\r侧面部左右十四穴（更二穴）\pf-f9.bmp\r
上关二穴。一名客主人。在耳前起骨上廉。开口有空。动脉宛宛中。灸七壮。艾炷不用
大。箸头作炷。若针、必须侧卧张口取之。乃得。禁针深。问曰、何以不得针深。岐伯曰、上关
若刺深。令人欠而不得KT 。下关久留针。即KT 而不得欠。牙关急。是故上关不得刺深。下关
不得久留针也。明云、客主二穴。针入一分。留之。得气即泻。日灸七壮至二百。炷不用
大。其针灸之。必须侧卧张口取之。乃得穴。避风。下云、灸一壮。
按素问刺禁曰、刺客主人内陷中脉。为内漏为聋。注云、言刺太深、则交脉破决。故为
耳内之漏。脉内漏则气不营。故聋。审若是、又不止令人欠而不得KT 而已。用针者所当知也。
下关二穴。在上关下耳前动脉下廉。合口有空。开口即闭。针入四分。得气即泻。禁灸
。又云、下关不得久留针。（见上）侧卧闭口取穴。
前关二穴。在目后半寸。亦云太阳之穴。理风赤眼头痛目眩目涩。不灸。针三分。（明）
铜人有上关下关各二穴。素问亦同。但明堂上下经有上关而无下关。惟上经有前关穴。
又不与下关穴同在上关之下。恐别。自是前关穴。一名太阳穴。理风赤眼头痛目眩涩等疾。所不
可废。故附入于下关之后。
和 二穴。在耳前兑发下横动脉。针七分。灸三壮。素注，在耳前锐发下横动脉。
和 二穴。在耳前锐发陷中。明堂上经亦有和 二穴。 即 也。在鼻孔下夹水沟旁五
即铜人之禾 。明堂下经之禾 也。或者明堂上经误写禾字作和字尔。恐人以和 和
听会二穴。在耳微前陷中。上关下一寸。动脉宛宛中。张口得之。针七分。留三呼。
得气即泻。不须补。日灸五壮。止三七壮。十日后根据前报灸。明云、针三分。忌冷食呵。
下云、灸三壮。（一云听呵前一云后名听会。）一名听呵。
耳门二穴。在耳前起肉当耳缺者陷中。针三分。留三呼。
灸三壮。明下云禁灸。有病不过三壮。
听宫二穴。在耳中珠子大如赤小豆。针三分。灸三壮。明云、针一分。
颊车二穴。在耳下曲颊端陷中。针四分。得气即泻。日灸七壮。止七七。炷如大麦。忌同。
明下云、在耳下二韭叶陷中。灸三壮。又云、耳下曲颊骨后。千云、一名机关。在耳下八
分。小近前。
侧面部左右十四穴（另加二穴）
上关穴，左右各一。又名客主人穴。位于耳前隆起骨骼的上缘。张口时此处有空隙，动脉搏动宛然其中。可灸七壮，艾炷不宜过大，可用筷子头大小作为艾炷。若需针刺，必须侧卧并张口取穴，这样才能准确定位。禁止深刺。问：为什么不能深刺？岐伯说：如果上关穴刺得太深，会导致人打哈欠且无法闭口；下关穴若久留针，则会导致无法打哈欠且嘴巴紧闭、牙关紧急。所以上关穴不可深刺，下关穴不可久留针。明代医家云：客主人和下关这两个穴位，进针一分，留针，得气后立即泻法。每日灸七壮，最多至二百壮，艾炷不宜过大。针灸这两个穴位时，必须侧卧张口取穴，才能取准穴位，并注意避风。下文又说：灸一壮。
按《素问·刺禁论》记载：刺客主人穴若向内陷进入中脉，会导致耳内漏脓甚至耳聋。注释说：意思是刺得太深，会使交错的经脉破裂决口，从而导致耳内流脓。经脉内部渗漏，气血就不能濡养耳窍，所以导致耳聋。如果真是这样，那就不仅仅是让人打哈欠且无法闭口那么简单了。使用针具的人应当知晓这一点。
下关穴，左右各一。位于上关穴下方，耳前动脉的下缘。闭口时有空隙，张口时则闭合。进针四分，得气后立即泻法。禁止艾灸。又云：下关穴不得久留针。（见上文）侧卧闭口取穴。
前关穴，左右各一。位于目后半寸处，也说是太阳经的穴位。主治风热赤眼、头痛、目眩、目涩等症。不灸。进针三分。（出自明代《铜人腧穴针灸图经》）
《铜人腧穴针灸图经》中有上关、下关各两穴，《素问》中也相同。但《明堂上下经》中只有上关穴而没有下关穴，只有《上经》有前关穴。而且前关穴并不与下关穴同在上关穴之下，恐怕有所不同，这应该是独立的前关穴。又名太阳穴，主治风热赤眼、头痛、目眩、目涩等疾病，是不可废弃的穴位，所以附在下关穴之后。
和髎穴，左右各一。位于耳前鬓角发际下横行的动脉处。进针七分，灸三壮。《素问》注解说：在耳前锐利发际下的横行动脉处。
和髎穴，左右各一。位于耳前锐利发际的凹陷中。《明堂上经》也有和髎穴。“和”即“禾”字之误。位于鼻孔下方，夹水沟旁五分的穴位，即是《铜人腧穴针灸图经》中的禾髎穴，也是《明堂下经》中的禾髎穴。或许是《明堂上经》误将“禾”字写成了“和”字罢了。恐怕人们会将和髎与听会混淆。
