足厥阴之脉起于大指聚毛之际(大敦穴)上循足跗上廉(本节前行间穴本节后太冲穴)去内
踝一
寸(中封穴)上踝八寸交出太阴之后上 内廉(曲泉穴)循股阴入毛中环阴器抵小腹挟胃属肝络
胆上贯膈布胁肋循喉咙之后上入颃颡(额也)运目系上出额与督脉会于巅其支者从目系下颊里
环唇内其支者复从肝别贯膈上注肺口(自此交入手太阴)是动则病腰痛不可以俯仰丈夫
疝妇人
小腹肿甚则嗌干面尘脱色是主肝所生病者胸满呕逆洞泄狐疝遗尿闭癃盛者寸口大一倍于人迎
虚者寸口反小于人迎也(灵枢)○丑时自窍阴交与大敦循膝股上行至期门穴止(入门)○厥阴根
于大敦结于玉英络于膻中(灵枢)
大敦二穴在足大指端去爪甲如韭叶后三毛中(入门)○在足大指聚毛中(资生)○足厥阴脉
之所生为井针入三分留六呼可灸三壮(铜人)
行间二穴在足大指间动脉应手(铜人)○在大指次指岐骨间动脉陷中(入门)○足厥阴脉之
所流为荣针入六分留十呼可灸三壮(铜人)
太冲二穴在足大指本节后二寸冲脉中(铜人)○在足大指间本节后二寸动脉应手(资生)○
在行间上二寸(灵枢)○足厥阴脉之所注为 针入二分留十呼可灸三壮(铜人)
中封二穴一名悬泉在足内踝前一寸陷中(铜人)○在内踝前一寸斜行小脉上(资生)○足厥
阴脉
之所行为经仰足取之(灵枢)○针入四分留七呼可灸三壮(铜人)○在内踝之前一寸半陷者之中
使逆则宛使和则通摇足而得之其穴使足逆仰则穴有宛陷可定针使手足和其穴有巷道可通故曰
使逆则宛使和则通也(灵枢)
蠡沟二穴一名交仪在足内踝上五寸足厥阴络别走少阳针入二分留三呼可灸三壮(铜人)
中都二穴一名中 在内踝上七寸胫骨中与少阴相直针入三分可灸五壮(铜人)
膝关二穴在犊鼻下二寸旁陷中向里针入四分可灸五壮(铜人)
曲泉二穴在膝内辅骨下大筋上小筋下陷中屈膝取之(铜人)○在辅骨下横纹尖陷中(入门)
○正
膝屈内外两筋间宛宛中又云在膝曲横纹头(资生)○足厥阴脉之所入为合针入六分留十呼可灸
三壮(铜人)
阴包二穴一名阴胞在膝上四寸股内廉两筋间针入六分可灸三壮(铜人)
五里二穴在气冲下三寸阴股中动脉应手针入六分可灸五壮(铜人)
阴廉二穴在羊朱下去气冲二寸动脉中针入八分留七呼可灸三壮若未经生产妇人可灸即有
子(铜人)○羊朱二穴在气冲外一寸(入门)
章门二穴脾之募也一名长平一名胁 在大横外直脐旁(铜人)○在脐上二寸横取六寸侧胁
季胁
端陷中(入门)○直脐季胁端侧卧屈上足伸下足举臂取之(纲目)在脐上二寸两旁九寸(资生)针
入六分可灸一百壮(铜人)
期门二穴肝之募也在不容旁一寸五分直两乳下第二肋端(铜人)○直两乳下第二肋端旁一
寸半
又云乳直下一寸半(资生)○令人仰卧从脐心正中向上五寸以墨点定从墨点两边横量各二寸半
此乃正穴大约直两乳为的用同身寸(类聚)
足厥阴肝经的经脉,起始于足大趾外侧丛毛处(即大敦穴),向上沿足背内侧缘上行(经过行间穴、太冲穴),距离内踝前一寸处(即中封穴),在内踝上八寸处交叉至足太阴脾经之后,继续上行沿大腿内侧(经过曲泉穴),环绕生殖器,进入小腹,夹行于胃的两侧,归属于肝脏,联络胆腑;向上穿过膈肌,分布于胁肋部,沿喉咙后方,向上进入鼻咽部(颃颡,指额后鼻咽部),连接目系(眼球连系脑部的脉络),向上出于前额,与督脉交会于头顶。其分支从目系下行至面颊内部,环绕口唇内侧。另一分支再从肝脏分出,穿过膈肌,向上注入肺脏(从此处交接给手太阴肺经)。
当本经发生病变时,会出现腰痛,不能前后俯仰;男子患疝气,女子小腹胀满;病情严重时,咽喉干燥,面色如蒙尘垢,失去光泽。本经主治肝脏所生的疾病:胸满、呕吐逆气、洞泄(水样腹泻)、狐疝、遗尿、小便闭塞不通。实证时,寸口脉比人迎脉大一倍;虚证时,寸口脉反而小于人迎脉(出自《灵枢》)。丑时(凌晨1-3点)气血自足少阳胆经窍阴穴交接流入足厥阴肝经的大敦穴,沿膝、股上行,至期门穴止。厥阴经根于大敦穴,结于玉英穴,络于膻中穴(出自《灵枢》)。
大敦穴有两个,位于足大趾末端,距爪甲角后方约韭菜叶宽度处的三毛丛中(出自《入门》)。或在足大趾丛毛中(出自《资生篇》)。足厥阴肝经的原气由此生出,为井穴,针刺深度三分,留针六次呼吸的时间,可艾灸三壮(出自《铜人腧穴针灸图经》)。
行间穴有两个,位于足大趾与次趾之间的动脉搏动处(出自《铜人》)。或在两趾歧骨间的动脉凹陷中(出自《入门》)。足厥阴肝经的气血在此流动,为荣穴,针刺深度六分,留针十次呼吸的时间,可艾灸三壮(出自《铜人》)。
太冲穴有两个,位于足大趾本节后二寸,冲脉之中(出自《铜人》)。或在足大趾间本节后二寸,动脉搏动应手处(出自《资生篇》)。在行间穴上方二寸(出自《灵枢》)。足厥阴肝经的气血在此灌注,为输穴,针刺深度二分,留针十次呼吸的时间,可艾灸三壮(出自《铜人》)。
