小儿肌肉脆弱,易伤于风,风冷中于肤腠,入于经络,风冷搏于筋脉,筋脉得冷即急,
故使四肢拘挛也。
夫风邪中于肢节,经于筋脉,若风挟寒气者,即拘急挛痛;若挟于热,即缓纵不随。
按《堪舆历游年图》有白虎神,云太岁在卯,即白虎在寅,准此推之,知其神所在。小
儿有居处触犯此神者,便能为病。其状∶身微热,有时啼唤,有时身小冷,屈指如数,似风
痫,但手足不螈 耳。
喉咙者,气之道路,喉厌者,音声之门户。有暴寒气客于喉厌,喉厌得寒,即不能发声
,故卒然失音也。不能语者,语声不出,非牙关噤也。
小儿中风口噤者,是风入颔颊之筋故也。手三阳之筋,入结颔颊;足阳明之筋,上
夹于口。肤腠虚,受风冷,客于诸阳之筋,筋得寒冷则挛急,故机关不利而口噤也。
小儿中风,口 邪僻,是风入于颔颊之筋故也。足阳明之筋,上夹于口,手三
阳之脉偏急,而口 邪僻也。
小儿风痉之病,状如痫,而背脊项颈强直,是风伤太阳之经。小儿解脱之,脐疮未合,
为风所伤,皆令发痉。
夫羸瘦不生肌肤,皆为脾胃不和,不能饮食,故血气衰弱,不能荣于肌肤。凡小儿在胎
而遇寒冷,或生而挟伏热,皆令儿不能饮食,故羸瘦也。挟热者,即温壮身热,肌肉微黄;
其挟冷者,实时时下痢,唇口青 。
小儿的肌肉和皮肤娇嫩脆弱,容易受到风邪的侵袭。当风寒之邪侵入皮肤的纹理(肤腠),进而进入经络,风寒与筋脉相互搏结,筋脉因受寒而收缩紧张,从而导致四肢拘挛抽搐。
如果风邪侵袭肢体关节,经过筋脉,若风邪夹带寒气,就会导致拘急、痉挛和疼痛;若风邪夹带热邪,则会导致肢体松弛无力、运动不灵活。
根据《堪舆历游年图》记载,有“白虎神”存在。据说当太岁在卯位时,白虎就在寅位,依此类推,可以推算出该神煞所在的位置。如果小儿居住的地方触犯了这个神煞,就会引发疾病。其症状表现为:身体轻微发热,有时啼哭呼叫,有时身体发凉,手指屈伸自如像是在数数,症状类似风痫证,但手足并没有抽搐(螈)的现象。
喉咙是气息通行的道路,喉厌(指会厌等发声部位)是声音发出的门户。如果有暴烈的寒气客居于喉厌,导致喉厌受寒,就不能发出声音,因此突然失音。所谓不能说话,是指声音发不出来,而不是因为牙关紧闭(口噤)。
小儿中风出现口噤(牙关紧闭)的症状,是因为风邪侵入下颌脸颊部位的筋脉所致。手三阳经的筋脉,汇聚结于下颌脸颊;足阳明经的筋脉,上行夹持于口唇周围。由于肌肤腠理空虚,受到风冷之邪侵袭,邪气客居于各阳经的筋脉,筋脉因寒冷而拘挛紧张,导致关节机关活动不利,从而出现口噤。
小儿中风出现口眼歪斜(邪僻),也是风邪侵入下颌脸颊筋脉的缘故。足阳明经的筋脉上行夹持口唇,手三阳经的经脉偏侧拘急,从而导致口眼歪斜。
小儿患风痉病,症状类似痫证,但伴有背部、脊柱、颈部僵硬挺直,这是风邪损伤了太阳经(太阳经受邪所致的病证)。小儿出生后脐带脱落处的疮口尚未愈合,被风邪所伤,都会导致发生痉病。
凡是身体消瘦、不长肌肉的情况,都是因为脾胃功能不和,不能正常饮食,导致气血衰弱,无法滋养肌肤。凡是在胎儿时期遭遇寒冷,或者出生后体内潜伏热邪,都会导致小儿不能正常饮食,因而身体消瘦。夹带热邪的,会出现体温升高、身体发热、肌肉略微发黄;夹带寒邪的,则会立即出现时下时止的腹泻,嘴唇和口角发青。
The muscles and skin of infants are delicate and fragile, making them susceptible to wind pathogens. When wind-cold invades the cutaneous pores (skin texture) and enters the meridians, the wind-cold clashes with the sinews and vessels. Upon receiving cold, the sinews and vessels become tense and contracted, thus causing spasms and contractures of the four limbs.
If wind pathogen strikes the joints and extremities, passing through the sinews and vessels: if the wind carries cold qi, it results in stiffness, spasm, and pain; if the wind carries heat, it leads to flaccidity, laxity, and motor impairment.
According to the *Kanyu Li Nian Tu* (Map of Auspicious and Inauspicious Years in Geomancy), there exists a deity known as the "White Tiger." It is said that when the Tai Sui (Grand Duke Jupiter) is in Mao, the White Tiger is in Yin; by following this logic, one can deduce the location of this deity. If an infant's residence offends this deity, illness may ensue. The manifestations include: slight fever, intermittent crying or calling, occasional chilliness, and fingers flexing and extending as if counting. These symptoms resemble Wind Epilepsy (Feng Xian), but without the twitching (Yong) of the hands and feet.
The throat is the pathway for Qi. The epiglottis (Hou Yan, referring to the glottis/epiglottis area responsible for phonation) is the gate for voice production. If violent cold qi lodges in the epiglottis, causing it to become cold, the ability to produce sound is lost, resulting in sudden aphonia (loss of voice). The condition of being unable to speak refers to the inability to emit sound, not to trismus (lockjaw).
Trismus (lockjaw) in infants suffering from Wind Stroke occurs because wind has invaded the sinews of the mandible and cheeks. The sinews of the three Yang meridities of the hand converge at the mandible and cheeks; the sinews of the Foot-Yangming Meridian ascend alongside the mouth. Due to deficient cutaneous pores, wind-cold invades the sinews of the various Yang meridians. The sinews contract and tighten due to cold, leading to dysfunction of the joint mechanisms and resulting in trismus.
Facial deviation (crookedness of the mouth and eyes) in infants with Wind Stroke is also caused by wind invading the sinews of the mandible and cheeks. The sinews of the Foot-Yangming Meridian ascend alongside the mouth, while the meridians of the Hand-Yangmeridities on one side become tense, causing facial deviation.
The disease of Wind Spasm in infants resembles epilepsy but is characterized by rigidity and straightening of the back, spine, neck, and nape. This indicates that wind has injured the Taiyang Meridian (Taiyang Disease). Additionally, if the umbilical wound in an infant has not yet healed after birth and is exposed to wind, it can all induce spasm.
Emaciation and failure to gain flesh are all due to disharmony of the Spleen and Stomach, leading to poor appetite. Consequently, Blood and Qi become deficient and fail to nourish the skin and muscles. Whether the fetus encounters cold during gestation, or the newborn harbors latent heat after birth, both conditions impair the infant's ability to eat, leading to emaciation. Those with latent heat present with elevated temperature, body heat, and slightly yellowish muscle tone; those with latent cold present with intermittent diarrhea and bluish lips and mouth corners.