序
忆五十年前，我参与整理先师北京四大名医之一汪逢春先生《泊庐医案》，完全原案照抄，类编成册，竟无一言按语。其辨证何以精，立法何以妙，用药何以巧，全靠读者自悟，若非跟师随诊，耳提面命，欲登其室，窥其奥，何其难也!古云：医者，意也。当以意度之，不可言传者也。然非不可言传，是不得其人而不言其秘也。彭、杨二君笃实忠厚，虚心好学，于岐黄致力多多，底蕴既深而悟性又高，随诊于我不离左右者越十春秋。1990年拜师于人民大会堂，甚慰平生之愿。遂将所学，尽救二君。二君亦不孚师望，意之所至，心即领悟，所谓心领神会、触类旁通者也。几年以来，救死扶伤，不避寒暑；偶遇疑难，共参互商；稍得闲暇，问难《灵》《紊》，师徒同心，如影随形，淡古论今，其乐融融。今二君整理医案已竣其事，阅之甚合我心。
其选案甚精，所加按语又直披不传之秘，此或有益于读者、医者与患者，我愿足矣。是为序。
北京中医药大学教授
三代御医之后
赵绍琴
一九九五年十一月十五日
赵绍琴学术经验简介——代前言
赵绍琴，男，汉族，1918年12月4日生于北京。北京中医药大学终身教授，中国中医药学会内科学会顾问，中国医学基金会理事，中国东方文化研究会顾问，第七、八届全国政协委员。
赵师出生于三代御医之家。其曾祖父、祖父和父亲均在清太医院供职为御医。其父文魁公曾任清末太医院院使(正院长)，领衔头品花翎顶戴，民国初年出任北京中医学社名誉社长。赵师自幼熟读医学典籍，得家学传授，于1934年继承父业悬壶北京。后又拜师于太医院御医韩一斋、瞿文楼，和号称北京四大名医之一的汪逢春，跟随三先生临床学习多年，尽得三家名医之真传。1950年赵师参加了卫生部举办的中医进修学校，系统地学习了现代医学知识。1956年北京中医学院(即北京中医药大学的前身)成立，赵师受聘执教，主讲本草学，成为北京中医学院的首批教师之一。1958年以后，赵师长期在北京中医学院附属东直门医院负责中医内科的教学、医疗和科研工作。1977年调任北京中医学院基础部温病教研室主任。
1979年以后以培养硕士研究生为主，先后培养中医温病专业硕士研究生20余名。1990年国家确认其为国家缎名老中医，批准带徒二人。自此他以年逾古稀的高龄临床带敦，将自已宝贵的学术经验毫无保留地传给了他的弟子。
赵师得家传师授，在学术上自成一家，创见颇多。他是当代著名的温病学家，擅长治疗温热病。对叶天士提出的温病卫气营血辨治大法有独到的体会和认识。他认为叶氏所说“在卫汗之”并非应用汗法，而是指辛凉清解而达到汗泄透邪的目的，因此温病初起治法不可言辛凉解表，只能是辛凉清解。这一字之差反映了赵师在学术研究上的一丝不苟严肃认真的治学态度。在温病治疗上赵师尤其善于运用叶天士“透热转气”法救治高热不退、昏迷等危重病证。他把透热转气引申为可以广泛地应用于温病卫气营血各个阶段的治疗大法，以透邪外出为指导原则，取得了很好的治疗效果，大大地发展了叶天士的温病辨治理论。在内科临床方面，赵师以善治疑难重证而著称。其特点是辨证准，立法明，用药步，疗效好。已故著名中医学家秦伯未先生曾盛赞曰“平正轻灵”。赵师创造性地把温病卫气营血的理论应用到内科杂病治疗中，对一些疑难病证主张从营血进行辨证，如白血病、再生障碍性贫血、血小板减少性紫癜、病毒性心肌炎、系统性红斑狼疮、慢性肾小球肾炎、肾病综合征、慢性肾功能衰竭、尿毒症等，均从营血辨治，取得了满意的效果。尤其是对现代医学中慢性肾脏疾病研究更为深入，对中西医学关于慢性肾病的一些传统观点提出质疑，针对性地提出了一系列创新性的理论，如慢性肾病非虚的观点，慢性肾病应当忌食高蛋白食物的观点，慢性肾病应当运动锻炼的观点，慢性肾病可遗传获得的观点，慢性肾功能衰竭可以逆转的观点等。这些观点都是经过了大量的临床实践的检验得到的。这些创新的理论不仅是赵师学术特色的集中体现，而且也是对中医学术发展的重要贡献。
赵师得名师传授，又经60年临床，学术上自成一家。其临床特色十分鲜明。在诊断上特别重视脉诊，强调脉分浮、中、按、沉四部，即把传统的浮中沉三候扩展为浮中按沉四部，在温病中以应卫气营血，在杂病中反映标象和本质的关系，如浮中部所得仅反映疾病的现象，沉按部所得才反映了疾病的实质。实践证明这是把握疾病本质，确定治疗大方向的关键。在用药方面，除了用药步而精外，善用风药是其最为显著的特色之一。所谓风药是指那些质轻气清具有疏解宣透作用的药物，如荆芥、防风、苏叶、白芷、独活、柴胡、升麻、葛根等，其药皆具辛味，性平或温，为传统的解表类药物。赵师对这类风药的运用，其范围远远超出了解表祛邪，而有许多妙用。如用于升阳、疏肝、解郁、宣阳、疏卫、透热转气、胜湿消肿、利水通淋、疏利气机、疏通经络、利咽喉、止搔痒、行药力等等，其妙用不可尽言。非随师侍诊，难以得其一二。
赵师临床特色的另一个方面是重视饮食宜忌和运动锻炼。应当说，忌口是中医传统特色，可惜忌口的重要意义并没有被人们广泛重视。很多人以为医生就是开个药方，忌口不忌口无关紧要。殊不知应当忌口的如果不忌口，那么本来应有的疗效就可能会被某些食物所抵消。如《内经》强调：“热病稍愈，当何禁之?食肉则复，多食则遗。此其禁也。”就是一个很好的例子。赵师在临床上特别强调忌口，例如治疗慢性肾病时有一张专门的饮食调控单，上面开列哪些忌食，哪些直食。实践证明治疗忌口的意义十分重大，直接影响到治疗的效果。另一个值得重视的问题是病人的运动锻炼，也是配合治疗的重要方面。这里要解决一个认识问题，过去很多病以养为主，这是认识上的误区。要辨证地看待动与静的关系，适度运动对于治病对于养生都是十分重要的。赵师在临床上常常给病人开出一张运动处方，以配合药物治疗。这种见解确实高人一筹。
我等有幸拜师于赵绍琴教授，随师侍诊，聆听敦诲，已十余年。深感赵师学术经验之可贵。师恩深厚，无以为报。今在赵师指导下，精选其临证验案整理加按，公诸于世，以与同道共享。其闻纰漏在我，是学力未达也。如欲深求赵师之学术真谛，有其所发表论文近百篇，及著作数部如《温病浅谈》、《温病纵横》、《赵文魁医案选》、《文魁脉学》、《赵绍琴四百法》等可供研究学习。更有全面系统反映其学术思想的总结性之著《赵绍琴内科学》正在整理之中，不久即可问世。我们翘首以盼。
赵绍琴教授学术继承人 彭建中 杨连柱 1995年10月
风温(上呼吸道感染)
周某，女，50岁。
初诊
身热头痛，体温38 3℃，微恶风寒，无汗咳嗽，咽红且痛，口微渴，舌边尖红，苔薄白，两脉浮数。风温之邪，侵袭肺卫，用辛凉疏卫方法，以宣肺退热。饮食当慎，荤腥宜忌。
薄荷1.5克(后下)，前胡6克，浙贝12克，桑叶9克，银花9克，连翘15克，淡豆豉9克，炒牛蒡3克，芦根30克，二付
二诊
药后小汗而头痛身热皆止，体温37℃，咳嗽有痰，咽红，已不痛，口干，舌苔白而尖红，脉象已变弦滑。风热已解，肺热留恋，再以清解肃化法。
薄荷1.5克(后下)，前胡3克，黄芩9克，杏仁9克，芦茅根各30克，焦三仙各9克，二付
药后诸恙皆安。
