《灵枢》大惑论曰∶五脏六腑之精气，皆上注于目而为之精，目贵乎湛然常清也。自外
有六
淫，内有七情，病之及于目者多矣。倘治之不善，或至贻害终身者有之。仆尝见业是科者，
或窃取数方，或合成点药，便悬轮廓图，诩诩然自矜为专科。至问其病之所以然，则茫乎不
知其所自来。噫，是盲医也，尚可以治目乎哉？桐乡养吾顾先生，以眼科名于时，人之患目
者，远近争趋之。仆习闻病目者曰∶吾之目，赖先生而存。或又曰∶吾之目微先生几废。窃
疑先生医目如是之神，必有不传之秘，独得之奇，故能超绝恒流，取誉当世。今观先生之论
，与所着之案，始知先生之学，于凡六淫之感，七情之伤，必先有以澈乎其源，而后施以补
泻温凉之剂，以故投无不利，病无不起。然则先生之于医，不尚异，不矜奇，只于受病之源
看得透耳。医师之良，孰逾于是。是即以先生之学治他病，亦何所往而不宜耶。今乃以眼科
名，是亦未以足尽先生也。然以眼科名，亦见先生之全力，尽在于眼科矣。兹本其救世之心
，出此《指南》示人，俾治目者，不至误于他歧。或补或泻，或补泻兼行，各得其道。于以
复其光明之体，岂非斯世之人一大快乎哉。是为序。
嘉庆十有四年岁次己巳孟夏之月海昌张起鳞拜撰
《灵枢·大惑论》中说：五脏六腑的精气，都向上灌注于眼睛，从而形成视觉的精华，眼睛贵在保持清澈明净的状态。从外部来看，有风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火六种邪气（六淫）；从内部来看，有情志过极导致的七种病变（七情），侵害眼睛的疾病非常多。如果治疗不当，有的甚至会造成终身的危害。我曾见过从事眼科的人，有的窃取几个方子，有的配制点眼药，就悬挂起眼部轮廓图，洋洋自得地夸耀自己是专科医生。等到询问他们疾病产生的原因时，却茫然不知其来源。唉，这是盲目的医生，还可以用来治疗眼睛吗？桐乡的养吾顾先生，以眼科医术在当时闻名，患有眼疾的人，无论远近都争着去求医。我常听患眼病的人说：“我的眼睛，全靠先生才得以保全。”或者又说：“如果没有先生，我的眼睛几乎就要废掉了。”我私下怀疑先生治疗眼睛如此神妙，必定有口耳相传的秘密和独到的奇法，所以才能超越平常人，在当代获得赞誉。如今看到先生的论述以及所著的医案，才知道先生的学问，对于各种外感六淫、内伤七情的致病因素，必须先彻底探究其根源，然后才施用补、泻、温、凉的药物，因此投药没有不奏效的，患病没有不起色的。既然这样，先生对于医学，不崇尚奇异，不夸耀奇特，只是对疾病的根源看得透彻罢了。医生的高明，谁能超过这种境界呢？即使是用先生的学问来治疗其他疾病，又有什么地方不适宜的呢？现在却以眼科闻名，这也没有完全展现先生的全部才华啊。然而以眼科闻名，也可见先生的全力都倾注在眼科上了。如今基于他救世的心意，出版这本《指南》示人，使治疗眼病的人，不至于误入歧途。或者用补法，或者用泻法，或者补泻兼施，各自都能得到正确的方法。借此恢复眼睛光明的本体，难道不是世间人们的一大快事吗？这就是序言。
嘉庆十四年岁次己巳孟夏之月，海昌张起鳞敬撰
The *Lingshu* (Spiritual Pivot) chapter "Da Huo Lun" (Treatise on Great Confusion) states: The essence and qi of the five zang organs and six fu organs all ascend to the eyes, forming the brilliance of vision. The eyes value maintaining a state of clarity and purity. Externally, there are the six pathogenic factors (Liuyin, Six Evils); internally, there are emotional injuries caused by the seven emotions (Qiqing). Diseases affecting the eyes are numerous. If treated improperly, some may cause lifelong harm. I have often seen practitioners in this specialty who either steal a few prescriptions or compound eye drops, then hang up diagrams of eye contours, boasting proudly as specialists. Yet when asked about the causes of their patients' conditions, they remain ignorant of where the diseases originate. Alas, these are blind doctors; how can they treat the eyes? Mr. Gu Yangwu from Tongxiang was renowned for ophthalmology in his time. People suffering from eye diseases, near and far, competed to seek his treatment. I frequently heard those with eye ailments say: "My eyes are preserved thanks to Mr. Gu." Or again: "Without Mr. Gu, my eyes would almost be lost." I privately suspected that since Mr. Gu's treatment of the eyes was so miraculous, he must possess secret teachings not passed down and unique, extraordinary methods, enabling him to surpass ordinary practitioners and gain reputation in his era. Now, having observed Mr. Gu's discussions and recorded medical cases, I realize that his scholarship involves thoroughly investigating the source of all external invasions by the six pathogenic factors and internal injuries by the seven emotions before applying tonifying, purging, warming, or cooling agents. Consequently, his prescriptions are invariably effective, and illnesses invariably recover. Thus, regarding medicine, Mr. Gu does not advocate strangeness nor boast of uniqueness; he simply perceives the root of disease with clarity. Which physician's excellence could surpass this? Even if one were to apply Mr. Gu's scholarship to treat other diseases, where would it not be suitable? That he is now known primarily for ophthalmology does not fully exhaust his capabilities. However, being known for ophthalmology also shows that his full effort is dedicated to this field. Based on his heart to save the world, he has published this *Zhinan* (Guide) to instruct others, ensuring that those treating eye diseases do not go astray. Whether using tonification, purgation, or both simultaneously, each method finds its proper way. Thereby restoring the bright nature of the eyes—would this not be a great joy for the people of this world? This serves as the preface.
In the early summer month of Ji Si year, the fourteenth year of the Jiaqing reign, Zhang Qilin of Haichang respectfully composed.