形肉已脱,一夺也;大脱血之后,是二夺也;大汗出之后,是三夺也;大泄之后,是四
夺也;新产大血之后,是五夺也;此皆不可泻。
春刺夏分,脉乱气微,八淫骨髓,病不能愈,又且少气。春刺秋分,筋挛逆气,环为咳
嗽,
病不愈,令人时惊,又且哭。春刺冬分,邪气着藏,令人胀,病不愈,又且欲言语。夏刺春
分,病不愈,令人懈惰。夏刺秋分,病不愈,令人欲无言,惕惕如人将捕之。夏刺冬分,病
不愈,令人少气,时欲怒。秋刺春分,病不已,令人惕然欲有所为,起而忘之。秋刺夏分,
病不已,令人益嗜卧,又且善梦。秋刺冬分,病不已,令人淅淅时寒。冬刺春分,病不已,
令人欲卧不能眠,眠而有见。冬刺夏分,病不愈,令人上气,发为诸痹。冬刺秋分,病不已
,令人善渴。春刺络脉,血气外溢,令人少气。春刺肌肉,血气环逆,令人上气。春刺筋骨
,血气内着,令人腹胀。夏刺经脉,血气乃竭,令人解亦。夏刺肌肉,血气内却,令人善悲
。夏刺筋骨,血气上逆,令人善怒。秋刺经脉,血气上逆,令人善忘。秋刺络脉,气不外行
,令人卧不欲动。秋刺筋骨,血气内散,令人寒栗。冬刺经脉,血气皆脱,令人目不明。冬
刺络脉,内气外泄,留为大痹。冬刺肌肉,阳气竭绝令人善忘。凡此四时刺者,大逆之病,
不可不从也。反之,则生乱气相淫病焉。
形体肌肉已经极度消瘦,这是第一种“夺”(正气大伤);大量失血之后,这是第二种“夺”;大汗淋漓之后,这是第三种“夺”;严重腹泻之后,这是第四种“夺”;刚分娩且大量出血之后,这是第五种“夺”;这五种情况都不可使用泻法。
在春季针刺夏季对应的部位(或指误刺当夏之脉/气),会导致脉象紊乱、气息微弱,邪气深入骨髓,疾病不能痊愈,并且会出现气短的症状。在春季针刺秋季对应的部位,会导致筋脉拘挛、气机逆乱,环绕周身出现咳嗽,疾病不能痊愈,使人时常惊恐,并且会哭泣。在春季针刺冬季对应的部位,邪气附着于内脏,使人腹胀,疾病不能痊愈,并且使人多言妄语。
在夏季针刺春季对应的部位,疾病不能痊愈,使人懈怠懒惰。在夏季针刺秋季对应的部位,疾病不能痊愈,使人不想说话,心中惕惕不安,好像有人要抓捕自己一样。在夏季针刺冬季对应的部位,疾病不能痊愈,使人气短,时常想要发怒。
在秋季针刺春季对应的部位,疾病不愈,使人心中惊惕,想要有所作为,但起身后就忘记了。在秋季针刺夏季对应的部位,疾病不愈,使人更加嗜睡,并且容易做梦。在秋季针刺冬季对应的部位,疾病不愈,使人感到寒冷战栗。
在冬季针刺春季对应的部位,疾病不愈,使人想躺下却无法入睡,睡眠中会出现幻觉。在冬季针刺夏季对应的部位,疾病不能痊愈,使人气逆向上,引发各种痹证。在冬季针刺秋季对应的部位,疾病不愈,使人容易口渴。
如果在春季针刺络脉,会导致血气外溢,使人气短。如果在春季针刺肌肉,会导致血气循环逆乱,使人气逆向上。如果在春季针刺筋骨,会导致血气内陷滞留,使人腹部胀满。
如果在夏季针刺经脉,会导致血气枯竭,使人肢体懈怠无力。如果在夏季针刺肌肉,会导致血气向内退缩,使人容易悲伤。如果在夏季针刺筋骨,会导致血气上逆,使人容易发怒。
如果在秋季针刺经脉,会导致血气上逆,使人容易健忘。如果在秋季针刺络脉,会导致气机不能向外运行,使人卧床而不愿活动。如果在秋季针刺筋骨,会导致血气内部散乱,使人寒战栗动。
如果在冬季针刺经脉,会导致血气和气都脱失,使人视力不明。如果在冬季针刺络脉,会导致体内之气外泄,留滞成为严重的痹证。如果在冬季针刺肌肉,会导致阳气竭绝,使人容易健忘。
以上这些违背四时规律进行针刺的情况,都是严重的逆乱病症,必须谨慎对待,不可违犯。如果违反这些原则,就会导致气机混乱,邪气相互侵淫而产生疾病。
When the flesh and muscles are already emaciated, this is the first "depletion" (severe loss of healthy qi); after massive hemorrhage, this is the second "depletion"; after profuse sweating, this is the third "depletion"; after severe diarrhea, this is the fourth "depletion"; after recent childbirth accompanied by massive blood loss, this is the fifth "depletion". In all these five conditions, draining methods (Xie Fa) must not be used.
