白术(炒各二两) 干姜(炮) 茯苓(各四两) 水五升,煮取三升,分温三服,腰
中即
俱湿甚,
饮食如
”按
《宣明》(完素)用治胞痹证,少腹膀胱若沃汤,小便不利鼻流涕,通阳行水义当量。(按∶
风、寒、湿邪,客于胞中,则太阳膀胱之气不能化,故水道不通。按之若沃以汤,形容小水
胀极之情切着矣。其上为清涕者,足太阳经上络额脑,太阳经气不得下行,而但上入于脑,
流出于鼻,故为清涕。《宣明论方》用此汤治之,固取其通阳行水,究不若五苓散彻上彻下
、表里兼施之为当也。用者审之。)
治肺冷唾涎沫而不渴,必遗尿小便数,宜以此温之;并能回中焦之阳气。
甘草(四两炙) 干姜(二两炮) 水三升,煮取一升半,去滓,分温再服。
甘草干姜(汤)温肺气,唾涎(唾涎沫者必有寒饮)溲数(气化失令)且遗尿,(膀胱
不藏)口无燥
邪者。若火灼
若阳气不布
亦堪施。(干
方,是回中焦
治阳明胃寒,食谷欲呕,及少阴吐利,手足逆,烦躁欲死者;又厥阴干呕,吐涎
痛者,并主之。
吴茱萸(一升洗) 人参(三两) 生姜(六两) 大枣(十二枚) 水七升,煮取二
升,去滓,温服七合,日三服。(加附子一枚,名吴茱萸加附子汤,治寒疝腰痛,牵引睾丸,
脉沉迟者。
吴茱萸汤人参枣,重用生姜温胃好。(吴萸、生姜温胃散寒,人参大枣缓脾益气,亦中
焦之
能保。(吐利而手足厥冷,烦躁欲死,少阴之阳并露矣。吴茱萸为厥阴之主药,上可温胃寒,
下可救肾阳,故能统治以上诸证。)又吴萸加附子汤,寒疝脉沉所宜捣。(疝为肝病,故用吴
萸以直温肝经,加附子以散寒温肾。)
白术(炒制,各二两) 干姜(炮制) 茯苓(各四两) 加水五升,煮取三升,分三次温服。腰部感觉湿气极重,饮食如常。”按:《宣明论方》(刘完素著)用此方治疗胞痹证,症状表现为小腹部膀胱区域像被热水浇灌一样,小便不通利,鼻流清涕,其义理在于通阳行水。(按:风、寒、湿邪气侵袭胞中,导致太阳膀胱经的气化功能失常,因此水道不通。按压小腹感觉像被热水浇灌,形容小便胀满至极的情状非常贴切。其上部的清涕,是因为足太阳膀胱经上行联络额部和脑部,太阳经气不能下行,反而上入于脑,流出鼻腔,所以形成清涕。《宣明论方》用此汤治疗,固然取其通阳行水之意,但究其根本,不如五苓散彻上彻下、表里兼治的方法恰当。使用者需仔细斟酌。)
治疗肺脏虚冷导致的唾吐涎沫且不口渴,必然伴有遗尿或小便频数,适宜用此方温补;并能恢复中焦的阳气。
甘草(四两炙烤) 干姜(二两炮制) 加水三升,煮取一升半,滤去药渣,分两次温服。
甘草干姜汤温补肺气,对于唾吐涎沫(唾吐涎沫者必有寒饮内停)、小便频数(气化功能失序)且遗尿(膀胱固摄无力)、口中无燥热之邪者适用。若因火邪灼伤津液,或者阳气不能布散,也可施用。(干姜与甘草组成的方剂,是回阳救逆以恢复中焦阳气的基础方。)
治疗阳明胃寒导致的进食后欲呕吐,以及少阴病导致的吐泻、手足逆冷、烦躁欲死;还有厥阴病的干呕、吐涎沫伴头痛者,均主治此证。
吴茱萸(一升洗净) 人参(三两) 生姜(六两) 大枣(十二枚) 加水七升,煮取二升,滤去药渣,每次温服七合,每日三次。(加入附子一枚,名为吴茱萸加附子汤,治疗寒疝腰痛,疼痛牵引睾丸,脉象沉迟者。)
吴茱萸汤用人参和大枣,重用生姜以温胃散寒。(吴茱萸、生姜温胃散寒,人参、大枣缓脾益气,也能保护中焦脾胃之气。(吐利而手足厥冷,烦躁欲死,这是少阴阳气外越的表现。吴茱萸是厥阴肝经的主药,上可温胃寒,下可救肾阳,故能统治以上诸证。)另外吴茱萸加附子汤,适用于寒疝脉沉的情况。(疝气属肝病,故用吴茱萸直接温通肝经,加附子以散寒温肾。)
Bai Zhu (Atractodis Rhizoma, stir-fried, 2 liang each) Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum, processed by frying) Fu Ling (Poria, 4 liang each). Add five sheng of water, boil to obtain three sheng, divide into three warm doses. [Symptoms:] Heavy dampness in the waist, normal diet." Note: Xuan Ming Lun Fang (by Liu Wansu) uses this formula to treat Bao Bi syndrome (Bladder Obstruction), characterized by a sensation in the lower abdomen and bladder region as if scalded with hot soup, dysuria, and nasal discharge of clear mucus. The therapeutic principle is to unblock Yang and promote water metabolism. (Note: When Wind, Cold, and Damp pathogens invade the Bao (uterus/bladder area), the Qi transformation of the Taiyang Bladder channel is impaired, leading to obstruction of the water passages. The sensation of "scalded with hot soup" upon palpation vividly describes the extreme distension from urine retention. The clear nasal discharge above occurs because the Foot-Taiyang Bladder channel connects to the forehead and brain; when Taiyang Qi fails to descend, it ascends into the brain and flows out through the nose, resulting in clear mucus. Although Xuan Ming Lun Fang uses this decoction for its ability to unblock Yang and move water, ultimately, Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) is more appropriate as it acts both superiorly and inferiorly, addressing both exterior and interior. Practitioners should deliberate carefully.)
