治风湿相搏。骨节烦疼。掣痛不得屈伸。近之则痛剧。汗出短气。小便不利。
恶风不欲去衣。或身微肿者。此方主之。
甘草（二两） 白术（二两） 桂枝（四两） 附子（二枚 炮。）
上四味。以水六升。煮取三升。去滓。温服一升。日三服。初服得微汗则解。能食。汗
出复烦者。服五合。恐一升多者。宜服六七合为始。（言初服之始。）
歌曰 术附甘兮二两平。桂枝四两亦须明。方中主药推甘草。风湿同驱要缓行。（宋本
金匮玉函经，甘草、白术各三两。）
王晋三曰。甘草附子汤。两表两里之偶药。风淫于表湿流关节。治宜两顾。白术、附子
顾里胜湿。桂枝、甘草顾表胜风。独以甘草冠其名者。病深关节。义在缓而行之。若驱之太
急。风去而湿仍留。反遗后患矣。
治发汗后大热不解。多汗出。不恶寒。大渴能饮水者。此方主之。（按。此条从内
原文。与伤寒论稍异。）
知母（二两） 石膏（一斤 碎。绵裹。） 甘草（二两 炙。） 粳米（六合）
上四味。以水一斗。煮米熟汤成。去滓。温服一升。日二服。
歌曰 阳明白虎（证）辨非难。（大热多汗。大渴饮水等为阳明证。易辨。）难在阳邪背
恶寒。
之间。
蔚按。白虎汤伤寒论凡三见。太阳条治脉浮滑。厥阴条治脉滑而厥。又治三阳合病。腹
满身
言
止治风寒二气也。
柯韵伯曰。阳明邪从热化。故不恶寒而恶热。热蒸外越。故热汗自出。热灼胃中。故渴
欲饮水。邪盛而实。故脉滑。然犹在经。故兼浮也。盖阳明属胃。外主肌肉。虽有大热而未
成实。终非苦寒之味所能治也。石膏辛寒。辛能解肌热。寒能胜胃火。寒性沉降。辛能走外。
两擅内外之能。故以为君。知母苦润。苦以泻火。润以滋燥。故以为臣。用甘草、粳米调和
于中
连于中也。得二味为佐。庶大寒之品无伤损脾胃之虑也。煎汤入胃输脾归肺。大烦大渴可除
矣。白虎为西方金神。所以名汤。秋金得令而炎暑自解矣。
治疗风湿邪气相互搏结。骨节剧烈疼痛。牵掣样疼痛导致不能屈伸。触碰则疼痛加剧。出汗且呼吸短促。
怕风不想脱去衣物。或者身体轻微浮肿的。此方主治。
甘草（二两） 白术（二两） 桂枝（四两） 附子（二枚，炮制。）
以上四味药。用水六升。煮取三升。滤去药渣。温服一升。每日服用三次。初次服药后若得微汗则病愈。若能进食。若出汗后再次出现烦闷的。服用五合。担心一升药量过多的。应以六七合作为起始剂量。（说明初次服药的初始情况。）
歌诀曰：白术、附子各二两平匀。桂枝四两也必须明确。方中主药推崇甘草。风湿同驱需要缓缓而行。（宋本《金匮玉函经》记载，甘草、白术各三两。）
王晋三说。甘草附子汤。是兼顾表里两方面的对偶药物。风邪淫溢于体表湿邪流注关节。治疗应当两方面兼顾。白术、附子顾护里侧以胜湿。桂枝、甘草顾护表侧以胜风。唯独以甘草冠名此方。是因为病位深在关节。义理在于缓慢地驱除邪气。如果驱除得太急。风邪虽去而湿邪仍然停留。反而遗留后患。
治疗发汗后大热不退。大量出汗。不怕冷。极度口渴能饮水的。此方主治。（按语。此条从内热角度论述。与《伤寒论》原文稍有不同。）
知母（二两） 石膏（一斤，捣碎，用棉布包裹。） 甘草（二两，炙。） 粳米（六合）
以上四味药。用水一斗。煮至米熟汤成。滤去药渣。温服一升。每日服用两次。
歌诀曰：辨别阳明白虎汤证并不难。（大热多汗、大渴饮水等属于阳明证，容易辨别。）难在阳邪导致背部恶寒。
蔚按。白虎汤在《伤寒论》中出现凡三次。太阳篇治疗脉浮滑。厥阴篇治疗脉滑而四肢厥冷。又治疗三阳合病。腹部胀满。
只治疗风寒两种邪气。
柯韵伯说。阳明邪气从热化。所以不怕冷而怕热。热气蒸腾向外发散。所以热汗自出。热邪灼烧胃中。所以口渴想饮水。邪气盛实。所以脉滑。然而邪气仍在经络。所以兼见浮脉。大概阳明属胃。外部主司肌肉。虽然有大热但未形成腑实。终究不是苦寒之味所能治疗的。石膏辛寒。辛能解除肌表之热。寒能清除胃火。寒性沉降。辛能走散于外。兼具内外两方面的功效。所以作为君药。知母苦润。苦能泻火。润能滋润燥热。所以作为臣药。使用甘草、粳米在中焦调和。连接中焦。得到这两味作为佐使。这样大的寒凉之品就不会损伤脾胃了。煎汤入胃输布脾肺。大烦大渴可以消除了。白虎是西方金神。所以以此命名汤剂。秋金当令而炎热暑气自然解散了。
Treats rheumatism and wind-dampness (Fengshi) entangling each other. Severe pain in the bone joints. Pulling pain preventing flexion and extension. Pain intensifies upon touch. Sweating and shortness of breath (Duanqi).
