治虚劳里急，悸衄，腹中痛，梦失精，四肢酸疼，手足烦热，咽干口燥等证；并治黄胆
小便自利，及伤寒阳脉涩、阴脉弦，腹中急痛；又伤寒二三日，心中悸而烦者，并主之。
桂枝汤原方芍药加三两，加胶饴一升，水七升，煮三升，去渣，纳饴，更上微火消解，
温服一升，日三服。
治虚劳里急诸不足，及伤寒汗后身疼，表虚恶寒，脉迟弱者。
小建中汤原方加黄 一两半。
（孙思邈《千金要方》） 治产后诸虚不足，腹中痛引腰背，少腹拘急者。
小建中汤原方加当归三两。
（《太平惠民和剂局方》） 治脏腑虚损，潮热自汗，将成劳瘵。
前胡 细辛 黄 人参 桂心 橘皮 当归 白芍药 茯苓 麦门冬 甘草 半夏
姜、枣水煎。
（《太平惠民和剂局方》）
当归 白芍药 白术 甘草 人参 麦门冬 川芎 肉桂 附子 肉苁蓉 半夏 黄
茯
小建中汤芍药多，桂姜甘草大枣罗，更用饴糖建中气，（于桂枝汤重用芍药，加饴糖，
义偏重于酸甘，专和血脉之阴。仅能建中焦营气，故曰“小”。）阳虚劳损（徐灵胎《兰台轨
范》曰∶“此方治阴寒阳衰之虚劳，正与阴虚火旺之病相反，庸医误用，害人甚多。此咽干
口燥，乃津液少，非有火也。”）疸黄瘥。（此脾虚发黄之证，观方下所云“小便自利”，非湿
热可知矣。）阳涩阴弦腹急痛，（中宫之阳气虚，则木来乘土，故阳涩阴弦而腹痛。）不瘥更
与小柴和。（腹痛服建中治太阴，不愈者，更与小柴胡治其少阳，疏土中之木也。以阴脉弦，
故用此法。）悸烦无热方堪服，（悸而烦，为虚烦可知，故用建中，以补心脾之气。盖栀子汤
治有热之虚烦，此治无热之虚烦也。）呕家禁与用毋讹。（酒家忌甘，呕家亦忌甘。）黄 建
中（汤）补不足，表虚身痛效无过。（此因过汗虚其卫阳，故汗后身痛，用此汤固卫气以和
营则愈。）又有当归建中法，产后诸虚属妇科。（黄 建中，补中益卫气；当归建中，补中益
营气。）乐令建中（汤）退虚热，（此药大能退虚热，生气血。）柴胡归芍细辛多，参 苓草
陈半夏，肉桂门冬姜枣和。更有建中十四味，阴斑劳损起沉 ，（亦有阴证发斑者，淡红隐
隐，散见肌表，此寒伏于下，逼其无根之火熏肺而然，误服寒药立毙。）十全大补（汤）加
附子，麦夏苁蓉仔细哦。（喻嘉言《医门法律》曰∶“十四味建中汤治脏气素虚，以之两建其
脾肾之阴阳。盖虚劳病多本脾肾，故引伸建中之法以治之。乃后人超出之方也。”又曰∶“乐
令建中汤，柴胡、细辛为君，意在退热，而阴虚之热则不可退；十四味建中汤，用附、桂、
苁蓉，意在复阳，而阴虚之阳未必可复，又在用方者之善为裁酌耳。”）
治疗虚劳病出现的腹部拘急疼痛、心悸、鼻出血、腹中疼痛、梦中遗精、四肢酸痛、手足心发热、咽喉干燥、口舌燥渴等症状；同时也用于治疗黄疸。
若小便通畅，以及伤寒病中脉象阳部涩滞、阴部弦紧，伴有腹部急剧疼痛的情况；还有伤寒发病两三天后，心中悸动且烦躁的病症，均以此方主治。
取桂枝汤原方，将芍药增加三两，再加入胶饴一升。用水七升，煎煮至三升，滤去药渣，加入胶饴，再用微火加热使其溶解。每次温服一升，每日服用三次。
治疗虚劳病引起的腹部拘急及全身各种不足之证，以及伤寒发汗后身体疼痛、表虚怕冷、脉象迟弱的情况。
在小建中汤原方基础上，加入黄芪一两半。
（出自孙思邈《千金要方》）治疗产后各种虚弱不足，腹痛牵引腰背，小腹拘急不舒的症状。
在小建中汤原方基础上，加入当归三两。
（出自《太平惠民和剂局方》）治疗脏腑虚损，出现潮热、自汗，即将发展为劳瘵（慢性消耗性疾病）的情况。
前胡、细辛、黄芪、人参、桂心、橘皮、当归、白芍药、茯苓、麦门冬、甘草、半夏，加生姜、大枣水煎服。
（出自《太平惠民和剂局方》）
当归、白芍药、白术、甘草、人参、麦门冬、川芎、肉桂、附子、肉苁蓉、半夏、黄芪、茯苓。
小建中汤由桂枝汤重用芍药，加上桂枝、生姜、甘草、大枣组成，再加入饴糖以建立中焦之气。（其意在于重用芍药配合饴糖，侧重酸甘化阴，专门调和血脉之阴。仅能建立中焦营气，所以称为“小”。）
针对阳虚劳损（徐灵胎在《兰台轨范》中说：“此方治疗因阴寒阳衰导致的虚劳，正好与阴虚火旺的病证相反，庸医误用，危害极大。这里的咽干口燥，是因为津液少，并非有实火。”）
针对黄疸消退后的调理（这是脾虚导致的发黄证候，看方剂说明中提到“小便自利”，可知不是湿热所致。）
脉象阳涩阴弦且腹部急痛（中焦脾胃阳气虚弱，则肝木来乘克脾土，所以出现阳涩阴弦且腹痛。）
若病情未愈，可再给予小柴胡汤调和（腹痛服用建中汤治疗太阴病，若不痊愈，再给予小柴胡汤治疗少阳病，以疏解脾土中的肝木之气。因为阴脉弦，所以采用这种方法。）
心中悸动烦躁且无发热者方可服用（悸动而烦躁，可知是虚烦，所以使用建中汤，以补益心脾之气。栀子汤治疗有热的虚烦，此方治疗无热的虚烦。）