中封穴有两个,又名悬泉,位于足内踝前一寸的凹陷中(出自《铜人》)。或在内踝前一寸,斜行的小脉之上(出自《资生篇》)。足厥阴肝经的气血由此通行,为经穴,取穴时需仰足(出自《灵枢》)。针刺深度四分,留针七次呼吸的时间,可艾灸三壮(出自《铜人》)。若在内踝前一寸半的凹陷中,使足部逆向扭转则穴位宛陷封闭,使足部和顺则穴位通畅,摇动足部即可找到穴位。因为当足部逆向仰起时,穴位处有宛陷,可以确定进针点;当手足和顺时,穴位处有通道可通,所以称为“使逆则宛,使和则通”(出自《灵枢》)。
蠡沟穴有两个,又名交仪,位于足内踝上五寸,是足厥阴肝经络穴,别走足少阳胆经。针刺深度二分,留针三次呼吸的时间,可艾灸三壮(出自《铜人》)。
中都穴有两个,又名中郄,位于内踝上七寸,胫骨后缘,与足少阴肾经相对直。针刺深度三分,可艾灸五壮(出自《铜人》)。
膝关穴有两个,位于犊鼻穴下二寸,旁侧凹陷中,向里针刺,深度四分,可艾灸五壮(出自《铜人》)。
曲泉穴有两个,位于膝内侧辅骨下方,大筋之上、小筋之下的凹陷中,屈膝取穴(出自《铜人》)。或在辅骨下方的横纹尖端凹陷中(出自《入门》)。正坐屈膝,内外两筋之间的宛宛中,也有说法称在膝弯曲横纹头处(出自《资生篇》)。足厥阴肝经的气血由此汇入,为合穴,针刺深度六分,留针十次呼吸的时间,可艾灸三壮(出自《铜人》)。
阴包穴有两个,又名阴胞,位于膝上四寸,大腿内侧两筋之间,针刺深度六分,可艾灸三壮(出自《铜人》)。
五里穴有两个,位于气冲穴下三寸,阴股中的动脉搏动处,针刺深度六分,可艾灸五壮(出自《铜人》)。
阴廉穴有两个,位于羊朱穴下,距气冲穴二寸的动脉中,针刺深度八分,留针七次呼吸的时间,可艾灸三壮。如果未曾生育的妇女艾灸此穴,即可怀孕(出自《铜人》)。羊朱穴有两个,位于气冲穴外一寸(出自《入门》)。
章门穴有两个,是脾之募穴,又名长平,又名胁髎,位于大横穴外,直对脐旁(出自《铜人》)。或在脐上二寸,横向量取六寸,侧卧于季胁端的凹陷中(出自《入门》)。正对脐部,季胁端,侧卧位,屈上腿,伸下腿,举起手臂取穴(出自《纲目》)。在脐上二寸,两旁各九寸处(出自《资生篇》)。针刺深度六分,可艾灸一百壮(出自《铜人》)。
期门穴有两个,是肝之募穴,位于不容穴旁一寸五分,直对两乳下第二肋端(出自《铜人》)。或直对两乳下第二肋端,旁开一寸半。也有说法称乳头直下一寸半(出自《资生篇》)。令患者仰卧,从肚脐正中向上量五寸,用墨点标记,从墨点两边横向各量二寸半,这才是正穴。大约以两乳头连线为准,使用同身寸测量(出自《类聚方广义》)。
The Foot-Jueyin (Liver) meridian originates at the lateral tuft of hair on the big toe (Dadun, LR1), ascends along the medial margin of the dorsum of the foot (passing Xingjian, LR2 and Taichong, LR3), one cun anterior to the medial malleolus (Zhongfeng, LR4), crosses behind the Foot-Taiyin (Spleen) meridian at eight cun above the ankle, continues upward along the medial aspect of the thigh (Qiquan, LR8), circles the external genitalia, enters the lower abdomen, flanks the stomach, belongs to the Liver, and connects with the Gallbladder. It ascends through the diaphragm, spreads in the hypochondriac region, follows the posterior aspect of the throat, enters the nasopharynx (Hangsang), connects with the eye system (Ocular system connecting to the brain), emerges above the forehead, and meets the Du vessel at the vertex. A branch descends from the eye system to the inner cheek, circling the interior of the lips. Another branch diverges from the Liver, pierces the diaphragm, and flows upward into the Lungs (where it transfers to the Hand-Taiyin Lung meridian).