[按]：患者发热恶寒，头痛无汗，表证悉具，与风寒无异。唯其咽红且痛，即可定为温邪。若为风寒之邪，咽必不红。以此为辨，则寒温立判。况又有口微渴、舌边尖红、脉浮数为佐证，其为风温犯肺无疑。故投以辛凉平剂，疏卫达邪。药后得汗而热退。再以清宣，以泄余热。观此案可知叶氏“在卫汗之可也”之心法，汗之并非发汗，而是轻宣疏卫，卫分开则自然微微汗出而邪自外泄。赵师用药，轻清灵动，正合吴鞠通“治上焦如羽，非轻不举”之义。秦伯未誉之“平正轻灵。”名不虚传。
风温2(化脓性扁桃腺炎)
张某某，男30岁
初诊
二日来身热不甚，但咳，痰吐不多，口微渴而苔薄白，病已两天，本属风热侵犯于卫，肺失宣降，应服桑菊饮治之。但误服桂枝汤一剂，并饮红糖生姜水取汗。今晨身热颇壮，体温39.7℃，咽红肿痛，且有自腐，咳嗽，痰中带血，胸宇刺痛，头痛日干，渴饮思凉，两脉弦滑且数，舌绛干裂，心烦，昨夜不能入睡，今晨神志不清，大有神昏谵语之势。本为风热犯卫，肺失清肃，前医错认为风寒犯表，以辛温之剂，发汗解表，孰不知汗为心液，误汗伤阴。况本为热邪，而又用辛热之品，势必促其温热内陷，神昏谵语。急以宣气热兼以疏卫，凉营分以开神明之法。此风温化热，逆传心包，防其增重。
蝉衣3克，僵蚕6克，连翘12克，银花12克，杏仁9克，片姜黄6克，竹茹9克，菖蒲9克，鲜茅芦根各30克，生石膏24克，一付
二诊
药后身热渐退，体温39.1℃，神志较清，咽红肿痛皆减，干咳，痰中血渍来见，昨夜已得安睡。昨进疏卫凉营之剂，今日神苏热减，病势好转，再以前方加减为治。
前胡3克，僵蚕6克，蝉衣3克，连翘9克，银花12克，姜黄6克，知母6克，生石膏15克，焦三仙各9克，鲜茅芦根各30克，二付
三诊
身热退净，体温37.2℃，咽红肿痛已止，咳嗽已徽，夜寐较安，大便通而小溲短少，舌白苔厚腻，质略红，两脉弦滑皆细，数象已无。温邪误汗以后，阴分已伤，前服清热凉营之剂，病势大减。再以清气热、肃降化痰之法。
生紫菀3克，前胡3克，杏仁6克，川贝6克，黄芩6克，鲜茅芦根各30克，焦三仙各9克，三付
四诊
病已基本痊愈，仍有一二声咳嗽，原方继进三付，再休息一周，忌荤腥甜黏之味即愈。
[按]：此为风温误治案。本属风温袭肺，若投辛凉轻剂桑菊饮轻清宣透即愈。医者误作风寒，用桂枝汤并姜汤发其汗。汗虽出而阴益伤，热益重，咽肿白腐，神识将昏矣。温病忌汗，犯其禁必祸不旋踵。此时病机虽属邪陷心包，而论治法则不可骤用寒凉。宜仿叶天士透热转气之法，透邪外出，则不致内闭生息。故用以疏调气机见长的升降散，合银翘透邪于外，杏仁宣肺于上，菖蒲开窍于中，茅芦根分消于下，三焦通畅，内外和调，内陷之温邪外泄有路，故药后即见转机。此透热转气之法，与单执寒凉以疗热病者迥异。若一见神昏，便投三宝之类，则恐寒凉闭郁气机，内陷之邪更难外透矣。赵师常言，叶氏透热转气之法乃温病第一要法，适用于卫气营血各个阶段，其奥义就在于给邪气以出路。本案的治疗正体现了这一指导思想。
风温3(上呼嗳道感染)
李某某，男，21岁
初诊：
身热不甚，但咳微渴，体温37.8℃，舌苔薄白，咽红微痛，脉象浮数。本是风温之邪，侵于肺卫，肺失宣降，应予桑菊饮加减为法。今误用辛温发汗之药治之(麻黄、杏仁、炙草)，药后发热剧增，体温39℃，脉象滑数，咽红肿痛，舌红苔黄燥。本是风热，过用辛温，既发汗以伤阴，又助热以化燥，故高烧咽红且肿，势将发热增重，姑以清润宣肺，肃化清解。防其咳嗽暴作，饮食宜慎。
沙参12克，浙川贝母各6克，杏仁9克，炒栀皮6克，淡竹叶3克，连翘9克，黄芩9克，鲜芦根24克，鲜梨一个(连皮去核切片)，二付
二诊
前服甘寒清润之后，身热大减，体温37.5℃，咽红肿略退，脉象从浮数已转为滑数，舌红苔黄，大便略干小便短赤。
昨服甘寒清润，阴复而热减，再以甘寒养阴折热。辛辣油黏皆忌。
浙川贝母各9克，沙参15克，杏仁9克，麦冬9克，炙杷叶15克，黛蛤散15克(布包)，瓜蒌仁24克，鲜梨皮二枚，洗净切片，三付
三诊
身热退净，体温36.7℃，咽红肿痛皆愈，饮食二便正常。
原方续服三付而康复。
[按]：本案与上案均为风温初起即误服辛温发汗之剂而致病情陡然加剧。然救误之法却各不相同。本案患者因素体阴虚，加之服麻黄剂过汗伤阴，故于清解之中，参以甘润养阴。服后便得热退。转方甘寒养阴兼以折热，以为善后之计。观此可知，温病宜刻刻顾护阴液，岂可发汗以重伤其阴耶！
序
回想五十年前，我参与整理恩师、北京四大名医之一汪逢春先生的《泊庐医案》，完全照抄原案，分类编册，竟然没有一句按语。他的辨证为何如此精妙，立法为何如此巧妙，用药为何如此灵巧，全靠读者自行领悟。如果不是跟随老师临诊，得到老师的当面教导和指点，想要达到他的高深境界，窥探其中的奥秘，是多么困难啊！古话说：医者，意也（医生的诊疗需要运用思维意念去揣摩）。应当用心去揣度，这是无法用言语完全传授的。然而并非不能言传，只是没有找到合适的人所以不透露秘密罢了。彭君和杨君为人笃实忠厚，虚心好学，在岐黄之术（中医）上投入了巨大的精力，底蕴深厚且悟性极高，跟随我临诊不离左右长达十年。1990年他们在人民大会堂正式拜我为师，这极大地安慰了我平生之愿。于是我将所学毫无保留地传授给这两位学生。两位学生也没有辜负老师的期望，心意所到之处，心中即刻领悟，这就是所谓的心领神会、触类旁通。这几年以来，他们救死扶伤，不畏寒暑；偶尔遇到疑难病症，共同研究商讨；稍得闲暇，便一起探讨《灵枢》《素问》，师徒同心，如影随形，淡泊古今，其乐融融。如今两位学生整理医案的工作已经完成，阅读后非常符合我的心意。
他们选录的医案非常精当，所加的按语又直接揭示了不传之秘，这对读者、医者和患者或许都有益处，我的愿望也就满足了。这就是序言。
北京中医药大学教授
三代御医之后
赵绍琴
一九九五年十一月十五日
赵绍琴学术经验简介——代前言
赵绍琴，男，汉族，1918年12月4日出生于北京。他是北京中医药大学终身教授，中国中医药学会内科学会顾问，中国医学基金会理事，中国东方文化研究会顾问，第七、八届全国政协委员。
赵老师出生于三代御医之家。他的曾祖父、祖父和父亲都在清太医院供职担任御医。他的父亲赵文魁曾任清末太医院院使（正院长），领衔佩戴头品花翎顶戴，民国初年出任北京中医学社名誉社长。赵老师自幼熟读医学典籍，接受家学传授，于1934年继承父业在北京行医。后来又拜师于太医院御医韩一斋、瞿文楼，以及号称北京四大名医之一的汪逢春，跟随三位先生临床学习多年，尽得三家名医的真传。1950年赵老师参加了卫生部举办的中医进修学校，系统地学习了现代医学知识。1956年北京中医学院（即北京中医药大学的前身）成立，赵老师受聘执教，主讲本草学，成为北京中医学院的首批教师之一。1958年以后，赵老师长期在北京中医学院附属东直门医院负责中医内科的教学、医疗和科研工作。1977年调任北京中医学院基础部温病教研室主任。
1979年以后以培养硕士研究生为主，先后培养了中医温病专业硕士研究生20余名。1990年国家确认其为国家著名老中医，批准带徒二人。自此他以年逾古稀的高龄临床带教，将自己宝贵的学术经验毫无保留地传给了他的弟子。