Aversion to wind (Eefeng) with reluctance to remove clothing. Or slight swelling of the body. This formula is indicated for such conditions.
Gancao (Licorice Root, *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) (2 liang), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome, *Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*) (2 liang), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, *Cinnamomi Ramulus*) (4 liang), Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root, *Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata*) (2 pieces, processed).
Take the above four ingredients. Add six sheng of water. Decoct to obtain three sheng. Strain off the dregs. Take one sheng warm. Administer three times daily. After the first dose, if a slight sweat occurs, the condition resolves. If appetite returns. If restlessness recurs after sweating. Take five he. If one sheng is considered too much. Start with six or seven he. (Referring to the initial dosage.)
Song verse: Baizhu and Fuzi, two liang each, balanced. Guizhi four liang must also be clear. Gancao is praised as the chief herb in the formula. To drive away wind and dampness together, gentle action is required. (In the Song edition of *Jinkui Yufan Jing*, Gancao and Baizhu are each three liang.)
Wang Jinsan said. Gancao Fuzi Tang is a pair of herbs addressing both exterior and interior. Wind excess affects the exterior, dampness flows into the joints. Treatment should attend to both aspects. Baizhu and Fuzi protect the interior to overcome dampness. Guizhi and Gancao protect the exterior to overcome wind. The fact that Gancao heads the name implies that since the disease is deep in the joints, the principle lies in treating it slowly. If driven too urgently, wind may leave but dampness remains, causing subsequent complications.
Treats high fever persisting after sweating profusely. Profuse sweating. No aversion to cold. Extreme thirst capable of drinking water. This formula is indicated. (Note: This clause discusses internal heat, slightly differing from the original text of *Shanghan Lun*.)
Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizome, *Anemarrhenae Rhizoma*) (2 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, *Gypsi Fibrosum*) (1 jin, crushed, wrapped in cotton), Gancao (Licorice Root, *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*) (2 liang, honey-fried), Jingmi (Oryza Sativa, *Oryzae Fructus*) (6 he).
Take the above four ingredients. Add ten dou of water. Decoct until the rice is cooked and the decoction is ready. Strain off the dregs. Take one sheng warm. Administer twice daily.
Song verse: Distinguishing Yangming Baihu Tang syndrome is not difficult. (High fever, profuse sweating, extreme thirst for water are Yangming syndromes, easy to distinguish.) The difficulty lies in aversion to cold on the back due to Yang pathogenic factors.
Wei noted. Baihu Tang appears three times in *Shanghan Lun*. In the Taiyang chapter, it treats floating and slippery pulse. In the Jueyin chapter, it treats slippery pulse with cold extremities. It also treats combined diseases of the Three Yang. Abdominal fullness.
It only treats wind-cold pathogens.
Ke Yunbo said. Yangming pathogens transform into heat. Hence, there is no aversion to cold but aversion to heat. Heat steams outward, hence spontaneous hot sweat. Heat scorches the stomach, hence thirst for water. Pathogens are abundant and excess, hence slippery pulse. However, since they remain in the channels, floating pulse is also present. Generally, Yangming belongs to the Stomach, externally governing the muscles. Although there is high heat, it has not formed excess accumulation in the fu organs. Ultimately, bitter-cold flavors alone cannot treat it. Shigao is pungent and cold. Pungency can resolve muscle heat, coldness can overcome stomach fire. Cold nature sinks and descends, pungency moves outward. It excels in both interior and exterior functions. Thus, it serves as the Sovereign herb. Zhimu is bitter and moistening. Bitterness purges fire, moistening nourishes dryness. Thus, it serves as the Minister herb. Gancao and Jingmi are used to harmonize in the middle jiao. Connecting the middle jiao. These two serve as Assistant and Envoy herbs. Thus, potent cold substances will not damage the Spleen and Stomach. The decoction enters the Stomach, distributes to the Spleen and Lung. Great vexation and extreme thirst can be eliminated. Baihu is the Golden Deity of the West. Hence the name of the decoction. When Autumn Metal is in command, summer heat naturally dissipates.