听会穴，左右各一。位于耳前微前的凹陷中，上关穴下一寸，动脉搏动宛然其中，张口时可取到。进针七分，留针三次呼吸的时间，得气后立即泻法，不需要补法。每日灸五壮，最多止于三七二十一壮。十日后根据之前的情况再次施灸。明代医家云：进针三分。忌食冷物及呵气。下文说：灸三壮。（一种说法叫听呵，前一说法后一字为呵，后一说法名为听会。）又名听呵。
耳门穴，左右各一。位于耳前隆起的肌肉正对耳缺口的凹陷中。进针三分，留针三次呼吸的时间。灸三壮。明代著作中说禁止艾灸，若有病证也不超过三壮。
听宫穴，左右各一。位于耳中，珠状突起大如赤小豆处。进针三分，灸三壮。明代医家云：进针一分。
颊车穴，左右各一。位于耳下曲颊骨端的凹陷中。进针四分，得气后立即泻法。每日灸七壮，最多止于七七四十九壮。艾炷如大麦大小。禁忌同上。明代著作中说：位于耳下两韭菜叶宽的凹陷中，灸三壮。又云：位于耳下曲颊骨后方。千云说：又名机关穴，位于耳下八分，稍靠前。
Fourteen Acupoints on the Left and Right Sides of the Lateral Face (Plus Two Additional Points)
Shangguan (GB 3, Guest Master): There are two points. Also known as Keyuzhuren. Located at the upper margin of the prominent bone in front of the ear. An opening appears when the mouth is open, with a pulsating artery in the depression. Moxibustion: seven moxa cones. The moxa cone should not be large; use a size comparable to the head of a chopstick. For acupuncture, one must lie on the side with the mouth open to locate the point accurately. Deep insertion is prohibited. Question: Why can it not be inserted deeply? Qibo said: If Shangguan is needled too deeply, it causes yawning with an inability to close the mouth. If Xiaguan retains the needle for a long time, it causes an inability to yawn with a closed mouth and stiff jaw. Therefore, Shangguan should not be needled deeply, and Xiaguan should not retain the needle for long. Mingjia stated: For Keyuzhuren (Shangguan) and Xiaguan, insert one fen, retain the needle, and apply reducing method upon arrival of qi. Moxibustion: seven cones daily, up to two hundred cones. The moxa cone should not be large. When needling or moxibusting these points, one must lie on the side with the mouth open to locate them accurately, and avoid wind. The text below also mentions: one cone.
