足阳明胃经。与脾为表里。上通咽喉。胃下口即小肠。上口属中央戊土。戊化火。故土性爱暖。热则伤胃。但忌寒
耳。主行气。故谷入胃。脉道乃行。其用与性情等。俱不外乎脾脉。受手阳阳大肠之交。大肠脉终于鼻孔。胃脉即
起于鼻之两旁。上行左右相交 。 即山根也。故鼽衄皆胃病。下循鼻外。上入齿中。还出挟口环唇。下交承浆。唇下
陷中曰承浆。循颐后下廉。上耳前。循发际。至 颅。故齿痛口 唇胗额颅痛皆胃病。其支者。从耳后。下颈
循喉咙。入缺盆。下隔属胃络脾。故胃病主颈肿喉痹。其直者。从缺盆下乳内廉。下挟脐。入气街中。其支者。起胃口
下循腹里至气街。与前之入气街者合。故胃邪盛。身以前皆热。又主大腹水肿。膺乳气街俱痛。繇气街。下髀
关。抵伏兔。股外为髀。髀前膝上起肉处。为伏兔。后为髀关。即股内也。下膝膑中。循胫外廉。下足跗。入足中指内
间。挟膝解中为膑。足面为跗。股膝足胫痛皆胃病。其支者。别跗上入大指间。出其端。胃实则热。热则恶火。四肢
者。诸阳之本。阳盛则四肢实。实则能登高而歌。弃衣而走。又火盛与水相激。为奔响腹胀。胃虚则寒栗鼓颔。善呻恶
人。喜闭户处。闻木音则惊。颜则黑。且数数而欠。胃之大略如此。
足阳明胃经,与足太阴脾经互为表里。其经脉上行通达咽喉。胃的下口连接小肠,上口归属于中央的戊土。戊土化生为火,因此土的本性喜爱温暖;若过热则会损伤胃腑,所以胃主要忌讳寒邪。胃主司运行气机,因此食物进入胃中后,脉道才能通畅运行。胃的功能与其性情相同,都不外乎脾脉的规律。胃经受手阳明大肠经的气血交会影响,大肠经的脉气终止于鼻孔,而胃经的脉气则起始于鼻翼两旁,向上在左右两侧相交,这个部位就是山根。因此,鼻塞流涕(鼽)和鼻出血(衄)都属于胃病的范畴。
胃经主干向下沿鼻外侧行走,向上进入齿龈中,再出来环绕口唇,向下交汇于承浆穴(嘴唇下方的凹陷处称为承浆)。随后沿下颌角后方下行至下颌下缘,向上经过耳前,沿着发际线,到达额颅部。因此,牙齿疼痛、口唇疱疹、额部和头部的疼痛都属于胃病的范畴。
胃经的支脉从耳后分出,下行经过颈部,沿着喉咙,进入缺盆(锁骨上窝),穿过膈肌,属于胃并联络脾脏。因此,胃病主要表现为颈部肿胀和喉痹(咽喉肿痛闭塞)。
胃经的正行经脉从缺盆向下,沿乳房内侧边缘下行,夹脐旁进入气街(腹股沟动脉搏动处)。另一条支脉起自胃口下方,沿腹腔内部下行至气街,与前一支脉在气街汇合。因此,当胃中邪气盛实,身体前侧都会发热;同时也主治大腹水肿,以及胸膺、乳房和气街部位的疼痛。
从气街向下,经过髀关穴,抵达伏兔穴。大腿外侧称为“髀”,大腿前侧膝盖上方肌肉隆起处称为“伏兔”,其后侧称为“髀关”,即大腿内侧部分。经脉继续下行至膝盖髌骨中间,沿小腿外侧边缘下行,到达足背,进入足中趾的内侧间隙。“膝解”指膝盖关节连接处,“跗”指足面。因此,大腿、膝盖、足部和小腿的疼痛都属于胃病的范畴。
又有一条支脉,从足背分出,进入大脚趾之间,出于其末端。如果胃气实热,患者会厌恶火光;四肢是诸阳经的根本,阳气盛实则四肢有力充实,表现为能登高唱歌、脱衣奔跑等狂躁症状。此外,火热过盛与水气相互激荡,会导致奔豚样腹胀。如果胃气虚寒,则会出现战栗、下巴鼓动(鼓颔)、喜欢呻吟、害怕见人、喜欢关闭门窗独处等症状;听到木器敲击的声音就会受惊;面色发黑,且频繁打哈欠。胃经的大致情况就是这样。
The Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian is exteriorly-interiorly related to the Spleen. It ascends to connect with the throat. The lower opening of the Stomach connects to the Small Intestine, while its upper opening belongs to the Central Wu Earth. Wu Earth transforms into Fire; therefore, the nature of Earth loves warmth. Excessive heat damages the Stomach, so it primarily fears Cold. The Stomach governs the movement of Qi; thus, when food enters the Stomach, the vessels (Mai) begin to flow. Its function and temperament are consistent with those of the Spleen, both essentially reflecting the characteristics of the Spleen pulse. The Stomach meridian receives interaction from the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian. The pulse of the Large Intestine terminates at the nostrils, whereas the pulse of the Stomach originates from both sides of the nose, ascending and intersecting on the left and right at the Shangen point (the root of the nose). Therefore, rhinorrhea (Qiu) and epistaxis (Nu) are all considered disorders of the Stomach. The meridian descends along the lateral side of the nose, enters the teeth, emerges to encircle the lips, and intersects below at the Chengjiang acupoint (the depression below the lower lip is called Chengjiang). It then follows behind the chin, descends along the lower jaw, ascends in front of the ear, follows the hairline, and reaches the forehead and skull. Consequently, toothache, herpes labialis (Zhen), and pain in the forehead and skull are all attributed to Stomach disorders.
