治吐血不止者。此汤主之。
柏叶 干姜（各三两。） 艾（三把。）
上三味。以水五升。取马通汁一升合煮。取一升。分温再服。千金。加阿胶三两。亦佳。
歌曰 吐血频频不肯休。（久吐不止。凡一切寒温补泻之药服之殆尽矣。）马通升许溯
源流。（热气伏藏于阴分。逼血妄行不止。马属火。取其通之同气以导之。）干姜三两艾三把。
（二味温散。宣发其热使行阳分。则阴分之血无所逼而守其经矣。）柏叶行阴三两求。（柏叶
抑
前方歌括之小注颇详。毋庸再释。但愚每用前方。病家皆惊疑不能听。今拟加减法。用
生侧
以
治下血。先便后血。此远血也。亦主吐衄。
甘草 干地黄 白术 附子（炮） 阿胶 黄芩（各三两。） 灶中黄土（半斤。）
上七味。水八升。煮取三升。分温三服。
歌曰 远血先便血续来。半斤黄土莫徘徊。术胶附地芩甘草。三两同行血证该。（不仅
治下
王晋三云。金匮以下血先血后便为近血。明指脾络受伤。日渗肠间。瘀积于下。故大便
未
之
胶
远血
干姜
（见狐惑。） 治下血。先血后便。此近血也。此主之。
男元犀按。肝为血海。气通胞中。主宣布之权。虚则失其权矣。曰先血后便者。肝失其
统。不能下宣。致胞中之血渗入肛门也。近血者。胃接二肠。胞与肠前后。此之最近也。若
胃肠受湿热。致伤其气。必通于胞中。而迫血妄行。赤小豆入心清热。解脏毒。当归入肝补
虚散郁。能宣其血入于经隧也。
治疗吐血不止的患者，此汤剂主治。
柏叶、干姜（各三两）、艾叶（三把）。
以上三味药，用水五升，加入马通汁一升共同煎煮，取药液一升，分两次温服。《千金方》中增加阿胶三两，也很好。
歌诀云：吐血频频不肯休。（久吐不止，凡一切寒温补泻之药服之殆尽矣。）马通升许溯源流。（热气伏藏于阴分，逼血妄行不止。马属火，取其通之同气以导之。）干姜三两艾三把。（二味温散，宣发其热使行阳分，则阴分之血无所逼而守其经矣。）柏叶行阴三两求。（柏叶抑……）
前方歌括之小注颇详，毋庸再释。但愚每用前方，病家皆惊疑不能听。今拟加减法，用生侧……
治疗下血，先大便后出血的，这是远血。此方也主治吐血和鼻衄。
甘草、干地黄、白术、附子（炮制）、阿胶、黄芩（各三两）、灶心黄土（半斤）。
以上七味药，用水八升，煎煮取三升，分三次温服。
歌诀云：远血先便血续来，半斤黄土莫徘徊。术胶附地芩甘草，三两同行血证该。（不仅治下……）
王晋三说，《金匮要略》中以下血先血后便为近血，明确指脾络受伤，血液日渗肠间，瘀积于下，故大便未……
之胶远血干姜（见狐惑。） 治疗下血，先血后便的，这是近血。此方主治。
男元犀按：肝为血海，气通胞中，主宣布之权。虚则失其权矣。曰先血后便者，肝失其统，不能下宣，致胞中之血渗入肛门也。近血者，胃接二肠，胞与肠前后，此之最近也。若胃肠受湿热，致伤其气，必通于胞中，而迫血妄行。赤小豆入心清热，解脏毒。当归入肝补虚散郁，能宣其血入于经隧也。
For the treatment of persistent hematemesis (vomiting blood), this decoction is indicated.
Cacumen Platycladi (Baiye), dried ginger (Ganjiang) [each 3 liang], mugwort leaf (Aiye) [3 bundles].
Take the above three herbs, add five sheng of water and one sheng of horse dung juice (Matong zhi), boil together to obtain one sheng of liquid, divide into two doses, and take warm. *Qianjin Fang* adds three liang of prepared donkey-hide gelatin (Ejiao), which is also excellent.
The verse states: Hematemesis occurs frequently and refuses to cease. (When vomiting persists for a long time, all medicines of cold, heat, tonification, and purgation have been exhausted.) Trace the source with about one sheng of Matong. (Heat qi hides in the Yin aspect, forcing blood to move recklessly without stopping. The horse belongs to Fire; use its connecting nature of similar qi to guide it out.) Three liang of Ganjiang and three bundles of Aiye. (These two herbs disperse warmth, venting the heat so it moves to the Yang aspect; thus, the blood in the Yin aspect has no force to compel it and remains within the vessels.) Seek three liang of Baiye to regulate the Yin. (Baiye suppresses...)
The sub-notes on the previous verse are quite detailed, requiring no further explanation. However, whenever I use the aforementioned formula, patients are often startled and doubtful, unable to listen. Now I propose an modified method, using fresh lateral...
For the treatment of lower gastrointestinal bleeding where defecation precedes bleeding, this is termed "distant blood" (Yuanxue). This formula is also indicated for hematemesis and epistaxis (nosebleed).
Licorice root (Gancao), Rehmannia root prepared (Shu Dihuang), Atractodes rhizome (Baizhu), Aconite root lateralis preparata (Fuzi, processed), Donkey-hide gelatin (Ejiao), Scutellaria root (Huangqin) [each 3 liang], soil from the center of the stove (Zaozhong Huangtu) [half jin].
Take the above seven herbs, add eight sheng of water, boil to obtain three sheng, divide into three doses, and take warm.
The verse states: Distant blood appears as stool followed by blood; do not hesitate regarding half a jin of Huangtu. Baizhu, Ejiao, Fuzi, Shu Dihuang, Huangqin, and Gancao, taken together in three liang each, cover various blood disorders. (Not only treating lower...)
Wang Jin-san stated that in *Jinkui Yaolue*, lower gastrointestinal bleeding where blood appears before stool is termed "close blood" (Jinxue), clearly indicating injury to the spleen collaterals, with blood seeping daily into the intestines and accumulating below, hence the stool is not...
Of Ejiao Yuanxue Ganjiang (see Huo huo disease.) For the treatment of lower gastrointestinal bleeding where blood appears before stool, this is termed "close blood" (Jinxue). This formula is indicated.
Nan Yuanxi notes: The Liver is the sea of blood, its qi connects with the uterus/cyst (Baozhong), governing the authority of distribution. When deficient, it loses this authority. To say blood appears before stool means the Liver fails to control, cannot distribute downward, causing blood from the Baozhong to seep into the anus. Close blood refers to the stomach connecting to the large and small intestines, with the Baozhong anterior and posterior to the intestines, being the closest relationship. If the stomach and intestines are affected by damp-heat, injuring their qi, it must connect to the Baozhong, forcing blood to move recklessly. Adzuki bean (Chixiaodou) enters the Heart to clear heat and resolve internal toxicity. Angelica sinensis (Danggui) enters the Liver to tonify deficiency and dissipate stagnation, able to distribute blood into the meridians and collaterals.