赵老师得家传师授，在学术上自成一家，创见颇多。他是当代著名的温病学家，擅长治疗温热病。对叶天士提出的温病卫气营血辨治大法有独到的体会和认识。他认为叶氏所说“在卫汗之”并非应用汗法，而是指辛凉清解而达到汗泄透邪的目的，因此温病初起治法不可言辛凉解表，只能是辛凉清解。这一字之差反映了赵老师在学术研究上的一丝不苟严肃认真的治学态度。在温病治疗上赵老师尤其善于运用叶天士“透热转气”法救治高热不退、昏迷等危重病证。他把透热转气引申为可以广泛地应用于温病卫气营血各个阶段的治疗大法，以透邪外出为指导原则，取得了很好的治疗效果，大大地发展了叶天士的温病辨治理论。在内科临床方面，赵老师以善治疑难重证而著称。其特点是辨证准，立法明，用药稳，疗效好。已故著名中医学家秦伯未先生曾盛赞曰“平正轻灵”。赵老师创造性地把温病卫气营血的理论应用到内科杂病治疗中，对一些疑难病证主张从营血进行辨证，如白血病、再生障碍性贫血、血小板减少性紫癜、病毒性心肌炎、系统性红斑狼疮、慢性肾小球肾炎、肾病综合征、慢性肾功能衰竭、尿毒症等，均从营血辨治，取得了满意的效果。尤其是对现代医学中慢性肾脏疾病研究更为深入，对中西医学关于慢性肾病的一些传统观点提出质疑，针对性地提出了一系列创新性的理论，如慢性肾病非虚的观点，慢性肾病应当忌食高蛋白食物的观点，慢性肾病应当运动锻炼的观点，慢性肾病可遗传获得的观点，慢性肾功能衰竭可以逆转的观点等。这些观点都是经过了大量的临床实践的检验得到的。这些创新的理论不仅是赵老师学术特色的集中体现，而且也是对中医学术发展的重要贡献。
赵老师得名师传授，又经60年临床，学术上自成一家。其临床特色十分鲜明。在诊断上特别重视脉诊，强调脉分浮、中、按、沉四部，即把传统的浮中沉三候扩展为浮中按沉四部，在温病中以应卫气营血，在杂病中反映标象和本质的关系，如浮中部所得仅反映疾病的现象，沉按部所得才反映了疾病的实质。实践证明这是把握疾病本质，确定治疗大方向的关键。在用药方面，除了用药稳而精外，善用风药是其最为显著的特色之一。所谓风药是指那些质轻气清具有疏解宣透作用的药物，如荆芥、防风、苏叶、白芷、独活、柴胡、升麻、葛根等，其药皆具辛味，性平或温，为传统的解表类药物。赵老师对这类风药的运用，其范围远远超出了解表祛邪，而有许多妙用。如用于升阳、疏肝、解郁、宣阳、疏卫、透热转气、胜湿消肿、利水通淋、疏利气机、疏通经络、利咽喉、止搔痒、行药力等等，其妙用不可尽言。非随师侍诊，难以得其一二。
赵老师临床特色的另一个方面是重视饮食宜忌和运动锻炼。应当说，忌口是中医传统特色，可惜忌口的重要意义并没有被人们广泛重视。很多人以为医生就是开个药方，忌口不忌口无关紧要。殊不知应当忌口的如果不忌口，那么本来应有的疗效就可能会被某些食物所抵消。如《内经》强调：“热病稍愈，当何禁之?食肉则复，多食则遗。此其禁也。”就是一个很好的例子。赵老师在临床上特别强调忌口，例如治疗慢性肾病时有一张专门的饮食调控单，上面开列哪些忌食，哪些宜食。实践证明治疗忌口的意义十分重大，直接影响到治疗的效果。另一个值得重视的问题是病人的运动锻炼，也是配合治疗的重要方面。这里要解决一个认识问题，过去很多病以养为主，这是认识上的误区。要辨证地看待动与静的关系，适度运动对于治病对于养生都是十分重要的。赵老师在临床上常常给病人开出一张运动处方，以配合药物治疗。这种见解确实高人一筹。
我们有幸拜师于赵绍琴教授，跟随老师侍诊，聆听教诲，已十余年。深感赵老师学术经验之可贵。师恩深厚，无以为报。今在赵老师指导下，精选其临证验案整理加按，公诸于世，以与同道共享。其中若有纰漏在于我们，是学力未达也。如欲深求赵老师之学术真谛，有其所发表论文近百篇，及著作数部如《温病浅谈》、《温病纵横》、《赵文魁医案选》、《文魁脉学》、《赵绍琴四百法》等可供研究学习。更有全面系统反映其学术思想的总结性之著《赵绍琴内科学》正在整理之中，不久即可问世。我们翘首以盼。
周某，女，50岁。
初诊
身体发热头痛，体温38.3℃，轻微恶风寒，无汗咳嗽，咽部红且痛，口微渴，舌边尖红，苔薄白，两脉浮数。风温之邪，侵袭肺卫，用辛凉疏卫方法，以宣肺退热。饮食应当谨慎，荤腥食物应当禁忌。
薄荷1.5克(后下)，前胡6克，浙贝12克，桑叶9克，银花9克，连翘15克，淡豆豉9克，炒牛蒡3克，芦根30克，二付
二诊
服药后微微出汗而头痛身热都停止，体温37℃，咳嗽有痰，咽红，已经不痛，口干，舌苔白而尖红，脉象已变弦滑。风热已解，肺热留恋，再以清解肃化法。
薄荷1.5克(后下)，前胡3克，黄芩9克，杏仁9克，芦茅根各30克，焦三仙各9克，二付
服药后各种症状都安宁。
[按]：患者发热恶寒，头痛无汗，表证全部具备，与风寒无异。唯独其咽红且痛，即可定为温邪。若为风寒之邪，咽必不红。以此为辨别，则寒温立刻判断出来。况且又有口微渴、舌边尖红、脉浮数为佐证，其为风温犯肺无疑。故投以辛凉平剂，疏卫达邪。服药后得汗而热退。再以清宣，以泄余热。观此案可知叶氏“在卫汗之可也”之心法，汗之并非发汗，而是轻宣疏卫，卫分开则自然微微汗出而邪自外泄。赵老师用药，轻清灵动，正合吴鞠通“治上焦如羽，非轻不举”之义。秦伯未誉之“平正轻灵。”名不虚传。
张某某，男30岁
初诊
两天来身体发热不甚，但咳嗽，痰吐不多，口微渴而苔薄白，病已两天，本属风热侵犯于卫，肺失宣降，应服桑菊饮治之。但误服桂枝汤一剂，并饮红糖生姜水取汗。今晨身体发热颇壮，体温39.7℃，咽红肿痛，且有自腐，咳嗽，痰中带血，胸宇刺痛，头痛日干，渴饮思凉，两脉弦滑且数，舌绛干裂，心烦，昨夜不能入睡，今晨神志不清，大有神昏谵语之势。本为风热犯卫，肺失清肃，前医错认为风寒犯表，以辛温之剂，发汗解表，孰不知汗为心液，误汗伤阴。况本为热邪，而又用辛热之品，势必促其温热内陷，神昏谵语。急以宣气热兼以疏卫，凉营分以开神明之法。此风温化热，逆传心包，防其增重。
蝉衣3克，僵蚕6克，连翘12克，银花12克，杏仁9克，片姜黄6克，竹茹9克，菖蒲9克，鲜茅芦根各30克，生石膏24克，一付
二诊
服药后身体发热渐退，体温39.1℃，神志较清，咽红肿痛皆减，干咳，痰中血渍未见，昨夜已得安睡。昨进疏卫凉营之剂，今日神苏热减，病势好转，再以前方加减为治。
前胡3克，僵蚕6克，蝉衣3克，连翘9克，银花12克，姜黄6克，知母6克，生石膏15克，焦三仙各9克，鲜茅芦根各30克，二付
三诊
身体发热退净，体温37.2℃，咽红肿痛已止，咳嗽已微，夜寐较安，大便通而小溲短少，舌白苔厚腻，质略红，两脉弦滑皆细，数象已无。温邪误汗以后，阴分已伤，前服清热凉营之剂，病势大减。再以清气热、肃降化痰之法。
生紫菀3克，前胡3克，杏仁6克，川贝6克，黄芩6克，鲜茅芦根各30克，焦三仙各9克，三付
四诊
病已基本痊愈，仍有一二声咳嗽，原方继进三付，再休息一周，忌荤腥甜黏之味即愈。
