天麻气微辛。味甘平。质坚润而沉。疗诸风。主足厥阴经。而本经谓能益气力。长阴肥
健大明子亦云补五痨七伤。助阳气。邓才杂兴方取为益气固精要药罗天益曰眼黑头眩。风
虚内作。非天麻不能治据此则天麻何啻治风尚为足少阴肾经滋补之剂味此风虚内作四字可知
本亏致病。补助力优。岂羌活防风独活荆芥
诸辛燥伤阴之物。所能比拟万一哉。余每用以疗产后诸虚剧症。及遗精失血。与挟虚伤寒头
痛。往往奏奇。世人奈何仅以风药目之。是未悉乎天地造化。万物得气之粹者之蕴矣。
何首乌一名夜交藤。一名九真藤。一名地精。性味淳和。功能灵异真仙草也。余夙服有
验
。敢悉精微。与世同好焉。按唐李翱传云何首乌者顺州南河县人。祖名能嗣。子名延秀。能
嗣本名田儿。生而阉弱。年五十八无妻子。常慕道术。随师在山。一日醉卧山野。忽见有藤
二株。相去三尺余。苗蔓相交。久而方解。解而又交。田儿惊讶其异。至旦遂掘其根。归
问诸人无识者。后有山老忽来示之曰。子既无嗣。其藤乃异此是神仙之药。何不服之。遂杵
为末。空心酒服一钱。七日而思人道。数月似强
健。因此常服至二钱。经年旧疾皆痊。发乌容少。十年之内。即生数男。乃改名能嗣。又与
其子延秀服皆寿百六十岁。发犹黑。有李安期者与能嗣乡里亲善。窃得方服。其寿亦长。
遂叙其事传之云。何首乌味甘性温无毒。伏苓为使。治五痔腰膝之病。冷气心痛积年痨瘦痰
癖风虚败劣。长筋力。益精髓。壮气驻颜。黑发延年。妇人恶血痿黄产后诸疾。赤白带下。
毒瓦斯入腹。久痢不止。其功不可尽述。又云其根形大如拳连珠。其有形如鸟兽山岳之状者珍
也。掘得去皮生吃得。味甘甜可休粮。赞曰神效胜道。着在仙书。雌雄相交。夜合尽疏服之
去谷。日居月诸。反老还童变安病躯。有缘者遇。最尔自如。明州刺史李远云何首乌者世
之真仙草也。五十年者如拳大。号山奴。服之一年发髭青黑。一百年者如碗大。号山哥。服
之
一年颜色红悦。一百五十年者如盆大。号山伯。服之一年齿落更生。二百年者如斗栲栳大。
号山翁。服之一年颜如童子。行及奔马。三百年者如三斗栲栳大。号山精。纯阳之体。久服
成地仙也。李濒湖曰何首乌足厥阴少阴药也。白者入气分。赤者入血分。肾主闭藏。肝主
疏泄。此物气温。味苦涩。苦补肾。温补肝。能收敛精气。所以能养血益肝。固精益肾。强
筋骨乌髭发。为滋补良药。不寒不燥。功在地黄天门冬诸药之上。气血泰和。则风虚痈疽瘰
诸疾可愈矣。嘉靖初。邵应节真人。以七宝美髯丹方药。进世宗。服饵有效。连生皇嗣。
于是何首乌之方。天下大行矣。宋怀州知州李治。与一武臣同官。怪其年七十余而轻健。面
如渥丹。能饮食。叩其术则服何首乌丸也乃传其方。后治得盛暑中。半体无汗。已二年。窃
自忧之。造丸服至年余。汗遂浃体。其活血治风之功。大有补益。七宝美髯丹。主乌须发。
壮筋骨。固精气。续嗣延年。其方用赤白何首乌各一斤。如法制炼入赤白伏苓各一斤。牛膝
枸杞当归菟丝子各八两。补骨脂四两。以蜜炼丸晨夕吞服。为滋益上药。功能不可阐述。此
古成方也大都人有阴藏阳藏之不同。其属阴藏者。宜与此丸。为有骨脂温暖真阳也。若阳藏而
脏腑燥热。素耐寒凉者。则当去骨脂减当归。加熟地黄十两酒蒸知母二两可令水火两平而免
偏胜之患愚意又以赤苓性属渗泄。须禁之庶久饵而无隐耗之弊。得全全善矣。及遍阅方书亦
有
单服者。各随方法。大要莫外此药为君也忆余髫龄十四通精。施泄无禁。关门虚滑。每少劳
则病梦遗。及岁十七从娶亲后。尤觉神气不支。虚焰侵肤。时或盗汗。皆少年不慎。真藏为
患也。余伯父心宇封君。素以儒医擅名。大较主治泥成法。无外金锁丹固精丸莲须牡蛎金樱
鳔胶之属。时虽少止。暂辍仍复。沉 数载。几无人理。至二十二岁。抵楚慈阳。幸逢胡慎
庵先生。治法独异常流。令服参 归苓熟地升麻石枣阿胶知母麦冬等药。又以何首乌为君。
