雄疔疮者，大如钱孔，乌 似灸疮，四畔泡浆色赤，又有赤粟。乃言疮而不肿，刺之不
痛，而兼热者，名为雄疔疮。
雌疔疮者，头小黄，向里 ，亦似灸疮，四畔泡浆外赤，大如钱孔而多汁。肿而不痛，
疮内有十字画而兼冷者，谓之雌疔疮。
此疮色紫赤，如火之色，即谓紫色火赤疔疮也。
牛疔疮，皮色不异，但肿而头黑，挑之黄水出，四边赤似茱萸房者，名为牛疔疮。
此疮头，破之黄水出，四畔浮浆起，狭长似鱼脐，故谓之鱼脐疔疮。
疮形状如赤豆，或生掖下。如鸭子大者，世人不识，但见其赤，即谓之赤根疔疮。
犯疔疮，谓疔疮欲瘥，更犯触之，若大嗔，及食猪、鱼、麻子，并狐臭人气熏之，皆能
触犯之，则更极，乃甚于初。更令疮热 肿，先寒后热，四肢沉重，头痛心惊，呕逆烦闷，
则不可治。
犯疔疮肿，谓疮肿欲瘥，更犯触之，疮势转剧，乃甚于初。或肿热疼掣，或心闷恍惚，
或四肢沉重，或呕逆烦心。此皆犯疮之候，多能杀人。
此由是疔疮而带 肿，而无根者也。
犯疔肿，谓病疔肿，而或饮食，或居处，触犯之，令肿增极也。
痈者，由六腑不和所生也。六腑主表，气行经络而浮，若喜怒不测，饮食不节，阴阳不
调，则六腑不和。荣卫虚者，腠理则开，寒客于经络之间，累络为寒所折，则荣卫矧留于脉
。荣者，血也；卫者，气也。荣血得寒，则涩而不行，卫气从之，与寒相搏，亦壅遏不通。
气者，阳孔，阳气蕴积，则生于热，寒热不散，故聚积成痈。腑气浮行，主表，故痈浮浅，
皮薄以泽。久则热胜于寒，热气蕴积，伤肉而败肌，故血肉腐坏，化而为脓。其患在表浮浅
，则骨髓不焦枯，腑脏不伤败，故可治而愈也。
又，少苦消渴，年四十以外，多发痈疽。所以然者，体虚热而荣卫痞涩故也。有膈痰而
渴者，年盛必作黄胆。此由脾胃虚热故也，年衰亦发痈疽，腑脏虚热，血气痞涩故也。
又，肿一寸至二寸，疖也；二寸至五寸，痈也；五寸至一尺，痈疽也；一尺至三尺者，
名曰竟体痈，痈成，九窍皆出。诸气愤郁，不遂志欲者，血气蓄积，多发此疾。
诊其寸口脉，外结者，痈肿。肾脉涩甚，为大痈。脉滑而数，滑即为实，数即为热，滑
即为荣，数即为卫。荣卫相逢，则结为痈；热之所过，即为脓也。脉弱而数者，此为战寒，
必发痈肿。脉浮而数，身体无热，其形默默，胃中微躁，不知痛所在，此主当发痈肿。脉来
细而沉，时直者，身有痈肿。若腹中有伏梁。脉肺肝俱到，即发痈疽；四肢沉重，肺脉多即
凡痈疽脉，洪粗难治，脉微涩者易愈。诸浮数之脉，应当发热，而反洗渐恶寒，若有痛
处，当有痈也；此或附骨有脓也。脉弦洪相薄，外急内热，故欲发痈疖。
凡发痈肿高者，疹源浅；肿下者，疹源深。大热者，易治；小热者，难治。初便大痛，
伤肌；晚乃大痛，伤骨。诸痈发于节者，不可治也。发于阳者，百日死；发于阴者，四十日死也。
尻太阳脉有肿痈在足心，少阳脉，八日死；发脓血，八十日死。头阳明脉有肿痈在尻，
六日死；发脓血，六十日死。股太阳脉有肿痈在足太阳，七十日死；发脓血，百日死。膊
太阳、太阴脉有肿痈在胫，八日死；发脓血，四百日死。足少阳脉有肿痈在胁，八日死，
发脓血，六百日死。手阳明脉有肿痈在渊掖，一岁死；发脓血，二岁死。发肿牢如石，走皮
中，无根，瘰 也；久久不消，因得他热乘之，时有发者，亦为痈也。又，手心主之脉气发
，有肿痈在股胫，六日死；发脓血，六十日死。又有痈在腓肠中，九日死也。
《养生方》云∶五月勿食不成核果及桃、枣，发痈疖。不尔，发寒热，变为黄疽，又为
又云∶人汗入诸食中，食之则作疔疮、痈、疖等。
雄疔疮，其大小如同铜钱孔，颜色黑得像灸疮一样，四周有起泡流浆且色赤，还有红色的粟粒状突起。虽然称为疮但并不肿胀，刺破时不痛，同时伴有发热症状的，命名为雄疔疮。