When pathological changes occur in this meridian, symptoms include lumbar pain preventing flexion and extension, hernia in men, and distension of the lower abdomen in women. In severe cases, there is dryness of the pharynx, a dusty complexion, and loss of luster. This meridian governs diseases generated by the Liver: chest fullness, vomiting and counterflow qi, profuse watery diarrhea, fox hernia, urinary enuresis, and stranguria. In excess conditions, the Cun Kou pulse is larger than the Ren Ying pulse by one fold; in deficiency conditions, the Cun Kou pulse is smaller than the Ren Ying pulse (Ling Shu). At Chou hour (1:00-3:00 AM), Qi and Blood transfer from the Qiaoyin point of the Foot-Shaoyang (Gallbladder) meridian into Dadun (LR1) of the Foot-Jueyin (Liver) meridian, ascending along the knee and thigh to terminate at Qimen (LR14). The Jueyin meridian roots at Dadun (LR1), knots at Yuying, and links at Danzhong (RN17) (Ling Shu).
Dadun (LR1): Two points located at the tip of the big toe, approximately width of a leek leaf posterior to the nail corner, within the tuft of hair (Ru Men). Or in the tuft of hair on the big toe (Zi Sheng). As the Jing-Well point where the Qi of the Foot-Jueyin meridian arises, needle depth is 3 fen, retain for 6 breaths, moxibustion 3 moxa cones (Tong Ren).
Xingjian (LR2): Two points located at the arterial pulse between the first and second toes (Tong Ren). Or in the depression of the arterial pulse between the metatarsal bones of the adjacent toes (Ru Men). As the Ying-Spring point where the Qi of the Foot-Jueyin meridian flows, needle depth is 6 fen, retain for 10 breaths, moxibustion 3 moxa cones (Tong Ren).
Taichong (LR3): Two points located 2 cun posterior to the metatarsophalangeal joint of the big toe, in the Chong vessel (Tong Ren). Or at the arterial pulse 2 cun posterior to the base of the big toe (Zi Sheng). 2 cun superior to Xingjian (Ling Shu). As the Shu-Stream point where the Qi of the Foot-Jueyin meridian pours in, needle depth is 2 fen, retain for 10 breaths, moxibustion 3 moxa cones (Tong Ren).
