\r鬼臼\pd262.bmp\r
味辛，温、微温，有毒。主杀蛊毒，鬼疰精物，辟恶气不祥，逐邪，解百毒，疗咳嗽
喉结，风邪烦惑，失魄妄见，去目中肤翳，杀大毒，不入汤。一名爵犀，一名马目毒公，一
名九臼，一名天臼，一名解毒。生九真山谷及冤句。二月、八月采根。（畏垣衣。）
陶隐居曰∶鬼臼如射干，白而味甘，温，有毒。主风邪，鬼疰，蛊毒，九臼相连，有毛
者良
。
一名九臼，生山谷，八月采，阴干。又似钩吻。今马目毒公如黄精，根臼处似马眼而柔润。
鬼臼似射干、术辈，有两种∶出钱塘、近道者，味甘，上有丛毛，最胜。出会稽、吴兴者，
乃大，味苦，无丛毛，不如，略乃相似而乖异毒公。今方家多用鬼臼，少用毒公，不知此
复顿乐乖越也。唐本注云∶此药生深山岩石之阴。叶如蓖麻、重楼辈。生一茎，茎端一叶，
亦有两歧者。年长一茎，茎枯为一臼。假令生来二十年，则有二十臼，岂唯九臼耶？根肉皮
须并似射干，今俗用皆是射干。及江南别送一物，非真者。今荆州当阳县、硖州远安县、襄
州荆山县山中并有之，极难得也。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本图经云∶花生茎间，赤色。今出硖州
、
襄州深山，二月、八月采根，日干用之。药性论云∶鬼臼，使，味苦。能主尸疰， 劳疾
，传尸瘦疾，主辟邪气，逐鬼。
图经曰∶鬼臼，生九真山谷及冤句，今江宁府、滁、舒、商、齐、杭、襄、峡州、荆门
军亦
有
之，多生深山岩石之阴。叶似蓖麻、重楼辈。初生一茎，茎端一叶，亦有两歧者，年长一茎
，茎枯为一臼，二十年则二十臼也。花生茎间，赤色，三月开，后结实。根、肉、皮、须并
似射干，俗用皆是射干，当细别之。七月、八月采根，曝干用。古方治五尸，鬼疰，百毒，
恶
气方用之。一说鬼臼生深山阴地，叶六出或五出，如雁掌。茎端一叶如伞，盖旦时东向，及
暮则西倾，盖随日出没也。花红紫如荔枝，正在叶下，常为叶所蔽，未常见日。一年生一叶
，既枯则为一臼，及八、九年则八、九臼矣。然一年一臼生而一臼腐，盖陈新相易也，故俗
又名曰害母草。如芋魁、乌头辈亦然。新苗生则旧苗死，前年之魁腐矣。而本草注谓全似射
干，今射干体状虽相似，然臼形浅溥，大异鬼臼。鬼臼如八、九天南星侧比相叠，而色理正
如射干。要者，当使人求苗采之，市中不复有也。
味辛，性温或微温，有毒。主治杀蛊毒、鬼疰精物，辟除恶气不祥，驱逐邪气，解除百毒，治疗咳嗽、喉结肿痛（喉痹），风邪引起的烦闷惑乱，失魄妄见，去除眼中肤翳，杀灭大毒，但不宜入汤剂煎服。又名爵犀，又名马目毒公，又名九臼，又名天臼，又名解毒。产于九真山谷及冤句。二月、八月采集根部。（畏垣衣。）
陶隐居说：鬼臼形状像射干，白色且味甘，性温，有毒。主治风邪、鬼疰、蛊毒。九个臼相连的，品质优良。
又名九臼，生长在山谷中，八月采集，阴干。又有点像钩吻。现在的马目毒公像黄精，根部和臼处像马眼一样柔润。鬼臼像射干、白术之类，有两种：出产于钱塘、近道地区的，味甘，上面有丛毛，品质最好。出产于会稽、吴兴地区的，体积较大，味苦，没有丛毛，不如前者，虽然略微相似但毒性不同。现在方家多用鬼臼，少用毒公，不知道这又是多么大的差异啊。《唐本草》注云：此药生长在深山岩石的背阴处。叶子像蓖麻、重楼之类。生出一茎，茎端有一叶，也有分两歧的。每年长一茎，茎枯死便形成一个臼。假如生长了二十年，就有二十个臼，哪里只是九个臼呢？根的肉质、皮、须都类似射干，现在民间使用的都是射干。以及江南另外送来的另一种东西，不是真的。现在荆州当阳县、硖州远安县、襄州荆山县的山中都有，极难得到。臣禹锡等人谨按《蜀本图经》说：花生在茎之间，赤色。现在出产于硖州、襄州深山，二月、八月采集根部，晒干使用。《药性论》说：鬼臼，为使药，味苦。能主治尸疰、劳疾、传尸瘦疾，主治辟除邪气，驱逐鬼魅。
《图经》说：鬼臼，产于九真山谷及冤句，现在江宁府、滁、舒、商、齐、杭、襄、峡州、荆门军也有，多生长在深山岩石的背阴处。叶子像蓖麻、重楼之类。初生一茎，茎端一叶，也有分两歧的，每年长一茎，茎枯死便形成一个臼，二十年则二十个臼。花生在茎之间，赤色，三月开花，后来结果实。根、肉、皮、须都类似射干，民间使用的都是射干，应当仔细辨别。七月、八月采集根部，晒干使用。古方治疗五尸、鬼疰、百毒、恶气的方剂中使用它。一说鬼臼生长在深山阴地，叶子六出或五出，像雁掌。茎端一叶像伞盖，早晨向东，到了傍晚则向西倾斜，大概是随着太阳出没而转动。花红紫色像荔枝，正在叶子下面，常被叶子遮蔽，很少见到阳光。一年生一叶，枯萎后便形成一个臼，等到八、九年就有八、九个臼了。然而一年一个新臼生成而一个旧臼腐烂，大概是新旧更替，所以民间又名叫害母草。像芋魁、乌头之类也是这样。新苗生出则旧苗死亡，前年的芋魁就腐烂了。而《本草》注说完全像射干，现在的射干体状虽然相似，但是臼形浅薄，与鬼臼大不相同。鬼臼像八、九天南星侧面相比相叠，而色泽纹理正像射干。重要的是，应当让人去寻找幼苗采摘，市场上不再有了。
Arisaema Cum Rhizoma (Guibai)
Pungent, warm or slightly warm, toxic. Mainly used to kill gu poison (parasitic poisoning), gui zhu essence spirits (spiritual diseases), ward off evil qi and inauspiciousness, expel pathogenic factors, resolve hundred toxins, treat cough and throat obstruction (Houjie), wind-pathogen-induced restlessness and confusion, loss of soul with delusions, remove corneal opacity (Fuyi) from the eyes, kill major toxins; not suitable for decoction. Also known as Juexi, also known as Mumu Dougong, also known as Jiujiu, also known as Tianjiu, also known as Jiedu. Grows in Jiuzhen mountain valleys and Yuanju. Roots are harvested in February and August. (Averse to wall moss.)