[按]：此为风温误治案。本属风温袭肺，若投辛凉轻剂桑菊饮轻清宣透即愈。医者误作风寒，用桂枝汤并姜汤发其汗。汗虽出而阴益伤，热益重，咽肿白腐，神识将昏矣。温病忌汗，犯其禁必祸不旋踵。此时病机虽属邪陷心包，而论治法则不可骤用寒凉。宜仿叶天士透热转气之法，透邪外出，则不致内闭生息。故用以疏调气机见长的升降散，合银翘透邪于外，杏仁宣肺于上，菖蒲开窍于中，茅芦根分消于下，三焦通畅，内外和调，内陷之温邪外泄有路，故药后即见转机。此透热转气之法，与单执寒凉以疗热病者迥异。若一见神昏，便投三宝之类，则恐寒凉闭郁气机，内陷之邪更难外透矣。赵老师常言，叶氏透热转气之法乃温病第一要法，适用于卫气营血各个阶段，其奥义就在于给邪气以出路。本案的治疗正体现了这一指导思想。
李某某，男，21岁
初诊：
身体发热不甚，但咳微渴，体温37.8℃，舌苔薄白，咽红微痛，脉象浮数。本是风温之邪，侵于肺卫，肺失宣降，应予桑菊饮加减为法。今误用辛温发汗之药治之(麻黄、杏仁、炙草)，药后发热剧增，体温39℃，脉象滑数，咽红肿痛，舌红苔黄燥。本是风热，过用辛温，既发汗以伤阴，又助热以化燥，故高烧咽红且肿，势将发热增重，姑以清润宣肺，肃化清解。防其咳嗽暴作，饮食宜慎。
沙参12克，浙川贝母各6克，杏仁9克，炒栀皮6克，淡竹叶3克，连翘9克，黄芩9克，鲜芦根24克，鲜梨一个(连皮去核切片)，二付
二诊
前服甘寒清润之后，身体发热大减，体温37.5℃，咽红肿略退，脉象从浮数已转为滑数，舌红苔黄，大便略干小便短赤。
浙川贝母各9克，沙参15克，杏仁9克，麦冬9克，炙杷叶15克，黛蛤散15克(布包)，瓜蒌仁24克，鲜梨皮二枚，洗净切片，三付
三诊
原方续服三付而康复。
[按]：本案与上案均为风温初起即误服辛温发汗之剂而致病情陡然加剧。然救误之法却各不相同。本案患者因素体阴虚，加之服麻黄剂过汗伤阴，故于清解之中，参以甘润养阴。服后便得热退。转方甘寒养阴兼以折热，以为善后之计。观此可知，温病宜刻刻顾护阴液，岂可发汗以重伤其阴耶！
Preface
Recalling fifty years ago, I participated in organizing the "Bolou Medical Cases" of my late teacher, Mr. Wang Fengchun, one of the Four Famous Doctors of Beijing. We copied the original cases exactly and compiled them into volumes without a single comment. How could his syndrome differentiation be so precise, his treatment principles so ingenious, and his prescription skills so clever? It all relied on the reader's own comprehension. If one had not followed the teacher for clinical consultations and received face-to-face guidance, how difficult it would be to reach his level and penetrate his profound secrets! The ancients said: "Medicine is about intent (Yi)." One must use one's mind to infer; it cannot be fully conveyed through words. However, it is not that it cannot be taught, but rather that the secrets are withheld unless the right person is found. Mr. Peng and Mr. Yang were honest, sincere, humble, and eager to learn. They devoted much effort to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), possessing deep foundations and high perceptiveness. They accompanied me during clinical consultations, staying by my side for over ten years. In 1990, they formally became my disciples at the Great Hall of the People, fulfilling a lifelong wish of mine. Thus, I imparted everything I knew to these two students. They did not disappoint my expectations; wherever my intent lay, their minds immediately grasped it. This is what is meant by "mental assimilation and understanding" and "grasping the general principle from specific instances." For several years, they have saved lives and helped the injured, undeterred by cold or heat; when encountering difficult cases, we studied and discussed them together; during spare time, we questioned and discussed the *Ling Shu* and *Su Wen*. Master and disciple were of one heart, like shadows following a form, discussing ancient and modern times with indifference and joy. Now that the two students have completed the compilation of medical cases, reading them aligns perfectly with my wishes.
Their selection of cases is exquisite, and the added comments directly reveal secret teachings. This may benefit readers, practitioners, and patients alike, which fulfills my wish. This is the preface.