雌疔疮，疮头黄色较小，向内凹陷，也类似灸疮，四周起泡流浆且外部色赤，大小如铜钱孔但汁液较多。肿胀但不疼痛，疮内有十字形纹路且伴有寒冷感的，称为雌疔疮。
这种疮颜色紫红，像火的颜色，即称为紫色火赤疔疮。
牛疔疮，皮肤颜色没有异常，只是肿胀且疮头黑色，挑破后有黄水流出，四周发红像茱萸房一样的，名为牛疔疮。
这种疮头，破溃后黄水流出，四周浮起浆液，形状狭长像鱼肚脐，所以称为鱼脐疔疮。
疮的形状像赤豆，有时生长在腋下。如果像鸭子大小的，世人不认识，只要见到它发红，就称之为赤根疔疮。
触犯疔疮，是指疔疮快要痊愈时，再次受到触碰刺激。比如大怒，以及食用猪、鱼、麻子，或者被狐臭的人的气息熏到，都能导致触犯，从而使病情更加严重，甚至比初发时更重。这会导致疮处热肿，先恶寒后发热，四肢沉重，头痛心惊，呕吐逆气烦闷，这就不可治愈了。
犯疔疮肿，是指疮肿快要痊愈时，再次受到触碰刺激，疮势转而加剧，甚至比初发时更重。或者出现肿胀热痛牵掣，或者心闷恍惚，或者四肢沉重，或者呕吐逆气心烦。这些都是触犯疮疡的表现，大多能致人死亡。
疮久不愈，是指此疔疮脓汁不止，疮面平坦下陷不满，这都是由过度受寒引起的。
犯疔肿，是指患疔肿病，因饮食或居住环境的因素，触犯它，导致肿胀极度加重。
痈，是由六腑功能不和所产生的。六腑主表，气行于经络而浮越。如果喜怒无常，饮食不节制，阴阳失调，就会导致六腑不和。营卫虚弱的人，腠理就会开泄，寒气客居在经络之间，累及络脉被寒气折损，那么营卫就会留滞于血脉中。营，就是血；卫，就是气。营血遇到寒气，就会涩滞而不运行，卫气随之与之相搏，也会壅塞遏阻不通。气属于阳窍，阳气蕴积，就会产生热，寒热不散，所以积聚形成痈。腑气浮行，主表，所以痈的位置浮浅，皮肤薄而有光泽。时间久了，热胜于寒，热气蕴积，损伤肌肉败坏肌体，所以血肉腐坏，化为脓液。其病变在体表浮浅，骨髓就不会焦枯，脏腑不会伤败，所以可以治愈。
另外，少壮年人苦于消渴症，到了四十岁以外，容易多发痈疽。之所以这样，是因为身体虚热而营卫痞涩的缘故。有膈间痰饮而口渴的人，正值壮年必定会患黄疸。这是由脾胃虚热造成的，年老衰退时也会发痈疽，这是因为脏腑虚热，血气痞涩的缘故。
另外，肿胀一寸至二寸的，称为疖；二寸至五寸的，称为痈；五寸至一尺的，称为痈疽；一尺至三尺的，名叫竟体痈，痈形成后，九窍都会出脓血。各种气机愤郁，不能遂心如意的人，血气蓄积，容易多发此疾。
诊察寸口脉，外结有力的，是痈肿。肾脉涩而有力，是大痈。脉滑而数，滑即为实，数即为热，滑即为营盛，数即为卫盛。营卫相逢，则凝结为痈；热气所过之处，即为脓液。脉弱而数的，这是战寒，必定发痈肿。脉浮而数，身体无热，神情沉默，胃中微躁，不知道疼痛所在，这主当发痈肿。脉来细而沉，时而直挺的，身上有痈肿。如果腹中有伏梁病。脉象肺肝俱现，就会发痈疽；四肢沉重，肺脉多见。凡是痈疽的脉象，洪粗难治，脉微涩者易愈。各种浮数之脉，应当发热，反而洗渐恶寒，如果有痛处，应当是有痈；这可能是附骨有脓。脉弦洪相搏，外急内热，所以欲发痈疖。
凡是发痈肿位置高的，病灶源浅；位置低的，病灶源深。大热的，易治；小热的，难治。初起就大痛的，伤肌；晚起才大痛的，伤骨。各种痈发于关节处的，不可治。发于阳经的，百日死；发于阴经的，四十日死。