According to *Suwen: Jin Ci* (Needling Prohibitions): "If one needles Keyuzhuren and penetrates deeply into the middle vessel, it causes internal leakage and deafness." The commentary states: This means that if needled too deeply, the intersecting vessels rupture, causing leakage within the ear. Internal leakage of the vessel prevents qi from nourishing, leading to deafness. If this is true, the consequences go beyond merely causing yawning with an inability to close the mouth. Practitioners using needles must be aware of this.
Xiaguan (ST 7, Lower Gate): There are two points. Located below Shangguan, at the lower margin of the arterial pulse in front of the ear. An opening appears when the mouth is closed, and closes when the mouth is open. Acupuncture: insert four fen, apply reducing method upon arrival of qi. Moxibustion is prohibited. It is also stated: Xiaguan should not retain the needle for long. (See above). Locate the point lying on the side with the mouth closed.
Qianguan (Extra Point): There are two points. Located half a cun behind the eye. Also referred to as a Taiyang point. Indications include wind-heat red eyes, headache, vertigo, and dry eyes. Moxibustion is not applied. Acupuncture: insert three fen. (*Ming Dynasty Copper Man Manual*)
The *Copper Man Manual* lists two points each for Shangguan and Xiaguan, which is consistent with *Suwen*. However, *Mingtang Shangxia Jing* only lists Shangguan and omits Xiaguan, while *Shangjing* only lists Qianguan. Furthermore, Qianguan is not located directly below Shangguan like Xiaguan, suggesting they may be distinct. This is likely an independent Qianguan point, also known as Taiyang point. It treats conditions such as wind-heat red eyes, headache, vertigo, and dry eyes, and is indispensable. Therefore, it is appended after Xiaguan.
Heliao (SI 19, Harmony Liaison): There are two points. Located below the temporal hairline in front of the ear, over the transverse arterial pulse. Acupuncture: insert seven fen. Moxibustion: three cones. *Suwen* commentary states: Below the sharp temporal hairline in front of the ear, over the transverse arterial pulse.
Heliao (SI 19): There are two points. Located in the depression below the sharp temporal hairline in front of the ear. *Mingtang Shangjing* also lists Heliao. "He" is a variant/erroneous form of "He". The point located below the nostrils, five fen lateral to Shuigou (GV 26), is the Heliáo (SI 18) of the *Copper Man Manual* and the *Mingtang Xiajing*. It is possible that *Mingtang Shangjing* erroneously wrote "He" instead of "He". This might cause confusion between Heliao and Tinghui.
Tinghui (GB 2, Hearing Meeting): There are two points. Located in the slight depression anterior to the ear, one cun below Shangguan, where the arterial pulse is palpable. Open the mouth to locate the point. Acupuncture: insert seven fen, retain for three breaths, apply reducing method upon arrival of qi, no tonification needed. Moxibustion: five cones daily, maximum twenty-one cones (three times seven). Reapply ten days later according to previous indications. Mingjia stated: Insert three fen. Avoid cold food and yawning. The text below says: Three cones. (One version calls it Tinghe, another distinguishes Tinghe and Tinghui). Also known as Tinghe.
Ermen (TE 21, Ear Gate): There are two points. Located in the depression of the raised flesh in front of the ear, opposite the ear notch. Acupuncture: insert three fen, retain for three breaths. Moxibustion: three cones. Mingjia states moxibustion is prohibited; if used for disease, do not exceed three cones.
Tinggong (SI 19, Hearing Palace): There are two points. Located in the ear, at the pearl-like prominence the size of a red bean. Acupuncture: insert three fen. Moxibustion: three cones. Mingjia stated: Insert one fen.
Jiache (ST 6, Cheek Carriage): There are two points. Located in the depression at the end of the curved jawbone below the ear. Acupuncture: insert four fen, apply reducing method upon arrival of qi. Moxibustion: seven cones daily, maximum forty-nine cones (seven times seven). Moxa cone size like a large barley grain. Taboos are the same as above. Mingjia stated: Located in the depression two leek-leaf widths below the ear, three cones. Also stated: Behind the curved jawbone below the ear. Qianyun stated: Also known as Jiguan (Joint Mechanism), located eight fen below the ear, slightly forward.