼神驱使。臣禹锡等人谨按蜀本注云：《尔雅》说： ，就是天蝼。《图经》说：夏至日采集，现在各地都有。《尔雅疏》说：又名硕鼠。《夏小正》三月说： 就鸣叫了。日华子说：性冷，有毒。治疗恶疮水肿，头面肿胀，入药需炒用。
《图经》说：蝼蛄，生长在东城平原沼泽，现在到处都有。在地下粪壤中打洞而生，夜间出来觅食，人们夜间行走忽然看见它出来，大多打杀它，说它是被鬼神驱使的。夏至后采集，晒干，以夜间出来的为好。它腰部以前非常涩滞，主要止住大小便，有人说只止小便。腰部以后非常通利，主要通下大小便。如果要拔出刺，多用它的脑髓，这又叫做 。《尔雅》说： ，是天蝼。《夏小正》篇说：三月 就鸣叫了。《广雅》说：又名硕鼠，《易经》中有“晋如硕鼠”。孔颖达《正义》说：是有五种技能却不能精通任何一项技术的虫子。又引用蔡邕《劝学篇》说：硕鼠有五种技能却成不了一门技术。注释说：能飞但不能飞过屋顶；能攀爬但不能穷尽树木；能游泳但不能渡过山谷；能打洞但不能完全掩藏身体；能跑但不能避开人类。《荀子》说：梧鼠有五种技能而陷入困境。都是指这种蝼蛄。而《魏诗》中的硕鼠讽刺重税。《传》注：都指大老鼠。那么《尔雅》所说的硕鼠，关西称为 （音瞿）鼠的。陆机说：现在河东有大老鼠，能像人一样站立，两只前脚交叉在颈上，跳舞善鸣，吃人的禾苗，人追逐它就跑到树空中，也有五种技能，有的叫雀鼠，形体较大，然而蝼蛄和这种老鼠两种动物同名硕鼠。蝼蛄有技能却困窘，这种老鼠技能不困窘，所以不同。蝼蛄又名梧鼠，《本经》未见记载。现在方剂：家治疗石淋导水，用蝼蛄七枚，盐二两，同放在新瓦上铺盖焙干，研成末。温酒调服一钱匕，服用后即愈。
圣惠方：治疗十种水病，肿胀喘促不能卧。用蝼蛄五枚，干燥研为末。饭前汤水调服半钱匕至一钱，小便通畅，有效。外台秘要：治疗噎膈。吞服蝼蛄脑一个，也治疗刺拔不出，敷之刺即出。孙真人：治疗箭头在咽喉、胸膈及针刺不出。将蝼蛄捣取汁滴在上面，三、五次箭头自出。
衍义说：蝼蛄，这种虫子应当立夏后，到夜间就鸣叫，《月令》称之为蝼蝈鸣叫的就是它。它的声音像蚯蚓，这乃是
*Locustella* (Lou Gu)
Salty, cold, non-toxic. Primarily treats difficult labor, extracts thorns from flesh, ulcerates carbuncles and swellings, relieves dysphagia, detoxifies, and treats malignant sores. Also known as *Huigu*, also known as *Tianlou*, also known as [Character missing/obscured] (Hu). Grows in the plains and marshes of Dongcheng; those active at night are superior. Collected on the Summer Solstice, dried in the sun. Tao Hongjing states: From the parts that detach naturally, the anterior half (from the waist forward) is very astringent, primarily stopping urination and defecation; the posterior half (from the waist backward) is very purgative, primarily promoting urination and defecation. If extracting thorns, its brain is mostly used. This insect is somewhat connected to spirits and ghosts; in the past, people obtained its power while in prison. Nowadays, if people see it emerging suddenly at night, they often beat it to death, claiming it is driven by ghosts or spirits. Ministers Yuxi et al. respectfully note according to the Shu edition commentary: The *Erya* states: [Character], this is *Tianlou*. The *Tujing* states: Collected on the Summer Solstice; now found everywhere. The *Erya Commentary* states: Also known as *Shushu* (large rat). The *Xia Xiaozheng* for March states: [Character] then sings. Rihua Zi states: Cold, toxic. Treats malignant sores and edema, swelling of the head and face; when used in medicine, it must be stir-fried.
The *Tujing* states: *Lougu* grows in the plains and marshes of Dongcheng and is now found everywhere. It lives by burrowing into earth and manure-rich soil, coming out at night to seek food. When people walking at night suddenly see it emerge, they often beat it to death, saying it is driven by ghosts. Collected after the Summer Solstice, dried in the sun; those emerging at night are preferred. Its anterior part (from the waist forward) is very astringent, primarily stopping urination and defecation; some say it only stops urination. Its posterior part (from the waist backward) is very purgative, primarily promoting urination and defecation. If extracting thorns, its brain is mostly used. This is also called [Character]. The *Erya* states: [Character], this is *Tianlou*. The *Xia Xiaozheng* chapter states: In March, [Character] then sings. The *Guangya* states: Also known as *Shushu*; the *I Ching* mentions "Advancing like a large rat." Kong Yingda's *Zhengyi* states: It is an insect with five abilities but cannot master any single skill. It further cites Cai Yong's *Quanxue Pian*: "The large rat has five abilities but forms no single technique." The annotation states: It can fly but not over a house; it can climb but not exhaust a tree; it can swim but not cross a valley; it can burrow but not fully conceal itself; it can run but not escape humans. The *Xunzi* states: The *Wushu* has five skills yet reaches a dead end. Both refer to this *Lougu*. However, the *Wei Shi* poem "Large Rat" satirizes heavy taxation. The *Commentary* annotation: All refer to large rats. Thus, the *Shushu* mentioned in the *Erya*, referred to in Guanzhong as [Character] (Qu) rat, is distinct. Lu Ji states: Now in Hedong there are large rats that can stand upright, cross their two front feet above their necks, dance and sing well, eat human grain seedlings, and when chased by humans, run into trees. They also have five skills, and are sometimes called *Queshu* (sparrow rat), being larger in form. Therefore, *Lougu* and this rat are two different animals sharing the name *Shushu*. *Lougu* has skills yet is limited; this rat's skills are not limited, hence they differ. *Lougu* is also named *Wushu*, which does not appear in the *Benjing*. Current prescriptions: For treating stone strangury and guiding water, use seven *Lougu* and two liang of salt, spread and covered on a new tile, baked dry, and ground into powder. Mix with warm wine and take one qianbi; recovery follows immediately.
*Shenghui Fang*: Treats ten types of water diseases, characterized by swelling, fullness, panting, and inability to lie down. Use five *Lougu*, dried and ground into powder. Take half to one qianbi mixed with decoction before meals; effective upon free urination. *Waitai Miyao*: Treats dysphagia/swallowing obstruction. Swallow one piece of *Lougu* brain; also treats embedded thorns that cannot be extracted; applying it causes the thorn to emerge. Sun Simiao: Treats arrowheads stuck in the throat, chest, diaphragm, or needles that cannot be removed. Crush *Lougu* to extract juice and drip onto the area; after three to five applications, the arrowhead emerges spontaneously.
*Yanyi* states: *Lougu*, this insect begins singing at night after the Start of Summer; this is what the *Yueling* refers to as the singing of *Louguo*. Its sound is like that of an earthworm, which is...