尻部太阳脉有肿痈在足心，少阳脉，八日死；发脓血，八十日死。头部阳明脉有肿痈在尻部，六日死；发脓血，六十日死。股部太阳脉有肿痈在足太阳经，七十日死；发脓血，百日死。膊部太阳、太阴脉有肿痈在小腿胫骨，八日死；发脓血，四百日死。足少阳脉有肿痈在胁部，八日死，发脓血，六百日死。手阳明脉有肿痈在渊腋穴，一岁死；发脓血，二岁死。发肿坚硬如石，游走皮中，没有根基，是瘰疬；久久不消，因而得到其他热气乘袭，有时发作，也成为痈。另外，手心主之脉气发动，有肿痈在大腿和小腿，六日死；发脓血，六十日死。又有痈在腓肠肌中，九日死。
《养生方》说：五月不要吃不成熟的核果以及桃、枣，会引发痈疖。不然的话，会发寒热，变为黄疸，又……
又说：人的汗进入各种食物中，吃了就会作疔疮、痈、疖等病。
Xiong Ding Chuang (Male Carbuncle) is as large as a coin hole, black like a moxibustion sore, with blisters exuding fluid and red color on the four sides, accompanied by red millet-like papules. Although called a sore, it does not swell; pricking it causes no pain, but is accompanied by heat. This is named Xiong Ding Chuang (Male Carbuncle).
Ci Ding Chuang (Female Carbuncle) has a small yellow head, pointing inward, also resembling a moxibustion sore, with blisters exuding fluid and red color on the outside, as large as a coin hole but with more juice. It swells but does not hurt; if there are cross-shaped lines inside the sore accompanied by coldness, it is called Ci Ding Chuang (Female Carbuncle).
This type of sore is purple-red in color, like the color of fire, which is termed Purple Fire Red Ding Sore (Zise Huochi Ding Chuang).
Niu Ding Chuang (Ox Carbuncle) has skin color unchanged, only swelling with a black head; when pierced, yellow water flows out, and the four sides are red like the calyx of dogwood. This is named Niu Ding Chuang (Ox Carbuncle).
For this sore, when the head breaks, yellow water flows out, and floating fluid rises on the four sides. The shape is narrow and long like a fish's navel, hence it is called Yuqi Ding Chuang (Fish-Navel Carbuncle).