呕吐患者禁用，切勿错误使用（饮酒之人忌甘味，呕吐之人也忌甘味。）
黄芪建中汤补益不足，对于表虚身痛疗效极佳（这是因为过度发汗导致卫阳虚弱，所以在发汗后身体疼痛，使用此汤固护卫气以调和营气即可痊愈。）
又有当归建中法，用于产后各种虚证，属于妇科范畴。（黄芪建中，补中益气并固护卫气；当归建中，补中益气并滋养营气。）
乐令建中汤退除虚热（此药大能退除虚热，生气血。）方中包含柴胡、当归、芍药、细辛较多，还有人参、茯苓、甘草、陈皮、半夏，以及肉桂、麦门冬、生姜、大枣调和。
更有十四味建中汤，治疗因阴斑和劳损引起的沉疴重症（也有阴证发斑的情况，斑色淡红隐隐，散见于肌肤表面，这是寒气伏于下部，逼迫无根之火熏蒸肺部所致，误服寒凉药物会立即致死。）
在十全大补汤基础上加附子，再加上麦门冬、半夏、肉苁蓉仔细斟酌使用。（喻嘉言在《医门法律》中说：“十四味建中汤治疗脏气素来虚弱的人，借此同时建立脾肾的阴阳。因为虚劳病多本源于脾肾，所以引申建中之法来治疗它。这是后人超越前人的方剂。”又说：“乐令建中汤，以柴胡、细辛为君药，意在退热，但阴虚产生的热是无法退除的；十四味建中汤，使用附子、肉桂、肉苁蓉，意在回复阳气，但阴虚的阳气未必能回复，这又在于用药者善于裁量斟酌罢了。”）
Treats syndromes of deficiency consumptive disease (Xu Lao) presenting with abdominal urgency and pain, palpitations, epistaxis, abdominal pain, nocturnal seminal emission, soreness and pain in the four limbs, heat sensation in the hands and feet, dry throat, and dry mouth. It is also indicated for jaundice.
It treats cases where urination is free and clear, as well as in Shanghan (Cold Damage) where the Yang pulse is choppy (Se) and the Yin pulse is string-taut (Xian), accompanied by acute abdominal pain. Furthermore, it treats cases occurring two to three days into a Shanghan infection, characterized by palpitations and irritability in the heart. All these are primarily managed by this formula.
Take the original Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction), increase Shaoyao (Paeonia Root) by three liang, and add Jiaoyi (Malt Sugar) one sheng. Boil in seven sheng of water until reduced to three sheng, strain off the dregs, add the Jiaoyi, and gently simmer over low heat until dissolved. Take one sheng warm, three times daily.
Treats various deficiencies associated with Xu Lao presenting with abdominal urgency, as well as body ache after sweating in Shanghan, exterior deficiency with aversion to cold, and a slow and weak pulse.
Add Huangqi (Astragalus Root) one and a half liang to the original Xiao Jianzhong Tang (Minor Construct the Middle Decoction).