茯苓五味沙苑蒺藜苁蓉仙茅当归诸品为丸。晨昏服丸。午际啜汤。甫两旬前症减半。越三月
得全愈。自是勤服不辍蒲柳柔资。禁受风霜。益信前哲非诬语也。与世之造淫丹。暗铄真阴
。渐促天年者。则大不侔矣。特怪世人进锐退速。不勤久饵。堕功半涂。咎药迂缓。遂使完
真善术绝响无闻耳。抱朴子云上党赵瞿病癞。历年垂死。其家弃之送置山穴。瞿怨泣经月。
有
仙人见而哀之。以一曩药与之瞿服百余日其疮都愈颜色丰悦。肌肤玉泽仙人再过之。瞿谢活
命之恩。乞求其方仙人曰此是松脂山中便多此药。汝炼服之。可以长生不死瞿乃归家长服
。身体轻薄气力百倍。登危陡 。终日不困。年百余岁。齿不坠。发不白。夜卧忽见屋间有
光大如镜。久而一室尽明如昼。又见面上有采女一人。戏于口鼻之间。后入抱犊山成地仙于
时人闻瞿服此脂。皆竞服之。车运驴负。积之盈室。不过一月。未觉大益皆辄止焉。志之不
坚如此。松脂即松梅丸之君药也。
天麻气味微辛，味甘平。质地坚硬滋润且沉重。能治疗各种风病，主要作用于足厥阴肝经。而《本经》（《神农本草经》）称它能益气力、促进阴精生长并使人健壮肥实。明代李时珍在《本草纲目》中也说它能补益五劳七伤，助长阳气。邓才在《杂兴方》中将其列为益气固精的要药。罗天益说：“眼睛发黑、头晕目眩，是由于风虚在内作祟，除了天麻没有别的药能治疗。”根据这些记载，天麻何止是治疗风病的药物，更是足少阴肾经的滋补剂。从“风虚内作”这四个字可以看出，这是因根本亏虚导致的疾病，天麻补助之力优异。这难道是羌活、防风、独活、荆芥等那些辛温燥烈、损伤阴液的药物所能比拟的吗？我每次用它来治疗产后各种严重的虚证，以及遗精、失血，还有夹杂虚证的伤寒头痛，往往能收到奇效。世人为什么仅仅把它看作祛风药呢？这是不了解天地造化的奥秘，不懂得万物得气之精华所蕴含的道理啊。
何首乌又名夜交藤、九真藤、地精。性味淳厚平和，功能灵异，是真仙草。我长期服用它确有验效，敢将其中精微之处全部告知，与世人共同喜好它。据唐代李翱的传记记载：何首乌是顺州南河县人。祖父名叫能嗣，儿子名叫延秀。能嗣原名田儿，生下来就阉弱，五十八岁还没有妻室子女。他常常羡慕道术，跟随师父在山中居住。一天，他醉卧在山野间，忽然看见有两株藤蔓，相距三尺多，苗蔓相互交错，很久才解开，解开了又再次相交。田儿惊讶于它的奇异，等到天亮便挖出它的根，回家询问众人，没有人认识。后来有一位山中的老人突然走来告诉他说：“你既然没有后代，这种藤蔓乃是异类，是神仙的药，为何不服用呢？”于是将根捣成粉末，空腹用酒送服一钱。七天之后就有了性欲的念头，几个月后身体似乎变得强健。因此他常服用至二钱，过了一年旧疾全都痊愈，头发变黑，容貌年轻。十年之内，就生了几个男孩，于是改名为能嗣。他又让儿子延秀服用，两人都活了一百六十岁，头发仍然乌黑。有个叫李安期的人与能嗣是同乡邻里，关系亲善，偷偷得到这个方子服用，他的寿命也很长。于是叙述这件事传扬开来。书中说：何首乌味甘性温，无毒。以茯苓为引使药。能治疗五种痔疾、腰膝疼痛、冷气心痛、多年痨瘦、痰癖、风虚败劣等症状。能长筋力，益精髓，壮气驻颜，黑发延年。对妇女恶血、痿黄、产后各种疾病、赤白带下、毒瓦斯入腹、久痢不止等症，其功效不可尽述。又说它的根形状大如拳头，连珠状；如果有像鸟兽、山岳形状的，则是珍品。掘得后去皮生吃，味道甘甜，可以休粮（辟谷）。赞曰：神效胜过道家法术，记载在仙书之中。雌雄藤蔓相交，夜晚合拢，白天舒展。服用它可以去谷食。日复一日，月复一月，返老还童，使病弱的身体变得安康。有缘之人遇到，最为自然适宜。明州刺史李远说：何首乌是世间的真仙草。五十年的如拳头大，称为山奴，服用一年胡须头发青黑。一百年的如碗大，称为山哥，服用一年面色红润喜悦。一百五十年的如盆大，称为山伯，服用一年掉落的牙齿重新长出。二百年的如斗栲栳大，称为山翁，服用一年容颜如童子，行动快如奔马。三百年的如三个斗栲栳大，称为山精，纯阳之体，长期服用能成为地仙。
