嗽者，肺伤微寒故也。寒之伤人，先伤肺者，肺主气，候皮毛，故寒客皮毛，先伤肺也
。其或寒微者，则咳嗽也。
咽中如炙肉脔者，此是胸膈痰结，与气相搏，逆上咽喉之间，结聚，状如炙肉之脔也。
喉痛者，风热毒客于其间故也。十二经脉，有循颊喉者；五脏在内，而经脉循于外。脏气
虚，则经络受邪；邪气搏于脏气，则生热；热乘其脉，热搏咽喉，故令喉痛也。
瘿病者，是气结所成。其状，颈下及皮宽 然，忧恚思虑，动于肾气，肾
气逆，结宕所生。又，诸山州县人，饮沙水多者，沙搏于气，结颈下，亦成瘿也。
吐血者，皆由伤损腑脏所为。夫血外行经络，内荣腑脏。若伤损经络，脏腑则虚，血行
失其常理，气逆者，吐血。又，怒则气逆，甚则呕血。然忧思惊怒，内伤腑脏，气逆上者，
皆吐血也。
口舌出血者，心脾伤损故也。脾气通于口，心气通于舌，而心主血脉，血荣于脏腑，通
于经络。若劳损脏腑，伤动经脉，随其所伤之经虚者，血则妄行。然口舌出血，心脾二脏之
汗血者，肝心二脏虚故也。肝藏血，而心主血脉，心之液为汗。肝是木，心是火，母子
也。血之行，内在腑脏，外通经络。劳伤肝心，其血脉虚者，随液发为汗而出也。
咳嗽，是因为肺受到轻微寒邪侵袭所致。寒邪伤人，首先损伤肺脏，这是因为肺主司气，外合皮毛，所以寒邪客居在皮毛，首先就会伤害到肺。如果寒邪较轻，则表现为咳嗽。
咽喉中有如烤肉块堵塞感，这是由于胸膈部位痰浊凝结，与气机相互搏结，逆冲上至咽喉之间，聚集成块，形状就像烤熟的肉块一样。
喉痛，是由于风热毒邪客居于此所致。十二经脉中，有循行经过面颊和咽喉的；五脏位于体内，而经脉循行于体表。当脏气虚弱时，经络容易受邪；邪气与脏气相搏结，就会产生热象；热邪乘袭经脉，热邪搏结于咽喉，从而导致喉痛。
瘿病（甲状腺肿大类疾病），是由气机郁结所形成。其症状表现为颈部及皮下松弛宽大，多因忧愁愤怒、思虑过度，扰动肾气，导致肾气上逆，结聚于颈部下方而生。另外，居住在山区州县的人，若长期饮用含沙量多的水，沙石之气搏结于气机，凝聚于颈部下方，也会形成瘿病。
吐血，都是由于脏腑受损所致。血液在外运行于经络，在内滋养脏腑。如果经络受损，脏腑就会虚弱，血液运行失去常度，加之气机上逆，就会导致吐血。此外，发怒会导致气机上逆，严重时会出现呕血。然而，无论是忧思还是惊怒，只要内伤脏腑，导致气机上逆，都会引起吐血。
口舌出血，是因为心和脾受损所致。脾气通于口，心气通于舌，且心主血脉，血液滋养脏腑，通达经络。如果劳损脏腑，损伤经脉，随着所受伤虚的经脉，血液就会妄行溢出。因此，口舌出血是心和脾两脏受损的表现。
汗血（出汗中带血），是因为肝和心两脏虚弱所致。肝藏血，心主血脉，心的液为汗。肝属木，心属火，二者为母子关系。血液的运行，内在联系脏腑，外在通达经络。如果劳损伤及肝心，导致血脉虚弱，血液便会随着津液化为汗液而出。
Cough is caused by the lung being injured by slight cold. When cold pathogenic factors injure the human body, they first injure the Lung because the Lung governs Qi and corresponds to the skin and hair (Hou Maopí). Therefore, when cold lodges in the skin and hair, it first injures the Lung. If the cold is slight, it manifests as coughing.
A sensation of a lump like roasted meat in the throat is due to phlegm knotting in the chest and diaphragm, struggling with Qi, reversing upward between the throat and pharynx, and accumulating into a mass resembling a piece of roasted meat.
Sore throat is caused by wind-heat toxic pathogens lodging therein. Among the twelve meridians, some traverse the cheek and throat; the Zang organs are internal, while the meridians circulate externally. When Zang Qi is deficient, the meridians are susceptible to pathogens; when pathogenic factors struggle with Zang Qi, heat is generated; heat attacks the meridians, and heat struggles in the throat, thus causing sore throat.
Goiter disease (Ying Bing) is formed by Qi knotting. Its presentation involves looseness and widening under the skin of the neck, often triggered by worry, anger, and excessive thinking, which disturb Kidney Qi. When Kidney Qi reverses, it knots and hangs down, forming goiter. Additionally, people living in mountainous prefectures who consume much sandy water may develop goiter because sand particles struggle with Qi and knot beneath the neck.
Hematemesis (vomiting blood) is all caused by damage to the Fu and Zang organs. Blood circulates externally in the meridians and internally nourishes the Fu and Zang organs. If meridians are damaged, the Zang and Fu become deficient, blood circulation loses its normal order, and with Qi rebellion, hematemesis occurs. Furthermore, anger causes Qi to rebel, and severely, it leads to vomiting blood. However, whether from worry, thought, shock, or anger, if internal damage to the Zang and Fu organs causes Qi to rebel upward, hematemesis results.
Bleeding from the mouth and tongue is due to injury to the Heart and Spleen. Spleen Qi connects to the mouth, and Heart Qi connects to the tongue. The Heart governs the blood vessels, and blood nourishes the Zang and Fu organs, connecting to the meridians. If labor and exhaustion injure the Zang and Fu, damaging the meridians, blood will act recklessly along the deficient meridians that were injured. Thus, bleeding from the mouth and tongue indicates injury to the Heart and Spleen.
Hemosudor (sweating blood) is due to deficiency of the Liver and Heart. The Liver stores blood, and the Heart governs the blood vessels; the fluid of the Heart is sweat. The Liver belongs to Wood, and the Heart belongs to Fire; they have a mother-son relationship. Blood circulation is internally connected to the Zang and Fu organs and externally to the meridians. Labor and exhaustion injuring the Liver and Heart cause deficiency in the blood vessels, so blood follows the fluid to emerge as sweat.
When a woman's metal wound (Jin Chuang) has not healed and she engages in sexual intercourse, it disturbs Blood and Qi, causing the wound to deteriorate and fail to heal.