If needling is performed in Spring corresponding to Summer (misapplying Summer's protocol), the pulse becomes chaotic and Qi becomes faint; pathogenic factors penetrate into the bone marrow, the disease cannot be cured, and shortness of breath occurs. If needling is performed in Spring corresponding to Autumn, tendon cramping and rebellious Qi occur, accompanied by coughing around the body; the disease cannot be cured, causing frequent fright and weeping. If needling is performed in Spring corresponding to Winter, pathogenic factors adhere to the Zang organs, causing abdominal distension; the disease cannot be cured, leading to excessive talkativeness.
If needling is performed in Summer corresponding to Spring, the disease cannot be cured, causing lethargy and lassitude. If needling is performed in Summer corresponding to Autumn, the disease cannot be cured, causing silence and a sense of terror as if someone were about to capture them. If needling is performed in Summer corresponding to Winter, the disease cannot be cured, causing shortness of breath and frequent anger.
If needling is performed in Autumn corresponding to Spring, the disease persists, causing a startled feeling where one desires to act but forgets upon standing. If needling is performed in Autumn corresponding to Summer, the disease persists, causing increased propensity for sleep and vivid dreaming. If needling is performed in Autumn corresponding to Winter, the disease persists, causing shivering and cold sensations.
If needling is performed in Winter corresponding to Spring, the disease persists, causing an inability to fall asleep despite wanting to lie down, with visual hallucinations during sleep. If needling is performed in Winter corresponding to Summer, the disease cannot be cured, causing rebellious Qi upward and manifesting as various Bi syndromes (painful obstruction). If needling is performed in Winter corresponding to Autumn, the disease persists, causing excessive thirst.
If collateral vessels (Luo Mai) are needled in Spring, blood and Qi overflow outward, causing shortness of Qi. If muscles are needled in Spring, blood and Qi circulate in rebellion, causing rebellious Qi upward. If sinews and bones are needled in Spring, blood and Qi sink and stagnate internally, causing abdominal distension.
If meridians (Jing Mai) are needled in Summer, blood and Qi become exhausted, causing limb flaccidity and weakness. If muscles are needled in Summer, blood and Qi retreat inward, causing frequent sadness. If sinews and bones are needled in Summer, blood and Qi rebel upward, causing frequent anger.
If meridians are needled in Autumn, blood and Qi rebel upward, causing frequent forgetfulness. If collateral vessels are needled in Autumn, Qi fails to circulate outward, causing a desire to lie down and reluctance to move. If sinews and bones are needled in Autumn, blood and Qi scatter internally, causing chills and trembling.
If meridians are needled in Winter, both blood and Qi are depleted, causing blurred vision. If collateral vessels are needled in Winter, internal Qi leaks outward, remaining as severe Bi syndrome. If muscles are needled in Winter, Yang Qi is exhausted and severed, causing frequent forgetfulness.
All the above cases of needling contrary to the four seasons constitute major violations (Da Ni) and diseases that must be strictly avoided. Violating these principles results in chaotic Qi flow and pathogenic factors invading each other, generating disease.