Zhongfeng (LR4): Two points, also named Xuanquan, located in the depression 1 cun anterior to the medial malleolus (Tong Ren). Or on the oblique small vessel 1 cun anterior to the medial malleolus (Zi Sheng). As the Jing-River point where the Qi of the Foot-Jueyin meridian passes, take the position with the foot extended (Ling Shu). Needle depth 4 fen, retain for 7 breaths, moxibustion 3 moxa cones (Tong Ren). If located 1.5 cun anterior to the medial malleolus in the depression: reversing the foot causes the acupoint to be obstructed (Wan); harmonizing the foot allows flow (Tong). Shaking the foot locates the point. When the foot is reversed and extended, the point is depressed/closed; when harmonized, a channel opens. Hence, "Reverse leads to obstruction, Harmonize leads to flow" (Ling Shu).
Ligou (LR5): Two points, also named Jiaoyi, located 5 cun above the medial malleolus. As the Luo-Connecting point of the Foot-Jueyin Liver meridian, it diverges to the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder meridian. Needle depth 2 fen, retain for 3 breaths, moxibustion 3 moxa cones (Tong Ren).
Zhongdu (LR6): Two points, also named Zhongxi, located 7 cun above the medial malleolus, posterior to the tibia, aligned with the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney meridian. Needle depth 3 fen, moxibustion 5 moxa cones (Tong Ren).
Xiguan (LR7): Two points located 2 cun below Dubi (ST35), in the lateral depression. Needle inward, depth 4 fen, moxibustion 5 moxa cones (Tong Ren).
Qiquan (LR8): Two points located below the medial condyle of the tibia, between the large tendon and small tendon, in the depression. Take with the knee flexed (Tong Ren). Or in the depression at the apex of the transverse crease below the condyle (Ru Men). Sitting upright with knees flexed, in the depression between the medial and lateral tendons. Also described as at the head of the transverse crease when the knee is bent (Zi Sheng). As the He-Sea point where the Qi of the Foot-Jueyin meridian enters, needle depth 6 fen, retain for 10 breaths, moxibustion 3 moxa cones (Tong Ren).
Yinbao (LR9): Two points, also named Yinbao, located 4 cun above the knee, between two tendons on the medial aspect of the thigh. Needle depth 6 fen, moxibustion 3 moxa cones (Tong Ren).
Wuli (LR10): Two points located 3 cun below Qichong (ST30), at the arterial pulse in the medial thigh. Needle depth 6 fen, moxibustion 5 moxa cones (Tong Ren).
Yinlian (LR11): Two points located 2 cun below Yangzhu, in the arterial pulse. Needle depth 8 fen, retain for 7 breaths, moxibustion 3 moxa cones. Moxibustion here may induce pregnancy in nulliparous women (Tong Ren). Yangzhu (two points) is located 1 cun lateral to Qichong (Ru Men).
Zhangmen (LR13): Two points, the Front-Mu point of the Spleen, also named Changping or Xi'ao. Located lateral to Dahan (SP15), directly opposite the umbilicus (Tong Ren). Or 2 cun above the umbilicus, measuring 6 cun laterally, in the depression at the end of the costal margin while lying on the side (Ru Men). Directly opposite the umbilicus at the costal margin; lie on side, flex upper leg, extend lower leg, raise arm to locate (Gang Mu). 9 cun lateral to 2 cun above the umbilicus (Zi Sheng). Needle depth 6 fen, moxibustion 100 moxa cones (Tong Ren).
Qimen (LR14): Two points, the Front-Mu point of the Liver. Located 1.5 cun lateral to Burong (ST19), directly below the nipples at the second intercostal space (Tong Ren). Or directly below the nipples at the second rib end, 1.5 cun lateral. Also described as 1.5 cun below the nipple (Zi Sheng). Have the patient lie supine. Measure 5 cun vertically from the center of the umbilicus and mark with ink. Measure 2.5 cun horizontally from both sides of the mark. This is the correct location. Generally, use the distance between nipples as a reference with proportional measurement (Lei Ju Fang Guang Yi).