The sore resembles a red bean or occurs under the armpit. If it is as large as a duck, people do not recognize it; seeing only its redness, they call it Chigen Ding Chuang (Red-Root Carbuncle).
"Fan Ding Chuang" (Provoking Carbuncle) refers to touching or irritating the carbuncle when it is about to heal. Anger, eating pork, fish, or hemp seeds, or being exposed to the odor of someone with axillary osmidrosis can all provoke it. This makes the condition worse, even more severe than initially. It causes further heat and swelling of the sore, chills followed by fever, heavy limbs, headache, palpitations, vomiting, and irritability. At this stage, it is incurable.
"Ding Chuang Zhong" (Carbuncle Swelling) refers to the heat qi of the carbuncle attacking and battling with cold pathogens to form swelling.
"Fan Ding Chuang Zhong" (Provoked Carbuncle Swelling) refers to the swelling nearing resolution but being provoked again, causing the condition to worsen, even more than the initial state. Symptoms may include swollen, hot, painful twitching, chest oppression with confusion, heavy limbs, or vomiting with heart irritability. These are signs of provoking the sore and often lead to death.
This arises from a Ding Chuang (Carbuncle) that carries swelling but lacks roots.
"Chuang Jiu Bu Chai" (Sore Not Healing for Long) refers to a Ding Chuang (Carbuncle) where pus continues to flow, and the surface becomes flat and depressed. This is caused by excessive cold.
"Fan Ding Zhong" (Provoked Ding Swelling) refers to contracting Ding Swelling due to dietary or environmental provocations, leading to extreme worsening of the swelling.
Yong (Abscess) is generated by disharmony of the Six Fu Organs (Six Yang Organs). The Six Fu Organs govern the exterior; Qi moves through the meridians and floats outward. If emotions are unpredictable, diet is irregular, and Yin and Yang are imbalanced, the Six Fu Organs become disharmonious. When Ying Wei (Nutritive and Defensive Qi) are deficient, the Cou Li (pores/skin texture) open, allowing Cold to invade between the meridians. The collaterals are damaged by Cold, causing Ying and Wei to stagnate in the vessels. Ying is Blood; Wei is Qi. When Ying Blood encounters Cold, it becomes stagnant and fails to circulate. Wei Qi follows and battles with Cold, also becoming obstructed and blocked. Qi belongs to Yang apertures; when Yang Qi accumulates, Heat is generated. If Cold and Heat do not dissipate, they accumulate to form Yong (Abscess). Since Fu Qi floats and governs the exterior, Yong is superficial, with thin and lustrous skin. Over time, Heat surpasses Cold; accumulated Heat damages flesh and ruins muscle tissue, causing blood and flesh to rot and transform into pus. Since the pathology is superficial on the exterior, the bone marrow remains unburnt, and the Zang-Fu organs are not damaged, so it is treatable and curable.
Furthermore, young people suffering from Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome) over the age of forty often develop many Yong Ju (Abscesses and Ulcers). This is because the body is deficient in Heat, and Ying Wei are obstructed and stagnant. Those with Phlegm in the Diaphragm and thirst will likely develop Huang Dan (Jaundice) in their prime years due to deficiency-Heat in the Spleen and Stomach. In old age, they may also develop Yong Ju (Abscesses and Ulcers) due to deficiency-Heat in the Zang-Fu organs and stagnation of Blood and Qi.
Additionally, swelling one to two cun is called Jie (Furuncle); two to five cun is Yong (Abscess); five cun to one chi is Yong Ju (Abscess and Ulcer); one to three chi is Jingti Yong (Whole-Body Abscess), where upon formation, pus and blood discharge from the nine orifices. People whose Qi mechanisms are frustrated and desires unfulfilled have accumulated Blood and Qi, making them prone to this disease.
