\r阿魏\pd185.bmp\r
味辛，平，无毒。主杀诸小虫，去臭气，破症积，下恶气，除邪鬼蛊毒。生西蕃及昆
仑。
唐本注云∶苗、叶、根、茎酷似白芷。捣根汁，日煎作饼者为上，截根穿曝干者为次。
体
性极臭而能止臭，亦为奇物也。（唐本先附）臣禹锡等谨按萧炳云∶今人日煎蒜白为假者，
真者
极臭，而去臭为奇物。今下细虫极效。段成式酉阳杂俎云∶阿魏出伽 国，即北天竺也。
伽 呼为形虞，亦出波斯国。波斯呼为阿虞。载树长八、九尺，皮色青黄。三月生叶，叶
形
似鼠耳。无花实。断其枝，汁出如饴，久乃坚凝，名阿魏。拂林国僧弯所说同。摩伽陀僧提
婆
言∶取其汁和米、豆屑合成阿魏。日华子云∶阿魏，热。治传尸，破症癖冷气，辟温治疟，
兼主霍乱，心腹痛，肾气，温瘴，御一切蕈菜毒。
图经曰∶阿魏，出西蕃及昆仑，今唯广州有之。旧说苗、叶、根极似白芷。捣根汁，日
煎作
饼
者为上，截根穿曝干者为次。今广州出者，云是木膏液滴酿结成。二说不同。谨按段成式
《
酉阳杂俎》云∶阿魏木，生波斯国，呼为阿虞。木长八、九尺，皮色青黄。三月生叶，似鼠
耳，无花实。断其枝，汁出如饴，久乃坚凝，名阿魏。或云∶取其汁和米、豆屑，合酿而成
乃与今广州所上相近耳。
海药云谨按《广志》云∶生石昆仑国。是木津液，如桃胶状。其色黑者不堪，其状黄散
者
为上。其味辛，温。善主于风邪鬼注，并心腹中冷，服饵。又云南长河中亦有阿魏，与舶上
来者滋味相似一般，只无黄色。雷公云∶凡使，多有讹伪。其有三验∶第一验，将半铢安于
熟
铜器中一宿，明沾阿魏处白如银，永无赤色。第二验，将一铢置于五斗草自然汁中一夜，至
明如鲜血色。第三验，将一铢安于柚树上，树立干便是真。凡使，先于净钵中研如粉了，于
热酒器上 过，任入药用。千金翼∶尸疰恶气，阿魏治之，神效。别说云谨按阿魏，《补
注图经》所说，合在木部，今二浙人家亦种，枝叶香气皆同而差淡薄，但无汁膏尔。
味辛，性平，无毒。主要功效是杀灭各种小虫，去除臭气，破除症积（腹内结块），下行恶气，祛除邪鬼蛊毒。产于西蕃及昆仑地区。
《唐本草》注解说：阿魏的苗、叶、根、茎与白芷非常相似。将根部捣碎取汁，经日晒煎煮制成饼状的是上品；截取根部穿孔后晒干的是次品。其质地气味极臭，却又能止臭，也是奇异之物。（此条为《唐本草》先附内容）臣禹锡等人谨按萧炳的说法：如今有人用日晒煎煮的蒜白作为假货，真正的阿魏气味极臭，但能去臭，堪称奇物。它对驱除细小虫子极为有效。段成式在《酉阳杂俎》中说：阿魏产自伽国，即北天竺。伽国称其为“形虞”，也产自波斯国。波斯人称其为“阿虞”。这种树高八、九尺，树皮颜色青黄。三月生叶，叶片形状像鼠耳。没有花和果实。折断树枝，流出汁液像饴糖一样，久置后凝固，称为阿魏。拂林国僧人弯所说的与此相同。摩伽陀僧人提婆说：取其汁液与米、豆屑混合合成阿魏。日华子说：阿魏，性热。治疗传尸劳（肺结核等慢性消耗性疾病），破除症癖冷气，辟除温病和治疗疟疾，兼治霍乱、心腹痛、肾气痛、温瘴，抵御一切菌类蔬菜中毒。
《图经》说：阿魏产于西蕃及昆仑，现在只有广州有。旧说认为其苗、叶、根极似白芷。捣根汁，日晒煎煮成饼的是上品，截取根部穿孔晒干的是次品。现在广州出产的，说是树木膏液滴落酿结而成。两种说法不同。谨按段成式《酉阳杂俎》所说：阿魏木，生于波斯国，称为阿虞。树高八、九尺，皮色青黄。三月生叶，像鼠耳，无花实。折断树枝，汁液流出如饴糖，久置凝固，名为阿魏。有人说：取其汁液与米、豆屑混合酿制而成，这与现在广州所进贡的相近。
《海药本草》谨按《广志》说：产于石昆仑国。这是树木的津液，像桃胶的样子。颜色黑的不可用，形状呈黄色散状的为上品。其味辛，性温。善于主治风邪鬼注（一种以精神恍惚、身体疼痛为特征的疾病），以及心腹中冷，服用。又云南长河中也有阿魏，与舶上来者滋味相似一般，只是没有黄色。雷公说：凡使用阿魏，多有讹误伪造。有三种验证方法：第一种验证，将半铢阿魏放在熟铜器中过夜，沾上阿魏的地方白如银，永远没有赤色。第二种验证，将一铢阿魏放在五斗草自然汁中一夜，到第二天早晨变成鲜血色。第三种验证，将一铢阿魏放在柚树上，树立干燥后便是真品。凡使用阿魏，先在净钵中研成粉末，然后在热酒器上过滤，任入药用。《千金翼方》说：尸疰恶气，阿魏治疗它，神效。别说云谨按阿魏，《补注图经》所说，应合在木部，现在二浙人家也种植，枝叶香气都相同但较淡薄，只是没有汁膏罢了。
Asafoetida (Asawei)
Pungent, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily used to kill various small insects, eliminate foul odors, break up accumulations of masses (zhengji), descend evil qi, and dispel evil spirits and gu poison. It originates from Xifan and Kunlun regions.