A branch arises from behind the ear, descends along the neck, follows the throat, enters the Keyuan (supraclavicular fossa), passes through the diaphragm, enters the Stomach, and connects with the Spleen. Thus, Stomach disorders primarily manifest as neck swelling and throat obstruction (Houbi). The main trunk descends from the Keyuan along the inner edge of the breast, descends flanking the umbilicus, and enters the Qichong region (inguinal area). Another branch originates from below the stomach opening, descends within the abdomen to the Qichong region, and merges with the previously mentioned branch entering the Qichong. Therefore, when pathogenic factors in the Stomach are excessive, the anterior aspect of the body becomes hot. It also governs massive abdominal edema and pain in the chest, breasts, and Qichong region.
From the Qichong region, it descends to the Biguan acupoint, reaching the Futu acupoint. The lateral thigh is called Bi; the fleshy prominence on the anterior thigh above the knee is called Futu; the posterior part is the Biguan, which corresponds to the medial thigh. The meridian descends to the center of the patella, follows the lateral edge of the tibia, descends to the dorsum of the foot, and enters the space between the medial aspects of the middle toe. The "knee joint" refers to the articulation of the knee, and "Fu" refers to the dorsum of the foot. Therefore, pain in the thighs, knees, feet, and shins are all attributed to Stomach disorders.
Another branch diverges from the dorsum of the foot, enters the space between the big toes, and emerges at its tip. When the Stomach is full and hot, the patient dislikes fire. The four limbs are the roots of all Yang meridians; when Yang is excessive, the limbs become solid and strong, manifesting as the ability to climb high and sing, or stripping clothes and running about. Furthermore, if Fire is excessive and clashes with Water, it causes distension resembling Benxian (fleeing vapor) in the abdomen. If the Stomach is deficient and cold, there will be chills, trembling of the chin (Guhan), a tendency to moan, fear of people, a preference for closing doors and staying alone, startle response upon hearing wooden sounds, a dark complexion, and frequent yawning. This is the general overview of the Stomach meridian.