少商鱼际与太渊。经渠尺泽肺相连。商阳二三间合谷。阳溪曲池大肠牵。少冲少府属于
心。
窍阴侠溪临泣胆。丘墟阳辅阳陵泉。隐白大都太白脾。商丘阴陵切要知。涌泉然谷太溪穴。
复溜阴谷肾之经。厉兑内庭陷谷胃。冲阳解溪三里随。至阴通谷束京骨。昆仑委中是膀胱。
中冲
流注五行全。
禁针穴道要先明。脑户囟会及神庭。络却玉枕角孙穴。颅息承泣随承灵。神道灵台膻
。水分神阙并会阴。横骨气冲手五里。箕门承筋并青灵。更加臂上三阳络。二十二穴不可针
。孕妇不宜针合谷。三阴交内亦同伦。石门针灸应须忌。女子终身无妊娠。外有云门并鸠尾
。缺盆客主人莫深。肩井针时令闷倒。三里急补命还平。
禁灸之穴四十五。承光哑门并风府。天柱素 临泣上。晴明攒竹迎香数。禾 颧 丝
。头维下关与脊中。肩贞心俞白环俞。天牖人迎共乳中。周荣渊液并鸠尾。腹哀少商鱼际同
。经渠天府中冲位。阳关阳池地五会。隐白漏谷阴陵泉。条口犊鼻并阴市。伏免髀关及委中
。殷门申脉承扶忌。
机按。难经所解。义犹未悉。且举心言之。经文虚实字。指虚邪实邪言。非心之虚实也
如从心之后来者为虚邪。虚邪伤心当补。然心之后肝。肝为心之母也。从心之前来者为实邪
。实邪伤心当写。然心之前脾。脾为心之子也。举此以例。从心所胜来者为微邪。微邪。金
也。微邪伤心亦当补。从心所不胜来者为贼邪。贼邪。水也。贼邪伤心亦当写。可见
肝肺同一虚邪而当补。脾肾同一实邪而当写。至于心之正邪。火也。心病于火。乃本经自病
。既非他经之虚邪来伤。亦非他经之实邪来袭。是以不须补写他经。只就本经之虚实以补写
也。故曰。不虚不实。以经取之。不虚不实。亦指虚邪实邪言。如此分解。其义方尽。可将
此连前后数篇观之。则可见矣。
少商、鱼际与太渊，经渠、尺泽与肺经相连。商阳、二间、三间、合谷，阳溪、曲池与大肠经相牵。少冲、少府属于心经。窍阴、侠溪、足临泣属胆经。丘墟、阳辅、阳陵泉亦属胆经。隐白、大都、太白属脾经。商丘、阴陵泉需切要知晓。涌泉、然谷、太溪穴，复溜、阴谷为肾之经脉。厉兑、内庭、陷谷属胃经。冲阳、解溪、足三里相随。至阴、通谷、束骨、京骨，昆仑、委中是膀胱经。中冲穴流注五行之气完备。
必须首先明确禁针的穴位：脑户、囟会及神庭。络却、玉枕、角孙穴，颅息、承泣随承灵穴。神道、灵台、膻中，水分、神阙并会阴。横骨、气冲、手五里，箕门、承筋并青灵。再加上臂上的三阳络，共二十二个穴位不可针刺。孕妇不宜针刺合谷，三阴交也与此同类（禁忌）。石门穴针灸应当忌讳，若施治则女子终身无法怀孕。此外还有云门并鸠尾，缺盆、客主人不可深刺。肩井穴针刺时可能导致晕倒，若出现此情况，急补足三里可使生命平复。
禁灸的穴位有四十五个：承光、哑门并风府。天柱、素髎、临泣上星，睛明、攒竹、迎香数算。禾髎、颧髎、丝竹空，头维、下关与脊中。肩贞、心俞、白环俞。天牖、人迎共乳中。周荣、渊液并鸠尾。腹哀、少商、鱼际相同（亦禁灸）。经渠、天府、中冲位，阳关、阳池、地五会。隐白、漏谷、阴陵泉。条口、犊鼻并阴市。伏免、髀关及委中忌灸。殷门、申脉、承扶忌灸。
汪机按语：《难经》中的解释，义理尚不完全明晰。暂且以心脏为例说明。经文中的“虚”、“实”二字，指的是虚邪和实邪，而非心脏本身的虚实。例如，从心脏后方传来的为虚邪，虚邪伤心应当补益。然而心脏之后是肝脏，肝为心之母（子病补母）。从心脏前方传来的为实邪，实邪伤心应当泻除。然而心脏之前是脾脏，脾为心之子（实则泻其子）。举此例类推：从心所胜（我克者）传来的为微邪，微邪属金；微邪伤心亦当补益。从心所不胜（克我者）传来的为贼邪，贼邪属水；贼邪伤心亦当泻除。由此可见，肝和肺同受虚邪侵袭而应当补益，脾和肾同受实邪侵袭而应当泻除。至于心的正邪，属火。心病于火，是本经自病。既非他经的虚邪来伤害，也非他经的实邪来袭击。因此不需要补泻他经，只需根据本经的虚实进行补泻即可。所以说：“不虚不实，以经取之。”这里的“不虚不实”，也是指没有虚邪或实邪的情况而言。如此分解，其义理方能穷尽。可以将此段与前后的几篇文章连起来阅读，就能明白了。