The *Tang Bencao* commentary states: The seedlings, leaves, roots, and stems are extremely similar to Angelica dahurica (Baizhi). The best quality is obtained by crushing the roots, extracting the juice, and sun-boiling it into cakes; the inferior quality is obtained by cutting the roots, perforating them, and drying them in the sun. Its substance has an extremely strong odor yet can stop odors, making it a wondrous substance. (This entry was originally attached in the *Tang Bencao*). Minister Yuxi et al. carefully followed Xiao Bing's statement: Nowadays, people use sun-dried and boiled garlic white as a fake; the genuine Asafoetida has an extremely strong odor but can eliminate odors, which is wondrous. It is extremely effective against driving away fine insects. Duan Chengshi in *Youyang Zazu* says: Asafoetida comes from Jiaguo, which is Northern Tianzhu (North India). Jiaguo calls it "Xingyu," and it also comes from Persia. Persia calls it "Ayuyu." This tree grows eight or nine chi tall, with greenish-yellow bark. Leaves emerge in March, shaped like mouse ears. It has no flowers or fruits. When branches are broken, the juice flows out like maltose syrup, hardening after a long time, named Asafoetida. The monk Wan from Fulin stated the same. The monk Tibo from Magadha said: Take its juice and mix it with rice and bean dregs to synthesize Asafoetida. Ri Huaizi stated: Asafoetida is hot in nature. It treats transmissive consumption diseases (chuan shi, e.g., tuberculosis), breaks up cold qi in zhengpi (masses), wards off warm pathogens and treats malaria, and additionally manages cholera, heart and abdominal pain, kidney qi disorders, warm miasma, and counters all mushroom and vegetable toxins.
The *Tu Jing* states: Asafoetida originates from Xifan and Kunlun, and currently only exists in Guangzhou. Old theories suggest its seedlings, leaves, and roots are extremely similar to Baizhi. Crushing root juice and sun-boiling into cakes is the superior grade; cutting roots, perforating, and drying is the secondary grade. Those produced in Guangzhou nowadays are said to be formed by dripping and fermenting tree resin. These two explanations differ. Carefully following Duan Chengshi's *Youyang Zazu*: Asafoetida trees grow in Persia, called Ayuyu. The trees are eight or nine chi tall, with greenish-yellow bark. Leaves appear in March, resembling mouse ears, without flowers or fruits. Breaking branches yields juice like syrup, which hardens over time, named Asafoetida. Some say: taking the juice and mixing it with rice and bean dregs for fermentation results in something close to what is presented from Guangzhou today.
The *Hai Yao Bencao*, carefully following *Guang Zhi*, states: It grows in Shikunlun country. It is the sap of the tree, resembling peach gum. Black-colored ones are unusable; yellow and scattered forms are superior. Its taste is pungent, and its nature is warm. It is particularly effective for treating wind-pathogen ghost zhu (a disease characterized by spiritual confusion and body pain), and coldness in the heart and abdomen during ingestion. Furthermore, there is also Asafoetida in the Changhe River in Yunnan, similar in taste to that imported by ships, except it lacks yellow color. Leigong stated: Whenever using Asafoetida, there are often errors and fakes. There are three verification methods: First verification, place half a zhu on a polished copper vessel overnight; the area touching the Asafoetida will turn white as silver, never red. Second verification, place one zhu in the natural juice of Wudou grass overnight; by morning, it turns the color of fresh blood. Third verification, place one zhu on a pomelo tree; if it stands upright and dries, it is genuine. Whenever using Asafoetida, first grind it into powder in a clean mortar, then pass it over a hot wine vessel, allowing it to enter medicinal use. *Qianjin Yi Fang*: For shizhu (corpse transmission) and evil qi, Asafoetida treats them with miraculous efficacy. Bieshuo Yun carefully follows: Regarding Asafoetida, the *Bu Zhu Tu Jing* places it in the Wood category. Now, households in Zhejiang also plant it; the leaves and branches have similar fragrance but are lighter, lacking only the resinous juice.