既灸。忌猪鱼热面生酒动风冷物。鸡肉最毒。而房劳尤当忌也。
下经云、灸时不得伤饱大饥饮酒。食生硬物。兼忌思虑忧愁恚怒呼骂呼嗟叹息等。(今
下里人灸后。亦忌饮水。将水濯手足。)
千金云、欲行针灸。先知行年宜忌。及人神所在。不与禁忌相应即可。故男忌除。女忌
破。
男忌戊。女忌己。有日神忌。有毒月忌。有十二时忌。有四季人神。有十二部人神。有十二
部年人神。有九部旁通人神。有杂忌旁通。又有所谓血支血忌之类。凡医者不能知此避忌
若逢病患厄会。男女气怯。下手至困。通人达士。岂拘此哉。若遇急卒暴患。不拘此法。许
希亦云、若人病卒暴、宜急疗。亦不拘此。故后之医者、亦云卒暴之疾。须速灸疗。一日之
间。止忌一时是也。千金云、痈疽疔肿喉痹客忤尤为急。凡作汤药。不可避凶日。觉病须臾
。即宜便治。又曰、凡人卒暴得风。或中时气。凡百所苦。须急救疗。渐久后皆难愈。此论
甚当。夫急难之际。命在须臾。必待吉日后治。已沦于鬼录矣。此所以不可拘避忌也。惟平
居治病于未形。选天德月德等日服药针灸可也。
千金云、日正午以后乃可灸。谓阴气未至。灸无不着。午前平旦、谷气虚。令人癫眩。
不可针灸。卒急者、不用此例。
下经云、灸时若遇阴雾大风雪猛雨炎暑雷电虹霓暂停。候晴明即再灸。急难亦不拘此。
艾灸之后,忌食猪肉、鱼类、热面条、生酒以及动风、生冷之物。鸡肉毒性最大,而房事劳损尤其应当禁忌。
《下经》记载:施灸时不得在过饱或极度饥饿的状态下进行,也不得饮酒,食用生冷坚硬的食物,同时需避免思虑、忧愁、愤怒、呼骂、叹息等情绪波动。(如今乡间百姓在灸后,也忌讳饮水,甚至用冷水清洗手足。)
《千金方》记载:施行针灸前,须先知晓当年的行年宜忌,以及“人神”所在方位,只要不与禁忌相冲即可。因此男子忌“除日”,女子忌“破日”。
男子忌戊日,女子忌己日。有日神禁忌,有毒月禁忌,有十二时辰禁忌,有四季人神禁忌,有十二部人神禁忌,有十二部年人神禁忌,有九部旁通人神禁忌,有杂忌旁通,还有所谓的血支、血忌之类禁忌。凡是医者不能知晓这些避忌,若逢病患厄运交会之时,男女气机怯弱,下手施治就会非常困难。通达之士,难道会拘泥于此吗?如果遇到急骤暴发的病症,不拘泥于这些法则。许希也说:如果病人突发急病,应当紧急治疗,也不拘泥于此。所以后来的医家也说,对于急骤暴发的疾病,必须迅速施灸治疗,一天之中只忌讳某一个时辰罢了。《千金方》又说:痈疽、疔肿、喉痹、客忤(外邪侵袭)尤为紧急。凡制作汤药,不可避开凶日,感觉患病片刻,就应当立即治疗。又说:凡人突然遭受风邪侵袭,或者感染时气,无论何种痛苦,都必须急救治疗,拖延日久后就难以治愈。这种论述非常恰当。在危急关头,生命只在顷刻之间,如果一定要等待吉日后再治疗,那人已经进入鬼录(死亡)了。这就是不可以拘泥于避忌的原因。只有在平时治病于未发之时,选择天德、月德等吉日服药针灸才可以。
《千金方》记载:正午以后才可以施灸,因为此时阴气尚未到来,施灸没有不生效的。午前平旦时分,谷气虚弱,令人癫狂眩晕,不可针灸。除非是紧急情况,否则不适用此例。
《下经》记载:施灸时如果遇到阴雾、大风、大雪、猛雨、炎热酷暑、雷电、虹霓等情况,应暂停施灸,等候天气晴朗明亮时再施灸。遇到急难情况也不拘泥于此。
After moxibustion, one must avoid consuming pork, fish, hot noodles, raw wine, and foods that induce wind or are cold in nature. Chicken meat is considered most toxic, and sexual exertion is particularly contraindicated.
The *Xia Jing* (Lower Classic) states: During moxibustion, one must not be overly full or extremely hungry, nor should one drink alcohol or consume raw, hard foods. One must also avoid emotional fluctuations such as excessive thinking, sorrow, anger, cursing, sighing, etc. (Currently, villagers after moxibustion also avoid drinking water and even washing their hands and feet with cold water.)
The *Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) states: Before performing acupuncture and moxibustion, one must first know the auspicious and inauspicious days of the current year, as well as the location of the "Ren Shen" (Human Spirit), provided it does not conflict with taboos. Therefore, men should avoid "Chu" days (days of removal), and women should avoid "Po" days (days of destruction).
Men should avoid Wu days, and women should avoid Ji days. There are taboos regarding Day Spirits, Poisonous Months, Twelve Hour Periods, Four Seasons Ren Shen, Twelve Departments Ren Shen, Twelve Department Annual Ren Shen, Nine Department Side-Passing Ren Shen, miscellaneous side-passing taboos, and so-called Blood Branch and Blood Taboo types. If physicians do not know these avoidance rules, and encounter patients during periods of misfortune or weak Qi, treatment will be difficult to perform effectively. Enlightened scholars, however, would not be bound by such rigidities. In cases of sudden, acute illnesses, these rules do not apply. Xu Xi also stated: If a patient suffers from a sudden acute illness, urgent treatment is required, without being bound by these taboos. Thus, later physicians also stated that for sudden, acute diseases, rapid moxibustion treatment is necessary; within a day, only one specific hour needs to be avoided. The *Qianjin Fang* further states: Carbuncles, furuncles, Ding swellings, throat bi (obstruction), and Ke Wu (external pathogenic invasion) are particularly urgent. When preparing decoctions, one must not avoid inauspicious days; as soon as illness is felt, immediate treatment is required. It also states: When a person suddenly contracts wind pathogens or seasonal qi, causing any suffering, emergency treatment is essential; if delayed, recovery becomes difficult. This argument is very sound. In critical situations, life hangs in the balance; if one waits for an auspicious day to treat, the patient will have already died. This is why one should not be bound by avoidance taboos. Only when treating potential diseases before they manifest in daily life is it appropriate to select auspicious days like Tian De (Heavenly Virtue) or Yue De (Monthly Virtue) for medication and acupuncture/moxibustion.
The *Qianjin Fang* states: Moxibustion can only be performed after noon, because Yin Qi has not yet arrived, ensuring the moxibustion takes effect. In the morning before noon, Gu Qi (Grain Qi) is deficient, which can lead to mania and dizziness; thus, acupuncture and moxibustion should not be performed then. This rule does not apply in emergencies.
The *Xia Jing* states: If one encounters cloudy fog, strong winds, heavy snow, torrential rain, extreme heat, thunderstorms, or rainbows during moxibustion, one should pause and resume only when the weather clears and brightens. Emergency situations are not bound by this rule.