Shao Shang (LU11), Yu Ji (LU10) and Tai Yuan (LU9) are connected to the Lung Meridian. Jing Qu (LU8) and Chi Ze (LU5) connect with Shang Yang (LI1), Er Jian (LI2), San Jian (LI3), He Gu (LI4), Yang Xi (LI5) and Qu Chi (LI11), which are linked to the Large Intestine Meridian. Shao Chong (HT9) and Shao Fu (HT8) belong to the Heart Meridian. Xiao Yao (GB1), Xia Xi (GB43) and Lin Qi (GB14) [Foot-Lin Qi] belong to the Gallbladder Meridian. Qiu Xu (GB40), Yang Fu (GB38) and Yang Ling Quan (GB34) also belong to the Gallbladder Meridian. Yin Bai (SP1), Da Du (SP2) and Tai Bai (SP3) belong to the Spleen Meridian. Shang Qiu (SP5) and Yin Ling Quan (SP9) must be known thoroughly. Yong Quan (KI1), Ran Gu (KI2) and Tai Xi (KI3) acupoints, plus Liu Gui (KI7) and Yin Gu (KI10) constitute the Kidney Meridian. Li Dui (ST45), Nei Ting (ST44) and Xian Gu (ST43) belong to the Stomach Meridian. Chong Yang (ST42), Jie Xi (ST41) and Zu San Li (ST36) follow. Zhi Yin (BL67), Tong Gu (BL66), Shu Gu (BL65) and Jing Gu (BL64), Kun Lun (BL60) and Wei Zhong (BL40) are the Bladder Meridian. Zhong Chong (PC9) circulates the complete Five Elements [Qi].
One must first clearly understand the contraindicated acupoints for needle insertion: Nao Hu (DU16), Xin Hui (DU20) and Shen Ting (DU24). Luo Que (BL19), Yu Zhen (BL17) and Jiao Sun (TE6) acupoints, Lu Xi (TE19), Cheng Qi (ST1) following Cheng Ling (DU10). Shen Dao (DU12), Ling Tai (DU10) [Note: Text says Ling Tai, likely DU10 or similar mid-back point, context implies back shu/midline], Dan Zhong (CV17), Shui Fen (CV9), Shen Que (CV8) and Hui Yin (CV1). Heng Gu (KI12), Qi Chong (ST30) and Shou Wu Li (PC5), Ji Men (SP11), Cheng Jin (BL56) and Qing Ling (HT3). Additionally, San Yang Luo (TE7) on the arm; these twenty-two acupoints must not be needled. Pregnant women should not have He Gu (LI4) needled; San Yin Jiao (SP6) is similarly contraindicated. Shi Men (CV5) must be avoided for both acupuncture and moxibustion; if treated, a woman will never conceive. Furthermore, Yun Men (LU2) and Jiu Wei (CV15); Que Pen (ST12) and Ke Zhu Ren (ST7) must not be inserted deeply. Needling Jian Jing (GB21) may cause fainting; in such cases, urgent tonification of Zu San Li (ST36) will restore stability.