李濒湖（李时珍）说：何首乌是足厥阴肝经和足少阴肾经的药物。白色的入气分，红色的入血分。肾主闭藏，肝主疏泄。此物气温，味苦涩。苦能补肾，温能补肝，能收敛精气，所以能养血益肝，固精益肾，强筋骨，乌髭发，是滋补良药。不寒不燥，功效在地黄、天门冬等药物之上。气血调和，那么风虚、痈疽、瘰疬等各种疾病都可以痊愈。嘉靖初年，邵应节真人将七宝美髯丹的方药进献给明世宗，服用有效，连续生下皇位继承人。于是何首乌的方子，在天下广泛流传了。宋朝怀州知州李治，与一位武官同僚共事，奇怪他七十多岁却轻健，面色红润如涂丹砂，能饮食。询问他的方法，原来是服用何首乌丸。于是李治得到了这个方子。后来李治在盛暑之中，半身无汗，已经两年，私下为此担忧。制作药丸服用一年多，汗液遂遍及全身。其活血治风的功效，大有补益。七宝美髯丹，主要功效是乌须发，壮筋骨，固精气，续嗣延年。其方用赤白何首乌各一斤，按法制炼，加入赤白茯苓各一斤，牛膝、枸杞、当归、菟丝子各八两，补骨脂四两，用蜂蜜炼制成丸，早晚吞服，是滋益的上等药物，功能不可阐述。这是古已有成的方子。大致来说，人有阴脏、阳脏的不同。属于阴脏的人，适宜服用此丸，因为有补骨脂温暖真阳。如果是阳脏而脏腑燥热，平时耐寒凉的人，则应当去掉补骨脂，减少当归，加熟地黄十两（酒蒸）、知母二两，可以使水火两平，避免偏胜的祸患。我的意见又以赤茯苓性质属渗泄，必须禁止使用，这样长期服用就没有暗中耗损的弊病，才算完美完善。及至遍阅方书，也有单服何首乌的，各自随方法不同，大体都不外乎以此药为君药。
回忆我十四岁时通精，施泄没有节制，关门虚滑，稍微劳累就会发生梦遗。到了十七岁娶亲之后，更觉得神气不支，虚火侵肤，时常盗汗，这都是少年不慎，导致真元藏府受害。我的伯父心宇封君，素以儒医闻名，大致主治拘泥于成法，不外乎金锁丹、固精丸、莲须、牡蛎、金樱子、鳔胶之类的药物。当时虽然稍有好转，暂时停止仍会复发，沉疴数年，几乎无人理睬。到了二十二岁，抵达湖北慈利县，有幸遇到胡慎庵先生，治疗方法独特不同于流俗，令服用人参、当归、茯苓、熟地、升麻、石枣、阿胶、知母、麦冬等药，又以何首乌为君药，茯苓、五味子、沙苑蒺藜、肉苁蓉、仙茅、当归等品制成丸药，早晚服丸，中午喝汤剂。刚过二十天，前症减半。过了三个月完全痊愈。从此勤奋服用不停，原本柔弱的蒲柳之资，禁受风霜，更加相信前哲的话不是虚假之言。这与世间制造淫丹，暗中销蚀真阴，逐渐缩短天年的人，是大不相同的。只是怪世人进锐退速，不勤于长期服用，半途而废，责怪药性迂缓，致使保全真元、善于医术的人绝响无闻。抱朴子（葛洪）记载：上党人赵瞿患癞病，多年接近死亡。他的家人抛弃他，送到山穴中。赵瞿怨恨哭泣了一个月。有仙人见他可怜，用一个囊装的药给他。赵瞿服用百余日，疮疡全愈，颜色丰悦，肌肤如玉般润泽。仙人再次经过，赵瞿感谢活命之恩，乞求药方。仙人说：“这是松脂，山中便有很多此药。你炼制服用，可以长生不死。”赵瞿于是回家长期服用，身体轻薄，气力百倍，登高低陡坡，整天不困倦，年龄一百多岁，牙齿不脱落，头发不白发。夜里睡觉忽然看见屋间有光大如镜子，很久后一室尽亮如白昼。又看见面上有一个采女，在口鼻之间嬉戏，后来进入抱犊山成为地仙。当时人们听说赵瞿服用此脂，都竞相服用，用车运驴负，堆积满室。不过一个月，没觉得有大益处，都停止了。意志不坚定如此。松脂就是松梅丸的君药。
Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) has a slightly pungent odor and a sweet, neutral taste. Its texture is hard, moist, and heavy. It treats various wind disorders and primarily acts on the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. The *Benjing* (Shennong Bencao Jing) states that it can tonify qi and strength, promote the growth of yin essence, and make the body robust and plump. Li Shizhen in the *Bencao Gangmu* also stated that it tonifies the five labors and seven injuries, and assists yang qi. Deng Cai in the *Zaxing Fang* listed it as an essential herb for tonifying qi and securing essence. Luo Tianyi said: "Darkening of vision and dizziness are caused by internal wind deficiency; apart from Tianma, no other herb can treat this." Based on these records, Tianma is not merely an herb for treating wind disorders but also a tonic for the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian. From the phrase "internal wind deficiency," it can be seen that this disease arises from root deficiency, and Tianma's ability to supplement is excellent. How could herbs such as Qianghuo, Fangfeng, Duhuo, and Jingjie, which are pungent, warm, drying, and damaging to yin fluids, compare with it? I often use it to treat severe deficiency syndromes after childbirth, as well as spermatorrhea, blood loss, and headache associated with cold damage complicated by deficiency, often achieving miraculous results. Why do people regard it merely as a wind-dispelling herb? This shows a lack of understanding of the mysteries of heaven and earth's creation and the essence contained in things that obtain the purest qi.