Professor, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
Descendant of Three Generations of Imperial Physicians
Zhao Shaoqin
November 15, 1995
Introduction to the Academic Experience of Zhao Shaoqin — Prologue
Zhao Shaoqin, male, Han ethnicity, born in Beijing on December 4, 1918. He was a lifetime professor at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, advisor to the Internal Medicine Society of the China Association of Chinese Medicine, director of the China Medical Foundation, advisor to the China Oriental Culture Research Society, and a member of the Seventh and Eighth National Committees of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
Master Zhao was born into a family of three generations of imperial physicians. His great-grandfather, grandfather, and father all served as imperial physicians in the Qing Dynasty's Imperial Medical Bureau. His father, Mr. Wenkui, served as the Director of the Imperial Medical Bureau in the late Qing Dynasty, holding the highest rank with a peacock feather hat ornament. In the early Republic of China, he served as the honorary president of the Beijing Chinese Medicine Society. Master Zhao read medical classics thoroughly since childhood, received family instruction, and began practicing medicine in Beijing in 1934, inheriting his father's profession. Later, he studied under imperial physicians Han Yizhai and Qu Wenlou from the Imperial Medical Bureau, and Wang Fengchun, one of the Four Famous Doctors of Beijing. He studied clinically with these three masters for many years, mastering their true traditions. In 1950, Master Zhao attended a TCM advanced training school organized by the Ministry of Health, systematically learning modern medical knowledge. In 1956, when the Beijing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (the predecessor of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine) was established, Master Zhao was appointed as a lecturer, teaching Materia Medica, becoming one of the first batch of teachers at the college. After 1958, Master Zhao was responsible for the teaching, clinical practice, and scientific research of internal medicine in TCM at the Dongzhimen Hospital affiliated with the Beijing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine for a long period. In 1977, he was transferred to serve as the Director of the Warm Disease Teaching and Research Office in the Basic Department of the Beijing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
After 1979, he focused on training master's degree students, cultivating more than 20 master's students in the field of warm diseases in TCM. In 1990, the state recognized him as a famous old Chinese medicine practitioner and approved him to take two apprentices. From then on, at the age of over seventy, he supervised clinical teaching, passing on his precious academic experience to his disciples without reservation.