(From Sun Simiao's *Qianjin Yaofang* / Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) Treats various deficiencies postpartum, abdominal pain radiating to the back and loins, and tension/urgency in the lower abdomen.
Add Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) three liang to the original Xiao Jianzhong Tang.
(From *Taiping Huimin Heji Jufang* / State Preceptor's Universal Relief Formulas) Treats deficiency and damage of the Zang-Fu organs, tidal fever, spontaneous sweating, conditions progressing toward Lao Zhai (chronic wasting disease).
Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baishao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Fuling (Poria), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma). Decoct with Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Dazao (Jujubae Fructus).
(Derived from *Taiping Huimin Heji Jufang*)
Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baishao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), Roushou Rong (Cibotii Rhizoma), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Fuling (Poria).
Xiao Jianzhong Tang consists of Guizhi Tang with increased Shaoyao, combined with Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), Shengjiang (Zingerberis Rhizoma), Gancao (Licorice Root), and Dazao (Jujube Fruit), further adding Yitang (Maltose) to establish Qi in the Middle Jiao. (The principle emphasizes sour and sweet transforming into Yin, specifically harmonizing the Yin of the blood vessels. Since it only establishes Ying Qi in the Middle Jiao, it is termed "Minor".)
For Yang-deficiency consumptive disease (Xu Lingtai in *Lantai Guidfan* states: "This formula treats consumptive disease caused by Yin-cold and Yang-depletion, which is contrary to diseases of Yin-deficiency with fire-wang. Quack doctors misuse it, causing great harm. The dry throat and mouth here result from scanty body fluids, not excess fire.")
For resolving residual jaundice (This is a syndrome of yellowing due to Spleen deficiency; the note "free urination" indicates it is not damp-heat.)
Yang-choppy, Yin-string-taut pulses with acute abdominal pain (Deficiency of Yang Qi in the Middle Palace allows Wood to overact on Earth, resulting in choppy Yang, string-taut Yin pulses, and abdominal pain.)
If unresolved, administer Xiao Chaihu Tang to harmonize (Abdominal pain treated via Taiyin with Jianzhong formulas; if unhealed, use Xiao Chaihu Tang to treat Shaoyang, dispersing Wood within Earth. Due to the string-taut Yin pulse, this method is employed.)
Indicated for palpitations and irritability without fever (Palpitations with irritability indicate deficiency-irritability; thus, Jianzhong Tang is used to tonify Heart and Spleen Qi. Zhizi Tang treats deficiency-irritability with heat, whereas this treats deficiency-irritability without heat.)
Contraindicated for those who vomit; do not err (Those who consume alcohol avoid sweet flavors; those who vomit also avoid sweet flavors.)
Huangqi Jianzhong Tang tonifies insufficiency; for exterior deficiency with body ache, its efficacy is unsurpassed (This arises from excessive sweating depleting Wei Yang, leading to body ache post-sweating. This formula secures Wei Qi to harmonize Ying, resulting in recovery.)
There is also the method of Danggui Jianzhong, addressing various postpartum deficiencies in gynecology. (Huangqi Jianzhong tonifies the Middle and strengthens Wei Qi; Danggui Jianzhong tonifies the Middle and nourishes Ying Qi.)
Le Ling's Jianzhong Tang reduces deficiency-heat (This medicine greatly reduces deficiency-heat and generates Qi and Blood.) It contains more Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Danggui, Baishao Yao, and Xixin, along with Renshen, Fuling, Gancao, Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Banxia, Rougui, Maidong, Shengjiang, and Dazao harmonizing.
Furthermore, there is Shisiwei Jianzhong Tang, treating deep-seated conditions arising from Yin-spots and consumptive disease (There are cases of Yin-syndrome rashes: faint red spots scattered on the skin surface, caused by cold lurking below forcing rootless fire to scorch the Lungs. Administering cold medicines will cause immediate death.)
Add Fuzi to Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Complete Tonifying Decoction), and carefully consider Maidong, Banxia, and Roushou Rong. (Yu Jiayan in *Yimen Falü* states: "Shisiwei Jianzhong Tang treats individuals with inherently deficient Zang-Qi, simultaneously establishing the Yin and Yang of the Spleen and Kidney. Since consumptive diseases often originate in the Spleen and Kidney, extending the Jianzhong method treats them. This is a later innovation." He adds: "Le Ling's Jianzhong Tang uses Chaihu and Xixin as sovereign herbs, aiming to reduce heat, but heat from Yin-deficiency cannot be reduced; Shisiwei Jianzhong Tang uses Fuzi, Rougui, and Roushou Rong, aiming to restore Yang, but Yang from Yin-deficiency may not necessarily be restored. This depends on the prescriber's skillful discretion.")