Heshouwu (Polygoni Multiflori Radix), also known as Yejiaoteng, Jiuzhen Teng, and Dijing, has a mellow and harmonious nature and taste. Its functions are spiritual and miraculous, making it a true immortal herb. I have taken it for a long time with verified effects, and I dare to reveal its subtleties to share with the world. According to the biography by Li Ao of the Tang Dynasty: Heshouwu was a man from Nanhe County, Shunzhou. His grandfather was named Nengsi, and his son was named Yanxiu. Nengsi was originally named Tian'er. He was weak from birth due to castration and had no wife or children at age fifty-eight. He often admired Daoist arts and followed his master living in the mountains. One day, while drunk and sleeping in the wild, he suddenly saw two vines more than three feet apart, their stems intertwining, separating only after a long time, and then intertwining again. Tian'er was surprised by this anomaly. At dawn, he dug up the roots, returned home, and asked everyone, but no one recognized them. Later, an old mountain dweller came and told him: "Since you have no heir, this vine is extraordinary; it is the medicine of immortals. Why not take it?" He then pounded the root into powder and took one qian on an empty stomach with wine. After seven days, he felt sexual desire. After several months, his body seemed stronger. Therefore, he continued taking it up to two qian. After a year, his old ailments were all cured, his hair turned black, and his appearance became youthful. Within ten years, he fathered several sons and changed his name to Nengsi. He also had his son Yanxiu take it, and both lived to 160 years old, with hair still black. A man named Li Anqi, a relative and friend of Nengsi from the same neighborhood, secretly obtained the prescription and took it, and his lifespan was also long. Thus, the story was narrated and transmitted. The text says: Heshouwu has a sweet taste and warm nature, non-toxic. Poria (Fuling) is used as an guiding herb. It treats five types of hemorrhoids, waist and knee pain, cold qi heart pain, chronic wasting-thirst, phlegm-stasis, wind-deficiency debility. It strengthens tendons and sinews, benefits marrow and essence, boosts qi, preserves youthfulness, darkens hair, and prolongs life. For women's evil blood, sallow complexion, postpartum diseases, red and white leukorrhea, toxic vapors entering the abdomen, and chronic dysentery, its merits cannot be fully described. It is also said that its root shape is large like a fist or connected pearls; those shaped like birds, beasts, mountains, or hills are precious. After digging, peel the skin and eat raw; the taste is sweet and can be used for grain avoidance (bigu). The praise says: Divine efficacy surpasses Daoist methods, recorded in immortal books. Male and female vines intersect, closing at night and opening during the day. Taking it allows one to abandon grains. Day after day, month after month, one returns to youth and transforms a sickly body into health. Those with destiny encounter it, most naturally suitable. Li Yuan, Prefect of Mingzhou, said: Heshouwu is the true immortal herb of the world. Fifty-year-old ones are fist-sized, called Shan Nu; taking it for one year makes beard and hair black. Hundred-year-old ones are bowl-sized, called Shan Ge; taking it for one year makes complexion ruddy and joyful. One-hundred-fifty-year-old ones are basin-sized, called Shan Bo; taking it for one year causes fallen teeth to regrow. Two-hundred-year-old ones are dou-sized, called Shan Weng; taking it for one year makes the face like a child, walking fast as a galloping horse. Three-hundred-year-old ones are three dou-sized, called Shan Jing, pure yang bodies; long-term use leads to becoming a terrestrial immortal.
Li Binhu (Li Shizhen) said: Heshouwu is an herb for the Foot-Jueyin Liver and Foot-Shaoyin Kidney meridians. White enters the qi level, red enters the blood level. The Kidney governs storage, and the Liver governs dispersion. This herb is warm in nature and bitter-astringent in taste. Bitter tonifies the Kidney, warm tonifies the Liver, and it can consolidate essence and qi. Therefore, it nourishes blood and benefits the Liver, secures essence and tonifies the Kidney, strengthens bones and sinews, darkens beard and hair, and is an excellent tonic. It is neither cold nor drying, and its merit surpasses that of Dihuang and Tiandong. When qi and blood are harmonious, wind-deficiency, carbuncles, sores, and scrofula can be cured. In the early Jiajing reign, Zhenren Shao Yingjie presented the formula for Qibao Meiran Dan to Emperor Shizong. It was effective, leading to the continuous birth of imperial heirs. Thus, Heshouwu formulas became widely popular throughout the world. Li Zhi, Prefect of Huazhou in the Song Dynasty, served as a colleague with a military officer who was