Benefiting from family inheritance and master's instruction, Master Zhao formed his own academic school with many creative insights. He is a contemporary famous expert in warm diseases, skilled in treating warm-heat diseases. He has unique understanding and cognition of Ye Tianshi's major principles of syndrome differentiation and treatment based on Wei, Qi, Ying, and Blood levels in warm diseases. He believed that Ye's statement "Sweat those in the Wei level" does not refer to applying sweating methods, but rather using acrid-cool clearing and resolving to achieve the goal of sweating out pathogens. Therefore, the treatment method for the initial stage of warm diseases should not be called acrid-cool releasing the exterior, but only acrid-cool clearing and resolving. This difference of one word reflects Master Zhao's rigorous and serious attitude towards academic research. In the treatment of warm diseases, Master Zhao is particularly skilled in using Ye Tianshi's method of "venting heat to transform qi" to save critically ill patients with persistent high fever and coma. He extended this method to a major treatment principle applicable to all stages of Wei, Qi, Ying, and Blood levels in warm diseases, guided by the principle of venting pathogens outward, achieving excellent therapeutic effects and greatly developing Ye Tianshi's theory of warm disease differentiation and treatment. In internal medicine clinical practice, Master Zhao was renowned for treating difficult and severe syndromes. His characteristics were accurate syndrome differentiation, clear treatment principles, stable medication, and good efficacy. The late famous TCM scholar Mr. Qin Bowei once praised him highly as "balanced, correct, light, and agile." Master Zhao creatively applied the theory of Wei, Qi, Ying, and Blood levels in warm diseases to the treatment of miscellaneous internal diseases. For some difficult syndromes, he advocated differentiating from the Ying and Blood levels, such as leukemia, aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenic purpura, viral myocarditis, systemic lupus erythematosus, chronic glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, chronic renal failure, and uremia. Treating these from the Ying and Blood levels achieved satisfactory results. Especially in the study of chronic kidney diseases in modern medicine, he delved deeper, questioning some traditional views of both Chinese and Western medicine regarding chronic kidney disease. He proposed a series of innovative theories, such as the view that chronic kidney disease is not deficiency, that high-protein foods should be avoided, that exercise is necessary, that chronic kidney disease can be hereditary, and that chronic renal failure can be reversed. These views were verified through extensive clinical practice. These innovative theories not only embody the concentrated characteristics of Master Zhao's academics but also make important contributions to the development of TCM academia.
Having been taught by famous masters and undergoing 60 years of clinical practice, Master Zhao formed his own academic school. His clinical characteristics were very distinct. In diagnosis, he particularly valued pulse diagnosis, emphasizing dividing the pulse into four parts: Floating, Middle, Pressing, and Deep. That is, expanding the traditional three positions (Floating, Middle, Deep) to four (Floating, Middle, Pressing, Deep). In warm diseases, this corresponds to the Wei, Qi, Ying, and Blood levels; in miscellaneous diseases, it reflects the relationship between symptoms and essence. For example, the information obtained from the Floating and Middle parts only reflects the phenomena of the disease, while the information from the Pressing and Deep parts reflects the essence of the disease. Practical experience proves this is key to grasping the essence of the disease and determining the main direction of treatment. In medication, besides being stable and precise, his most significant characteristic was the skillful use of Wind herbs. Wind herbs refer to drugs with light quality and clear qi that have dispersing, unblocking, and venting effects, such as Schizonepetae Herba (Jingjie), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), Perillae Folium (Zisuye), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi), Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (Duhuo), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu), Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma), and Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen). These drugs all have an acrid taste and neutral or warm nature, belonging to traditional exterior-releasing categories. Master Zhao's application of these wind herbs far exceeded exterior-releasing and pathogen-expelling, having many subtle uses. Such as raising yang, soothing liver, resolving depression, ventilating yang, dispersing wei, venting heat to transform qi, overcoming dampness and reducing swelling, promoting urination and unblocking strangury, regulating qi mechanism, unblocking meridians, benefiting the throat, relieving itching, and enhancing drug potency, etc. Their subtle uses cannot be fully described. Without accompanying the master for clinical consultations, it is difficult to grasp even a fraction of them.
Another aspect of Master Zhao's clinical characteristics is the emphasis on dietary taboos and exercise.应该说, dietary restriction is a traditional feature of TCM, unfortunately, its importance has not been widely valued by people. Many think that doctors just prescribe medicine, and whether one restricts diet or not is irrelevant. Little do they know that if one does not observe necessary dietary restrictions, the expected therapeutic effect might be canceled out by certain foods. As emphasized in the *Nei Jing*: "When a febrile disease is slightly recovering, what should be prohibited? Eating meat causes relapse, eating too much leaves residual pathogenic factors. This is the prohibition." This is a good example. Master Zhao particularly emphasized dietary restrictions in clinical practice. For example, when treating chronic kidney disease, there was a specific dietary control list specifying what to avoid and what to eat. Practical experience proved that the significance of dietary restriction in treatment is huge, directly affecting the therapeutic effect. Another issue worth attention is patient exercise, which is also an important aspect of cooperating with treatment. Here, a cognitive issue needs to be resolved. In the past, many diseases were treated mainly with rest, which was a misconception. One must dialectically view the relationship between movement and stillness; moderate exercise is extremely important for curing diseases and preserving health. Master Zhao often prescribed an exercise regimen for patients to cooperate with drug treatment. This insight is indeed superior.
