目为肝之外候,肝虚不足,为冷热之气所干,故气上冲于目,外复遇风所击,冷热相
搏而令睑内结肿,或如杏核大,或如酸枣之状。肿而因风所发,故谓之风肿。
目为肝之外候,若被风邪伤肝,肝气不足,故令目泪出。其汤熨针石,别有正方,补养
《养生方·导引法》云∶踞坐,伸右脚,两手抱左膝头,伸腰,以鼻纳气,自极七息,
展右足着外。除难屈伸拜起,去胫中痛痹、风目耳聋。
又云∶踞,伸左脚,两手抱右膝头,伸腰,以鼻纳气,自极七息,展左足着外。除难屈
伸拜起,去胫中疼。一本云,除风目暗、耳聋。
又云∶以鼻纳气,左手持鼻,除目暗泣出。鼻纳气,口闭,自极七息。除两胁下积血气
又云∶端坐,伸腰,徐徐以鼻纳气,以右手持鼻,徐徐闭目吐气。除目暗、泪苦出、鼻
中肉、耳聋;亦能除伤寒头痛洗洗,皆当以汗出为度。
夫五脏六腑皆有津液,通于目者为泪。若脏气不足,则不能收制其液,故目自然泪出。
亦不因风而出不止,本无赤痛。
阴阳之气,皆上注于目。若风邪痰气乘于腑脏,腑脏之气,虚实不调,故气冲于目,久
不散,变生肤翳。肤翳者,明眼睛上有物如蝇翅者即是。
此言肝脏不足,为风热之气所干,故于目睛上生翳,翳久不散,渐渐长,侵覆瞳子。
眼睛是肝脏功能状态的外部表现。如果肝脏虚弱不足,受到冷、热邪气的侵袭,导致气机上冲至眼部,外部又遭遇风邪的冲击,冷热邪气相互搏结,致使眼睑内部形成肿块,有的像杏核一样大,有的像酸枣的形状。这种肿胀因风邪引发,所以称为“风肿”。
眼睛是肝脏功能状态的外部表现。如果被风邪损伤肝脏,导致肝气不足,就会引起眼睛流泪。针对这种情况的汤药外敷、艾灸及针刺砭石治疗,另有专门的方剂。《养生方·导引法》记载:蹲坐,伸直右脚,双手抱住左膝头,挺直腰身,用鼻子吸气,尽力吸七次呼吸,将右足向外伸展。此法可消除难以屈伸、拜起困难的症状,去除小腿内部的疼痛、麻木以及风邪引起的目疾和耳聋。
又说:蹲坐,伸直左脚,双手抱住右膝头,挺直腰身,用鼻子吸气,尽力吸七次呼吸,将左足向外伸展。此法可消除难以屈伸、拜起困难的症状,去除小腿内部的疼痛。另一版本记载,此法可去除风邪引起的视物昏暗、耳聋。
又说:用鼻子吸气,左手捏住鼻子,可去除视物昏暗、流泪不止的症状。用鼻子吸气,闭住嘴巴,尽力吸七次呼吸。此法可去除两胁下的积血和气滞。
又说:端正坐姿,挺直腰身,慢慢地用鼻子吸气,用右手捏住鼻子,慢慢地闭上眼睛呼气。此法可去除视物昏暗、眼泪痛苦地流出、鼻内生肉赘以及耳聋;也能去除伤寒引起的恶寒头痛,都应当以出汗为限度。
五脏六腑都有津液,通达于眼睛的津液表现为泪。如果脏腑之气不足,就不能收摄和控制这些津液,所以眼睛自然流泪。也不是因为风邪而流泪不止,原本没有红肿疼痛。
阴阳之气,都向上灌注于眼睛。如果风邪和痰气侵犯脏腑,导致脏腑之气的虚实不调,因此气机上冲至眼睛,久久不散,变化生成肤翳(眼表薄膜)。肤翳,就是明眼上长有像苍蝇翅膀一样的东西。
这里说的是肝脏不足,被风热邪气所侵扰,因此在眼球上生翳,翳膜久久不散,逐渐生长,覆盖并侵入瞳孔。
The eyes are the external manifestation of the Liver. If the Liver is deficient and insufficient, it is invaded by cold and heat pathogenic factors, causing Qi to rush upward to the eyes. Externally encountering wind strike, cold and heat pathogens contend with each other, resulting in swelling within the eyelids. The swelling may be as large as an apricot pit or shaped like a sour jujube. Since this swelling arises due to wind pathogens, it is termed "Wind Swelling" (Fengzhong).
The eyes are the external manifestation of the Liver. If injured by wind pathogens affecting the Liver, leading to insufficiency of Liver Qi, it causes lacrimation. For treatments involving decoctions, hot compresses, acupuncture, and stone needles, there are separate specific formulas. The *Yangsheng Fang · Daoyin Fa* (Prescriptions for Health Preservation · Guiding and Pulling Methods) states: Sit squattingly, extend the right foot, embrace the left knee with both hands, straighten the waist, inhale through the nose, and hold the breath to its limit for seven cycles of respiration, then extend the right foot outward. This eliminates difficulty in flexion and extension, bowing and rising, and removes pain and numbness in the shins, as well as wind-related eye disorders and deafness.
It also states: Sit squattingly, extend the left foot, embrace the right knee with both hands, straighten the waist, inhale through the nose, and hold the breath to its limit for seven cycles of respiration, then extend the left foot outward. This eliminates difficulty in flexion and extension, bowing and rising, and removes pain in the shins. Another version states that this method removes wind-induced dim vision and deafness.
It also states: Inhale through the nose while holding the nose with the left hand to remove dim vision and excessive tearing. Inhale through the nose, close the mouth, and hold the breath to its limit for seven cycles of respiration. This removes accumulated blood and Qi stagnation under the hypochondrium.
It also states: Sit upright, straighten the waist, slowly inhale through the nose, hold the nose with the right hand, slowly close the eyes, and exhale. This removes dim vision, painful excessive tearing, nasal polyps, and deafness; it can also remove the aversion to cold and headache associated with Cold Damage (Shanghan), all should be taken until sweating occurs as the limit.
The Five Zang and Six Fu organs all possess Jin-Ye (Body Fluids), which connect to the eyes as tears. If the Qi of the Zang organs is insufficient, it cannot control these fluids, causing natural lacrimation. This is not continuous tearing caused by wind, nor is there original redness or pain.
Yin and Yang Qi both ascend and pour into the eyes. If wind pathogens and Phlegm-Qi invade the Zang-Fu organs, causing imbalance in the deficiency and excess of Zang-Fu Qi, Qi rushes to the eyes. If it does not dissipate for a long time, it transforms into skin nebula (Fu-Yi). Skin nebula refers to objects on the clear surface of the eye resembling fly wings.
This passage discusses Liver insufficiency being invaded by wind-heat pathogens, causing nebula to form on the eyeball. If the nebula does not dissipate for a long time, it gradually grows and invades over the pupil.