There are forty-five acupoints contraindicated for moxibustion: Cheng Guang (BL6), Ya Men (DU15) and Feng Fu (DU16). Tian Zhu (BL10), Su Liao (DU26), Lin Qi (GB14) above [Shang Xing], Jing Ming (BL1), Zan Zhu (BL2) and Ying Xiang (LI20). He Liao (SI19), Quan Gu (BL78) [Text says Quan Gu, likely referring to cheekbone area or specific point, context implies facial/head points], Si Zhu Kong (TE23). Tou Wei (ST8), Xia Guan (ST7) and Ji Zhong (DU12). Jian Zhen (SI9), Xin Shu (BL15) and Bai Huan Shu (BL30). Tian You (TE16), Ren Ying (ST9) and Ru Zhong (CV17). Zhou Rong (ST23), Yuan Ye (KI15) and Jiu Wei (CV15). Fu Ai (ST25), Shao Shang (LU11) and Yu Ji (LU10) are the same [contraindicated]. Jing Qu (LU8), Tian Fu (LU3) and Zhong Chong (PC9) positions. Yang Guan (EX-BA4) [or BL23? Context suggests extra or specific point], Yang Chi (TE4) and Di Wu Hui (EX-LE1). Yin Bai (SP1), Lou Gu (SP9) and Yin Ling Quan (SP9). Tiao Kou (ST38), Du Bi (EX-LE4) and Yin Shi (ST33). Fu Mian (EX-LE3), Bi Guan (ST31) and Wei Zhong (BL40) are forbidden. Yin Men (BL37), Shen Mai (BL62) and Cheng Fu (BL36) are forbidden.
Wang Ji’s commentary: The interpretation in *Nan Jing* is not entirely clear. Let us take the Heart as an example. The terms "deficiency" (Xu) and "excess" (Shi) in the text refer to deficient pathogenic factors (Xu Xie) and excess pathogenic factors (Shi Xie), not the deficiency or excess of the Heart organ itself. For instance, what comes from behind the Heart is a deficient pathogen (Xu Xie); if it injures the Heart, one should tonify. However, behind the Heart is the Liver, and the Liver is the Mother of the Heart. What comes from the front of the Heart is an excess pathogen (Shi Xie); if it injures the Heart, one should sedate. However, in front of the Heart is the Spleen, and the Spleen is the Child of the Heart. Taking this as an example: what comes from what the Heart overcomes (Metal) is a slight pathogen (Wei Xie); if it injures the Heart, one should tonify. What comes from what overcomes the Heart (Water) is a thieving pathogen (Ze Xie); if it injures the Heart, one should sedate. Thus, the Liver and Lung both receive deficient pathogens and should be tonified, while the Spleen and Kidney both receive excess pathogens and should be sedated. Regarding the Heart's own pathogen, which is Fire: Heart disease due to Fire is a self-disease of the meridian. It is neither a deficient pathogen from another meridian nor an excess pathogen attacking from another meridian. Therefore, there is no need to tonify or sedate other meridians; one should only tonify or sedate based on the deficiency or excess within the meridian itself. Hence it is said: "If there is neither deficiency nor excess, treat according to the meridian." Here, "neither deficiency nor excess" also refers to the absence of deficient or excess pathogens. Only by such analysis can the meaning be fully exhausted. This passage should be read together with the preceding and following chapters to be understood.