We were fortunate to become disciples of Professor Zhao Shaoqin, accompanying him for clinical consultations and listening to his teachings for over ten years. We deeply feel the preciousness of Master Zhao's academic experience. His kindness as a teacher is profound, and we have no way to repay it. Now, under Master Zhao's guidance, we have carefully selected his clinical verified cases, added comments, and published them to share with colleagues. Any errors are due to our insufficient learning power. If one wishes to seek the true essence of Master Zhao's academics, there are nearly 100 papers he published, and several books such as *Brief Discussion on Warm Diseases*, *Longitudinal and Horizontal Study of Warm Diseases*, *Selected Cases of Zhao Wenkui*, *Wenkui Pulse Studies*, *Four Hundred Methods of Zhao Shaoqin*, etc., available for study. Furthermore, a comprehensive summary work reflecting his academic thoughts, *Internal Medicine of Zhao Shaoqin*, is currently being compiled and will be published soon. We look forward to it eagerly.
Academic Successors of Professor Zhao Shaoqin: Peng Jianzhong, Yang Lianzhu
October 1995
Warm Wind 1 (Upper Respiratory Tract Infection)
Patient Zhou, female, 50 years old.
First Visit
Body fever, headache, body temperature 38.3°C, slight aversion to wind and cold, no sweat, cough, red and painful throat, slight thirst, red edges and tip of tongue, thin white coating, floating and rapid pulses on both sides. Pathogenic Warm Wind invades the Lung and Wei (Defensive) levels. Use acrid-cool methods to disperse the Defensive level to ventilate the Lung and reduce fever. Diet should be cautious; avoid meat and fish.
Schizonepetae Herba (Jingjie) 1.5g (added later), Peucedani Radix (Qianhu) 6g, Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus (Zhebei) 12g, Mori Folium (Sangye) 9g, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (Yinhua) 9g, Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao) 15g, Sojae Preparata (Dansh douchi) 9g, Arnotis Semen (Niubangzi) stir-fried 3g, Imperatae Rhizoma (Lugen) 30g. Two doses.
Second Visit
After taking the medicine, slight sweat occurred, and headache and body fever stopped. Body temperature 37°C. Cough with phlegm, red throat, no longer painful, dry mouth. Tongue coating white with red tip, pulse changed to wiry and slippery. Wind-heat has resolved, but Lung heat lingers. Continue with clearing, resolving, and descending transformation method.
Schizonepetae Herba (Jingjie) 1.5g (added later), Peucedani Radix (Qianhu) 3g, Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) 9g, Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren) 9g, Imperatae Rhizoma (Lugen) and Imperatae Rhizoma (Maogen) 30g each, Jiao Sanxian (Scorched Three Immortals) 9g each. Two doses.
All symptoms settled after taking the medicine.
[Comment]: The patient had fever, aversion to cold, headache, and no sweat; all exterior signs were present, indistinguishable from Cold-Factor. Only the red and painful throat indicates Warm Pathogen. If it were Cold-Factor, the throat would not be red. Using this distinction, Cold and Warm are immediately differentiated. Moreover, slight thirst, red edges and tip of tongue, and floating-rapid pulse corroborate this. It is undoubtedly Warm Wind invading the Lung. Therefore, administer a neutral acrid-cool formula to disperse the Defensive level and expel pathogens. After taking the medicine, sweat occurred and fever subsided. Then use clearing and ventilating methods to drain residual heat. Observing this case reveals Ye Tianshi's mental method of "Sweating those in the Wei level is acceptable"; sweating here does not mean inducing heavy sweat, but lightly ventilating and dispersing the Defensive level. When the Defensive level opens, slight sweat naturally occurs, and pathogens exit outward. Master Zhao's medication is light, clear, and agile, conforming to Wu Jutong's meaning of "Treating the Upper Jiao is like feathers; only light substances can lift." Qin Bowei praised it as "balanced, correct, light, and agile." The reputation is well-deserved.
Warm Wind 2 (Purulent Tonsillitis)
Patient Zhang, male, 30 years old.
First Visit
For two days, body fever was not severe, only coughing, little phlegm, slight thirst, thin white coating. The illness has lasted two days, originally belonging to Wind-Heat invading the Wei level, Lung failing to diffuse and descend. Should have taken Sang Ju Yin. But mistakenly took Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) for one dose, and drank brown sugar and ginger water to induce sweat. This morning, body fever is quite strong, body temperature 39.7°C, throat red, swollen, painful, with self-corrosion/ulceration, coughing, blood in sputum, chest stabbing pain, daily headache, thirsty for cool drinks, wiry-slippery-rapid pulses on both sides, crimson dry-cracked tongue, vexation, unable to sleep last night, unclear consciousness this morning, showing signs of coma and delirious speech. Originally Wind-Heat invading Wei, Lung losing clear and pure function. Previous doctor mistakenly thought it was Cold-Factor invading the exterior, used acrid-warm agents to induce sweat and release the exterior. Who knew that sweat is the fluid of the Heart; mistaken sweating damages Yin. Moreover, since it is Heat Pathogen, using acrid-hot substances will inevitably promote the inward sinking of warm-heat, leading to coma and delirium. Urgently use methods to ventilate Qi-level heat and disperse the Defensive level, cool the Ying (Nutrient) level to open the spirit. This is Warm Wind transforming into heat, counter-transmitting to the Pericardium. Prevent worsening.
Bombyx Batryticatus (Chan Yi) 3g, Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiangcan) 6g, Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao) 12g, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (Yinhua) 12g, Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren) 9g, Curcumae Radix (Pian Jianghuang) 6g, Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam (Zhuru) 9g, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (Changpu) 9g, Fresh Imperatae Rhizoma (Maogen) and Imperatae Rhizoma (Lugen) 30g each, Gypsum Fibrosum (Sheng Shigao) 24g. One dose.
Second Visit
After taking the medicine, body fever gradually subsided, body temperature 39.1°C, consciousness clearer, throat red/swollen/pain reduced, dry cough, no blood stains in sputum, slept peacefully last night. Yesterday administered dispersing Defensive and cooling Ying agents; today spirit recovered, heat reduced, condition improved. Continue with modified previous prescription.
