治伤寒本自寒下。医复吐下之。寒格更逆吐下。若食入口即吐者主之
干姜（三两） 黄连（三两） 黄芩（三两） 人参（三两）
上四味。以水六升。煮取二升。去滓。分温再服。
歌曰 芩连苦降藉姜开。济以人参绝妙哉。四物平行各三两。诸凡拒格此方该。
蔚按。伤寒本自寒下者。以厥阴之标阴在下也。医复吐下之。在下益寒。而反格热于上。
以致食入即吐。方用干姜辛温以救其寒。芩、连苦寒降之且以坚之。然吐下之后。阴阳两伤。
胃气索然。必藉人参以济之。俾胃气如分金之炉。寒热各不相碍也。方名以干姜冠首者。取
干姜之温能除寒下。而辛烈之气又能开格而纳食也。家君每与及门论此方及甘草附子汤。谓
古人不独审病有法。用方有法。即方名中药品之前后亦寓以法。善读书者。当读于无字处也
治热利下重。及下利欲饮水者主之。
白头翁（二两） 黄连（三两） 黄柏（三两） 秦皮（三两）
上四味。以水七升。煮取二升。去渣。温服一升。不愈。更服一升。
歌曰 三两黄连柏与秦。白头二两妙通神。病缘热利时思水。下重难通此药珍。
蔚按。厥阴标阴病。则为寒下。厥阴中见病。则为热利下重者。即经所谓暴注是也。白
头翁临风偏静。特立不挠。用以为君者。欲平走窍之火。必先定摇动之风也。秦皮浸水青蓝
色。得厥阴风木之化。故用以为臣。以黄连、黄柏为佐使者。其性寒寒能除热。其味苦。苦
又能坚也。总使风木遂其上行之性。则热利下重自除。风火不相煽而燎原。则热渴饮水自
止。
治疗伤寒原本就有下寒证。医生又误用催吐或攻下的治法，导致寒热格拒，反而加重了呕吐和下利。如果表现为食物刚吃进去就立刻吐出来，应当使用本方主治。
以上四味药，用水六升，煎煮至剩余二升，滤去药渣，分两次温服。
歌诀说：黄芩、黄连的苦寒之性借助干姜的辛温得以开通，再配合人参，真是绝妙啊。这四味药各用三两，凡是有寒热格拒症状的，此方都能涵盖。
蔚按（陈念祖自注）：伤寒原本就有下寒，是因为厥阴经的标阴之气在下。医生又误用吐下法，使得下焦更寒，反而将热邪格拒于上，导致食物入口即吐。方中用干姜的辛温来救治下寒，黄芩、黄连的苦寒来降逆并坚阴。然而经过吐下之后，阴阳两伤，胃气虚弱，必须依靠人参来补益。使得胃气像分金炉一样，使寒热药物互不干扰。方名以干姜冠首，是取干姜的温性能去除下寒，其辛烈之气又能开通格拒，使食物得以纳入。家父（陈修园）每次与门徒讨论此方及甘草附子汤时，常说古人不仅审察病证有法则，使用方剂也有法则，就连方名中药品的先后顺序也蕴含着法则。善于读书的人，应当在无字之处去领会。
治疗热性痢疾伴有里急后重，以及下利想要喝水的患者，应当使用本方主治。
以上四味药，用水七升，煎煮至剩余二升，滤去药渣，温服一升。若未痊愈，再服用一升。
歌诀说：黄连、黄柏、秦皮各用三两，白头翁二两，药效奇妙通神。病因是热利且时常想喝水，出现里急后重难以通畅，此药极为珍贵。
蔚按（陈念祖自注）：厥阴经的标阴病，表现为下寒；厥阴经的中见病（少阳火化），则表现为热利伴里急后重，这就是《内经》所说的“暴注”（急剧腹泻）。白头翁在风中偏静，特立而不屈服，用它作为君药，是想平息走窜窍道的火邪，必须先安定摇动的风邪。秦皮浸水呈青蓝色，得厥阴风木之气化，所以用作臣药。用黄连、黄柏作为佐使药，它们的性质寒凉能除热，味道苦又能坚阴。总体目的是顺应风木向上生长的本性，那么热利下重自然消除；风火不再相互煽动而燎原，那么热渴饮水的症状自然停止。
Treats Taiyang disease (disease of the Taiyang channel) that originally presented with cold in the lower jiao. If the physician erroneously applied emetic or purgative therapies, it would cause a cold-heat rejection pattern, exacerbating vomiting and diarrhea. In cases where food is vomited immediately upon entering the mouth, this formula should be used.
Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger, 3 liang), Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome, 3 liang), Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root, 3 liang), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 3 liang).
Take the above four herbs, add six sheng of water, decoct to obtain two sheng, remove the dregs, and divide into two doses for warm administration.
The song states: The bitter descent of Huang Qin and Huang Lian relies on Gan Jiang to open the blockage; assisted by Ren Shen, it is truly exquisite. These four ingredients are each used in equal amounts of three liang; this formula covers all cases of rejection and obstruction.
Commentary by Wei (Chen Nianzu): "Taiyang disease originally having cold in the lower" refers to the condition where the Biao-Yin (Superficial Yin) of the Jueyin channel is located in the lower part. When the physician erroneously applies emesis or purgation, the cold in the lower part increases, causing heat to be rejected upward. This results in immediate vomiting after eating. The formula uses the acrid-warm nature of Gan Jiang to rescue the cold; Huang Qin and Huang Lian use their bitter-cold nature to descend rebellion and consolidate yin. However, after emesis and purgation, both yin and yang are injured, and stomach qi is depleted. It is necessary to rely on Ren Shen to support it, making the stomach qi like a furnace that separates gold, so that cold and heat do not interfere with each other. The reason Gan Jiang heads the formula name is to utilize its warmth to eliminate lower cold and its acrid-pungent qi to open the rejection, allowing food to be accepted. My father (Chen Xiuyuan) often discussed this formula along with Gancao Fuzi Tang (Licorice and Aconite Decoction) with his students, stating that the ancients not only had methods for diagnosing diseases but also for prescribing formulas. Even the order of herbs in the formula name implies methodological principles. Those who read well should seek understanding in the unwritten aspects.
Treats hot dysentery accompanied by tenesmus (a feeling of incomplete defecation with urgency), and patients with diarrhea who desire to drink water. This formula is indicated.
Bai Tou Weng (Pulsatilla Root, 2 liang), Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome, 3 liang), Huang Bo (Phellodendron Bark, 3 liang), Qin Pi (Ash Bark, 3 liang).
Take the above four herbs, add seven sheng of water, decoct to obtain two sheng, remove the residue, and take one sheng warm. If not cured, take another sheng.
The song states: Three liang each of Huang Lian, Huang Bo, and Qin Pi; Bai Tou Weng two liang works miraculously. The illness stems from hot dysentery with frequent thirst; tenesmus makes passage difficult, making this medicine precious.
Commentary by Wei (Chen Nianzu): When the Jueyin channel presents as a Biao-Yin disease, it manifests as cold diarrhea; when it presents as a Zhong-Jian (Middle Manifestation) disease (transforming into Shaoyang fire), it manifests as hot dysentery with tenesmus, which corresponds to the Jingmai (Classic) description of "Baodu" (acute violent diarrhea). Bai Tou Weng remains calm in the wind, standing firm and unyielding. Using it as the Sovereign herb aims to pacify the fire wandering through the orifices by first stabilizing the moving wind. Qin Pi turns blue-green when soaked in water, acquiring the transformation of Jueyin Wind-Wood, thus serving as the Minister herb. Huang Lian and Huang Bo serve as Assistant and Envoy herbs; their cold nature eliminates heat, and their bitter taste consolidates yin. The overall goal is to allow the Wood element to follow its natural ascending nature, thereby eliminating hot dysentery and tenesmus naturally; if wind and fire do not fan each other into a prairie fire, the thirst and desire to drink caused by heat will cease.