strange to him because at over seventy years old, he was light and vigorous, with a ruddy complexion like wet cinnabar, and good appetite. Asking about his method, it was taking Heshouwu Wan. Li Zhi then obtained the formula. Later, Li Zhi suffered from hemihidrosis (absence of sweating on half the body) during the peak of summer for two years, worrying privately. He made pills and took them for over a year, after which sweat covered his whole body. Its function in invigorating blood and treating wind provided great benefit. Qibao Meiran Dan mainly darkens beard and hair, strengthens bones and sinews, secures essence, continues lineage, and prolongs life. The formula uses one jin each of red and white Heshouwu, processed according to standard methods, plus one jin each of red and white Poria (Fuling), eight liang each of Niuxi, Gouqi, Danggui, and Tusizi, and four liang of Buguzhi. Honey-pilled, taken morning and evening, it is a superior tonic whose functions cannot be fully expounded. This is an ancient established formula. Generally speaking, people differ in having Yin-zang or Yang-zang constitutions. Those with Yin-zang constitution should take this pill, as Buguzhi warms the true yang. If one has a Yang-zang constitution with dry-heat in the zang-fu and is accustomed to cold and cool, one should remove Buguzhi, reduce Danggui, add ten liang of Shudihuang (steamed with wine) and two liang of Zhimu, to balance water and fire and avoid the harm of excess. My opinion is that Chifuling (red Poria) has a leaching nature and must be prohibited, so that long-term intake avoids hidden depletion, making it perfect. Reviewing medical texts, there are also cases of taking Heshouwu alone, following various methods, but generally, this herb serves as the sovereign drug.
Recalling when I was fourteen, I reached seminal emission, ejaculating without restraint, causing the gate to be loose and slippery. Slight labor would cause dream emissions. By seventeen, after marriage, I felt even more lacking in spirit and qi, with deficient fire invading the skin and occasional night sweats. All this was due to imprudence in youth, harming the true zang-fu. My uncle, Fengjun Xinyu, was famous as a Confucian physician, generally adhering to established methods, using nothing outside Jinluo Dan, Gujing Wan, Lianxu, Muli, Jinyingzi, and Biaojiao. Although symptoms subsided slightly, they recurred upon stopping. For several years, the illness persisted, almost hopeless. At twenty-two, arriving in Cili, Hubei, I fortunately met Mr. Hu Shen'an. His treatment method was unique and different from the common flow. He prescribed Renshen, Danggui, Fuling, Shudihuang, Shengma, Shizao, Ejiao, Zhimu, Maidong, etc., with Heshouwu as the sovereign herb, and Fuling, Wuweizi, Shayuan Jili, Rongzhu, Xianmao, Danggui, etc., made into pills. Pills were taken morning and evening, and decoction at noon. After just twenty days, previous symptoms halved. After three months, full recovery was achieved. Since then, I diligently took it without cessation. Originally frail like willow and poplar, I could withstand wind and frost, further confirming that the words of former sages were not false. This is vastly different from worldly aphrodisiac pills that secretly consume true yin and shorten natural lifespan. I only wonder why people advance rapidly but retreat quickly, failing to persist in long-term intake, giving up halfway, blaming the medicine for being slow-acting, thus causing those who preserve truth and excel in medicine to leave no trace. Baopuzi (Ge Hong) recorded: Zhao Qu from Shangdang suffered from leprosy for years, nearing death. His family abandoned him in a mountain cave. Zhao Qu resented and wept for a month. A fairy pitied him and gave him a bag of medicine. Zhao Qu took it for over a hundred days, and the sores completely healed, his complexion became plump and joyful, and skin jade-like. The fairy passed by again, and Zhao Qu thanked him for saving his life, begging for the formula. The fairy said: "This is pine resin; there is much of it in the mountains. Refine and take it, and you can live forever." Zhao Qu returned home and took it long-term. His body became light, strength increased a hundredfold, climbing steep heights did not tire him all day. Over a hundred years old, teeth did not fall, hair did not turn white. At night, he suddenly saw light in the room like a mirror, eventually illuminating the whole room like day. He also saw a maiden playing between his mouth and nose, later entering Baodu Mountain to become a terrestrial immortal. People heard Zhao Qu took this resin and competed to take it, transporting by cart and donkey, filling rooms. However, within a month, feeling no great benefit, they stopped. Such is the lack of firmness in will. Pine resin is the sovereign herb of Songmei Wan.