Peucedani Radix (Qianhu) 3g, Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiangcan) 6g, Bombyx Batryticatus (Chan Yi) 3g, Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao) 9g, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (Yinhua) 12g, Curcumae Radix (Jianghuang) 6g, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu) 6g, Gypsum Fibrosum (Sheng Shigao) 15g, Jiao Sanxian (Scorched Three Immortals) 9g each, Fresh Imperatae Rhizoma (Maogen) and Imperatae Rhizoma (Lugen) 30g each. Two doses.
Third Visit
Body fever completely subsided, body temperature 37.2°C, throat red/swollen/pain stopped, cough slight, sleep relatively peaceful, bowel movement normal, urine short. Tongue white coating thick/greasy, substance slightly red, wiry-slippery-thin pulses on both sides, rapidity gone. After Warm Pathogen was mistakenly sweated, Yin level damaged. Previous cooling-clearing and Ying-cooling agents greatly reduced the condition. Continue with clearing Qi-level heat and descending-transforming phlegm method.
Asteris Radix (Sheng Ziwan) 3g, Peucedani Radix (Qianhu) 3g, Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren) 6g, Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus (Chuanbei) 6g, Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) 6g, Fresh Imperatae Rhizoma (Maogen) and Imperatae Rhizoma (Lugen) 30g each, Jiao Sanxian (Scorched Three Immortals) 9g each. Three doses.
Fourth Visit
Condition basically recovered, still occasional cough. Continue original prescription for three doses, rest for one week, avoid meat/fish/sweet/sticky flavors, and recover.
[Comment]: This is a case of mistreated Warm Wind. Originally Warm Wind attacking the Lung; if given a light acrid-cool agent like Sang Ju Yin for light clearing and venting, it would heal. The doctor mistakenly treated it as Cold-Factor, using Guizhi Tang and ginger soup to induce sweat. Although sweat occurred, Yin was further damaged, heat increased, throat swelled with white corruption, consciousness nearly lost. Warm diseases prohibit sweating; violating this taboo brings immediate disaster. At this time, although the pathology belongs to pathogens sinking into the Pericardium, the treatment principle should not suddenly use cold-cooling agents. It is appropriate to imitate Ye Tianshi's method of "venting heat to transform qi," venting pathogens outward to prevent internal closure and generating issues. Thus, using Shengjiang San (Ascending-Descending Powder), known for regulating Qi mechanism, combined with Yinqiao to vent pathogens outward, Xingren to ventilate Lung upward, Changpu to open orifices in the middle, Maogen/Lugen to separate and eliminate downward. The Triple Burner becomes smooth, interior and exterior harmonized, the internally sunk Warm Pathogen has a path to exit, hence improvement seen after taking medicine. This method of venting heat to transform qi is vastly different from simply using cold-cooling agents to treat febrile diseases. If seeing coma immediately administering Sanbao (Three Treasures) types, one fears cold-cooling will close and depress the Qi mechanism, making it harder for internally sunk pathogens to vent outward. Master Zhao often said that Ye's method of venting heat to transform qi is the primary method for warm diseases, applicable to all stages of Wei, Qi, Ying, and Blood. Its profound meaning lies in providing an exit for pathogens. The treatment of this case embodies this guiding ideology.
Warm Wind 3 (Upper Respiratory Tract Infection)
Patient Li, male, 21 years old.
First Visit:
Body fever not severe, only cough and slight thirst, body temperature 37.8°C, thin white coating, red throat slightly painful, floating-rapid pulse. Originally Warm Wind pathogen invading Lung and Wei levels, Lung failing to diffuse and descend. Should use Sang Ju Yin with modifications. Today mistakenly used acrid-warm sweating medicines (Ephedrae Herba/Mahuang, Armeniacae Semen Amarum/Xingren, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma/Zhi Cao). After taking medicine, fever increased drastically, body temperature 39°C, slippery-rapid pulse, red swollen painful throat, red tongue yellow dry coating. Originally Wind-Heat; overuse of acrid-warm induced sweat damaging Yin and assisted heat transforming into dryness. Hence high fever, red swollen throat, condition likely to worsen. Temporarily use clearing-moistening to ventilate Lung, descending-transforming clearing-resolving. Prevent violent cough onset. Diet should be cautious.
Glehniae Radix (Shashen) 12g, Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus (Zhebei) and Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus (Chuanbei) 6g each, Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren) 9g, Gardeniae Cortex (Chao Zhipi) 6g, Lophatheri Herba (Dan Zhu ye) 3g, Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao) 9g, Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) 9g, Fresh Imperatae Rhizoma (Lugen) 24g, Fresh Pear one (with skin, core removed, sliced). Two doses.
Second Visit
After taking sweet-cold clearing-moistening previously, body fever greatly reduced, body temperature 37.5°C, throat red/swelling slightly receded, pulse changed from floating-rapid to slippery-rapid, red tongue yellow coating, stool slightly dry, urine short/red.
Yesterday took sweet-cold clearing-moistening, Yin restored and heat reduced. Again use sweet-cold nourishing Yin and reducing heat. Avoid spicy, oily, sticky foods.
Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus (Zhebei) and Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus (Chuanbei) 9g each, Glehniae Radix (Shashen) 15g, Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren) 9g, Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong) 9g, Eriobotryae Folium (Zhi Paye) 15g, Dai Ge San (Indigo Naturalis and Clam Shell Powder) 15g (wrapped in cloth), Trichosanthis Semen (Gualou Ren) 24g, Fresh Pear Skin two pieces, washed and sliced. Three doses.
Third Visit
Body fever completely subsided, body temperature 36.7°C, throat red/swollen/pain healed, diet and excretion normal.
Continue original prescription for three doses and recover.
[Comment]: This case, like the previous one, involved mistakingly taking acrid-warm sweating agents at the initial stage of Warm Wind, causing sudden aggravation. However, the methods to correct the error differ. This patient constitutionally had Yin deficiency, plus excessive sweating from Ephedra agents damaged Yin. Thus, within clearing-resolving, add sweet-moistening to nourish Yin. After taking, heat subsided. Changed to sweet-cold nourishing Yin and reducing heat for follow-up. Observing this可知, warm diseases require constantly protecting Yin fluids; how can one induce sweat to severely damage Yin!