Treats Lung cold causing spitting of saliva and froth without thirst, inevitably accompanied by enuresis or frequent urination; suitable for warming with this formula; it can also restore the Yang Qi of the Middle Jiao.
Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, 4 liang) Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum, 2 liang). Add three sheng of water, boil to obtain one and a half sheng, remove dregs, divide into two warm doses.
Gan Cao Gan Jiang Tang (Licorice and Ginger Decoction) warms Lung Qi. It is indicated for spitting saliva/froth (indicating presence of Cold-Phlegm), frequent urination (due to loss of Qi transformation regulation), and enuresis (due to Bladder failing to store), in cases where there is no pathogenic heat causing dryness in the mouth. If caused by Fire burning fluids, or if Yang Qi fails to distribute, it may also be applied. (The combination of Gan Jiang and Gan Cao is a foundational formula for restoring Yang and recovering the Qi of the Middle Jiao.)
Treats Yangming Stomach Cold causing vomiting after eating, Shaoyin disease causing vomiting and diarrhea with cold limbs (Ni Leng), and severe restlessness; also Jueyin disease causing dry heaving, spitting of saliva/froth, and headache.
Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus, washed, 1 sheng) Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 3 liang) Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 6 liang) Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus, 12 pieces). Add seven sheng of water, boil to obtain two sheng, remove dregs, take seven ge warm per dose, three times daily. (Add one Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata), named Wu Zhu Yu Jia Fu Zi Tang (Evodia Decoction plus Aconite), treats Han Shan (Cold Hernia) with lower back pain radiating to the testicles, and a deep, slow pulse.)
Wu Zhu Yu Tang uses Ren Shen and Da Zao, with heavy use of Sheng Jiang to warm the Stomach and dispel Cold. (Wu Zhu Yu and Sheng Jiang warm the Stomach and dispel Cold; Ren Shen and Da Zao soothe the Spleen and boost Qi, thereby protecting the Middle Jiao. Vomiting and diarrhea with cold limbs and severe restlessness indicate the exposure of Shaoyin Yang. Wu Zhu Yu is the principal herb for the Jueyin Liver channel; it warms Stomach Cold upwards and rescues Kidney Yang downwards, thus treating the aforementioned syndromes.) Additionally, Wu Zhu Yu Jia Fu Zi Tang is suitable for Cold Hernia with a deep pulse. (Hernia is related to Liver pathology, hence Wu Zhu Yu is used to directly warm the Liver channel, and Fu Zi is added to dispel Cold and warm the Kidney.)