肺主于气，候皮毛。人有运动劳役，其气外泄，腠理则开，因乘风取凉，冷气卒伤于肺
，即发成嗽，故为暴气嗽。其状，嗽甚而少涎沫。
咳逆者，是咳嗽而气逆上也。气为阳，流行腑脏，宣发腠理，而气肺之所主也。咳病由
肺虚感微寒所成，寒搏于气，气不得宣，胃逆聚还肺，肺则胀满，气遂不下，故为咳逆。其
状，咳而胸满气逆，膊背痛，汗出，尻、阴股、膝、 、 、足皆痛。其汤
熨针石，别有正方，补养宣导，今附于后。
《养生方·导引法》云∶先以鼻纳气，乃闭口，还复以鼻纳气，咳则愈。
向晨，去枕正偃卧，伸臂胫，瞑目闭口无息，极胀腹两足再息，顷间，吸腹仰两足，倍
拳，欲自微息定，复为之。春三、夏五、秋七、冬九。荡涤五脏，津润六腑。所病皆愈。
又云∶还向反望、倒望，不息七通。治咳逆、胸中病、寒热也。
肺感于寒，微者则成咳嗽。久咳嗽者，是肺极虚故也。肺既极虚，气还乘之，故连年积
月久不瘥。夫气久逆不下，则变身面皆肿满。表里虚，气往来乘之故也。
肺虚感微寒而成咳。咳而气还聚于肺，肺则胀，是为咳逆也。邪气与正气相搏，正气不
得宣通，但逆上喉咽之间。邪伏则气静，邪动则气奔上，烦闷欲绝，故谓之咳逆上气也。
肺感于寒，微者则成咳嗽。久咳逆气，虚则邪乘于气，逆奔上也。肺气虚极，邪则停心
，时动时作，故发则气奔逆乘心，烦闷欲绝，少时乃定，定后复发，连滞经久也。
肺主司气，外候于皮毛。人若因运动或劳役导致气息外泄，腠理（皮肤纹理及汗孔）随之开张，此时若乘风取凉，冷气突然侵袭肺部，就会引发咳嗽，因此称为暴气嗽。其症状表现为咳嗽剧烈且痰涎很少。
咳逆，是指咳嗽且气机上逆。气属阳，流行于脏腑，宣发于腠理，而肺是气的主宰。咳嗽病多由肺气虚弱感受微寒所致，寒邪与气相搏结，致使气机不能宣通，胃气上逆并聚还于肺，导致肺脏胀满，气机不得下行，因此形成咳逆。其症状表现为咳嗽、胸部胀满、气机上逆，肩背疼痛，出汗，臀部、大腿内侧、膝盖、小腿肚、脚踝及足部均感疼痛。治疗此类病症的汤药、熨法、针刺和砭石疗法另有专门方剂，补养和导引之法，现附于后。
《养生方·导引法》记载：先用鼻子吸入清气，然后闭口，再经鼻子吸气，咳嗽即可痊愈。清晨起床时，去掉枕头，端正仰卧，伸展手臂和小腿，闭目闭口屏住呼吸，极力鼓胀腹部，双脚交替呼吸两次；片刻之后，吸气使腹部凹陷，双脚伸直，双手握拳用力，想要轻微调整呼吸使其平稳，反复练习。春季三次，夏季五次，秋季七次，冬季九次。此法能荡涤五脏，滋润六腑，所患疾病皆可痊愈。
又说：回头向后看、倒头向后看，屏住呼吸七次。可治疗咳逆、胸中病症及寒热往来。
肺感受寒邪，轻微的则形成咳嗽。久咳不愈，是因为肺气极度虚弱。肺既已极度虚弱，气机反而乘虚侵犯，因此连年累月长久不愈。如果气机长期上逆不下行，就会导致全身面目浮肿。这是由于表里俱虚，气机往来乘袭所致。
肺气虚弱感受微寒而形成咳嗽。咳嗽时气机回聚于肺，导致肺脏胀满，这就是咳逆。邪气与正气相互搏结，正气不能宣通，只能逆上至喉咽之间。邪气潜伏时气机静止，邪气发动时气机奔涌向上，出现烦闷欲绝的症状，所以称为咳逆上气。
肺感受寒邪，轻微的则形成咳嗽。久咳导致气逆，因虚而邪气乘袭气机，气机逆乱奔涌向上。肺气极度虚弱，邪气便停留于心，时而发作，因此发病时气机奔逆乘袭心脏，感到烦闷欲绝，过一会儿才平静，平静后再次发作，连绵不断经久难愈。
The Lung governs Qi and manifests in the skin and hair (mao pi). When a person engages in physical exertion or labor, their Qi escapes outward, causing the interstices (cou li) to open. If they then expose themselves to wind to cool off, cold pathogenic factors suddenly injure the Lung, immediately triggering coughing; thus, it is called sudden Qi cough (Bao Qi Sou). The presentation involves severe coughing with little sputum.