Tao Hongjing said: Guibai resembles Shengan (Belamcanda Radix), is white and sweet in taste, warm, and toxic. It mainly treats wind-pathogens, gui zhu, and gu poison. Those with nine connected corms are of good quality.
Also known as Jiujiu, grows in mountain valleys, harvested in August, dried in shade. It somewhat resembles Gouwen (Gelsemium Root). The current Mumu Dougong resembles Huangjing (Polygonatum Rhizoma); its root and corm area resemble a horse's eye and are soft and moist. Guibai resembles Shengan and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), and there are two types: those from Qiantang and nearby roads have a sweet taste and dense hairs on top, which are the best. Those from Kuaiji and Wuxing are larger, bitter in taste, without dense hairs, inferior to the former; although slightly similar, their toxicity differs greatly. Currently, practitioners mostly use Guibai and rarely use Dougong; it is unknown how great this discrepancy is. The *Tang Bencao* annotation states: This herb grows in the shade of deep mountain rocks. Leaves resemble Bima (Ricini Folium) and Chonglou (Paris Rhizoma). One stem emerges, with one leaf at the tip, sometimes bifurcated. Each year one stem grows; when the stem withers, one corm forms. If it grows for twenty years, there will be twenty corms, not just nine. The flesh, skin, and roots of the rhizome all resemble Shengan; currently, what is commonly used by the public is Shengan. Additionally, another item sent from Jiangnan is not genuine. Currently, it exists in the mountains of Dangyang County in Jingzhou, Yu'an County in Xia Prefecture, and Jingshan County in Xiang Prefecture, but it is extremely difficult to obtain. Minister Yuxi et al. carefully note according to the *Shuben Tujing*: Flowers grow between stems, red in color. Currently produced in deep mountains of Xia Prefecture and Xiang Prefecture; roots are harvested in February and August and sun-dried for use. *Yaoxing Lun* states: Guibai, used as an envoy drug, is bitter. It can mainly treat shi zhu (corpse transmission disease), lao ji (consumptive disease), chuan shi shou ji (transmissible emaciation disease), ward off evil qi, and drive away ghosts.
The *Tujing* states: Guibai grows in Jiuzhen mountain valleys and Yuanju. Currently, it is also found in Jiangning Prefecture, Chu, Shu, Shang, Qi, Hang, Xiang, Xia Prefectures, and Jingmen Military District, mostly growing in the shade of deep mountain rocks. Leaves resemble Bima and Chonglou. Initially, one stem emerges with one leaf at the tip, sometimes bifurcated. Each year one stem grows; when the stem withers, one corm forms; after twenty years, there are twenty corms. Flowers grow between stems, red in color, bloom in March, and bear fruit later. The root, flesh, skin, and fibers all resemble Shengan; what is commonly used by the public is Shengan, so careful distinction is required. Roots are harvested in July and August, sun-dried, and used. Ancient formulas for treating wu shi (five corpses), gui zhu, hundred toxins, and evil qi use it. Another view states that Guibai grows in shady places in deep mountains; leaves have six or five lobes, resembling a goose's palm. The single leaf at the stem tip resembles an umbrella cover, facing east in the morning and tilting west in the evening, likely following the sunrise and sunset. Flowers are red-purple like lychee, located under the leaves, often covered by them, rarely seeing sunlight. One leaf grows per year; once withered, it becomes one corm. By eight or nine years, there are eight or nine corms. However, each year a new corm forms while an old one rots, representing the replacement of old and new; thus, it is popularly called "Mother-Harming Grass." This is similar to Yu Kui (Dioscorea Bulbillum) and Wutou (Aconiti Radix). When new seedlings emerge, old seedlings die, and the previous year's corm rots. The *Bencao* annotation claims it completely resembles Shengan; although the current Shengan has a similar structure, its corm shape is shallow and thin, vastly different from Guibai. Guibai resembles stacked side-by-side Tian Nan Xing (Arisaema Rhizoma) of eight or nine years, and its color and texture exactly resemble Shengan. Crucially, one should seek out the seedlings to harvest them; they are no longer available in markets.