Diagnosing the Cun Kou (Radial Pulse): If the pulse is externally knotted/firm, it indicates Yong Zhong (Abscess Swelling). A Shen (Kidney) pulse that is very choppy indicates Da Yong (Large Abscess). A slippery and rapid pulse: Slippery indicates Excess; Rapid indicates Heat; Slippery indicates abundant Ying (Nutritive); Rapid indicates abundant Wei (Defensive). When Ying and Wei meet, they knot to form Yong (Abscess); where Heat passes, it becomes pus. A weak and rapid pulse indicates battling Cold, definitely leading to Yong Zhong (Abscess Swelling). A floating and rapid pulse with no body heat, silent demeanor, slight stomach restlessness, and unknown pain location indicates impending Yong Zhong (Abscess Swelling). A fine and sinking pulse that occasionally feels straight indicates body Yong Zhong (Abscess Swelling). If there is Fu Liang (Hidden Beam mass) in the abdomen. If both Lung and Liver pulses are present, Yong Ju (Abscesses and Ulcers) will erupt; accompanied by heavy limbs and frequent Lung pulses. Generally, for Yong Ju (Abscesses and Ulcers), a洪粗 (Surging and Coarse) pulse is difficult to treat, while a微弱涩 (Weak, Fine, and Choppy) pulse is easy to cure. For all floating and rapid pulses, fever should be present; if instead there is gradual aversion to cold, and there is a painful area, it indicates Yong (Abscess); this may imply pus attached to the bone. A pulse that is wiry and surging interacting indicates exterior tension and interior heat, thus predisposing to Yong Jie (Abscesses and Furuncles).
Generally, for erupted Yong Zhong (Abscess Swelling), high elevation indicates shallow origin; low elevation indicates deep origin. High heat is easy to treat; low heat is difficult to treat. Severe pain at onset injures muscle; severe pain appearing late injures bone. Yong (Abscesses) occurring at joints are incurable. Those erupting on Yang meridians die within 100 days; those on Yin meridians die within 40 days.
If there is Yong Zhong (Abscess Swelling) in the Taiyang pulse of the sacrum/calf region extending to the sole, involving Shaoyang pulse, death occurs in 8 days; if pus and blood discharge, death occurs in 80 days. If there is Yong Zhong (Abscess Swelling) in the Yangming pulse of the head extending to the sacrum, death occurs in 6 days; if pus and blood discharge, death occurs in 60 days. If there is Yong Zhong (Abscess Swelling) in the Taiyang pulse of the thigh extending to the Foot Taiyang meridian, death occurs in 70 days; if pus and blood discharge, death occurs in 100 days. If there is Yong Zhong (Abscess Swelling) in the Taiyang and Taiyin pulses of the arm extending to the tibia, death occurs in 8 days; if pus and blood discharge, death occurs in 400 days. If there is Yong Zhong (Abscess Swelling) in the Shaoyang pulse of the foot extending to the hypochondrium, death occurs in 8 days; if pus and blood discharge, death occurs in 600 days. If there is Yong Zhong (Abscess Swelling) in the Yangming pulse of the hand extending to the Yuan Ye acupoint, death occurs in one year; if pus and blood discharge, death occurs in two years. If the swelling is firm like stone, wandering in the skin without roots, it is Luo Li (Scrofula); if it persists for a long time without resolving and is subsequently attacked by other Heat pathogens, occasional eruptions also constitute Yong (Abscess). Furthermore, if the Qi of the Pericardium meridian activates and there is Yong Zhong (Abscess Swelling) in the thigh and calf, death occurs in 6 days; if pus and blood discharge, death occurs in 60 days. There is also Yong (Abscess) in the Gastrocnemius muscle, causing death in 9 days.
The *Yangsheng Fang* (Prescriptions for Nourishing Life) states: In May, do not eat unripe drupes or peaches and dates, as they trigger Yong Jie (Abscesses and Furuncles). Otherwise, it causes chills and fever, transforms into Huang Dan (Jaundice), and...
It also states: If human sweat enters various foods, consuming them will cause Ding Chuang (Carbuncles), Yong (Abscesses), Jie (Furuncles), etc.