Ke Ni (Cough with rebellious Qi) refers to coughing accompanied by upward rebellion of Qi. Qi belongs to Yang, circulates through the Zang-Fu organs, and disseminates to the interstices, while the Lung is the master of Qi. Cough diseases arise from Lung deficiency combined with exposure to mild cold. Cold condenses with Qi, preventing its dissemination; Stomach Qi rebels and gathers back into the Lung, causing Lung distension and fullness, so that Qi fails to descend, resulting in Ke Ni. The symptoms include cough, chest fullness, rebellious Qi, pain in the shoulders and back, sweating, and pain in the buttocks, inner thighs, knees, calves, ankles, and feet. Decoctions, hot compresses, acupuncture, and stone therapy have separate specific formulas for treatment. Nourishing and guiding exercises are attached hereafter.
The *Yang Sheng Fang* (Prescriptions for Health Preservation) · *Dao Yin Fa* (Guiding and Pulling Methods) states: First inhale air through the nose, then close the mouth, and inhale again through the nose; this will cure cough. In the early morning, remove the pillow, lie supine with the body straight, extend arms and shins, close eyes and mouth, hold breath, and strive to distend the abdomen; perform two breath cycles with both feet. After a moment, inhale to hollow the abdomen, extend both legs fully, clench fists tightly, and attempt to settle breathing slightly; repeat this practice. In spring, three times; in summer, five times; in autumn, seven times; in winter, nine times. This method cleanses the Five Zang organs and moistens the Six Fu organs, curing all ailments.
It also states: Turn head backward to look behind, tilt head backward to look up, holding breath for seven cycles. This treats Ke Ni, chest disorders, and alternating chills and fever.
When the Lung is affected by cold, mild cases result in coughing. Chronic cough indicates extreme Lung deficiency. Since the Lung is extremely deficient, Qi invades it, leading to prolonged illness lasting years and months. If Qi remains rebellious and fails to descend for a long time, it transforms into generalized edema and facial swelling. This occurs due to deficiency in both interior and exterior, allowing Qi to invade alternately.
Lung deficiency combined with mild cold causes cough. During coughing, Qi returns and gathers in the Lung, causing distension; this is termed Ke Ni. Pathogenic factors contend with healthy Qi; since healthy Qi cannot be disseminated smoothly, it rebels upward to the throat and pharynx. When pathogenic factors are latent, Qi is still; when they move, Qi rushes upward, causing severe oppression and a feeling of impending death; hence, it is called Ke Ni Shang Qi (Rebellious Qi Cough with Upward Flow).
Lung affected by cold results in cough if mild. Chronic cough with rebellious Qi occurs because deficiency allows pathogenic factors to invade Qi, causing it to rebel and rush upward. With extreme Lung Qi deficiency, pathogenic factors lodge in the Heart, manifesting intermittently. Thus, upon onset, Qi rushes rebelliously to invade the Heart, causing severe oppression and a feeling of impending death; after a short period, it settles, only to recur later, lingering continuously for a long duration.