味甘，性寒无毒，入心经。主清心明目，除惊解烦，驱邪逐痰，及小儿惊痫天吊风
热诸证。
按∶竺黄之寒，专泻少阴之火，火去而惊邪诸证靡不疗矣。产三竺国，即竹节内黄粉，
然多有伪者，须辨其片片如竹节者真。
味酸涩，性温无毒，入脾肺肾三经。主脾泄下痢，血崩带下，涩精气，止遗泄，除咳嗽，
止小便，助真气，润颜色，久服延年。先去刺，剖开去子，复拭去毛用。
按∶丹溪曰∶金樱子属土而有金与水，脾肺肾之入，固其宜也。又曰∶经络隧道，以通
畅为和平，味者取其涩性，煎膏食之，自作不靖，咎将谁执？此恐过服者伤脾百发也。须九
十月间半熟时采之，太生令人利、太熟功力薄。
味苦酸涩，性温无毒，入肺肝脾肾大肠五经。主冷气心腹胀满，久泻痢，霍乱喘急，肠
风泻血。崩中带下，奔豚肾气，开胃消食，生津止渴，治嗽开音，酒浸蒸熟用。未熟时风飘
坠者，谓之随风子。肺因火伤，郁退胀满，痰嗽咽喉不利者，含三四枚殊胜。
按∶诃梨勒，酸以泻肝收肺，苦以坚肾泻脾，涩以浓大肠，五经之入所由来也。终是酸
涩之剂，久泻痢者宜之，若积初而用之，与丹溪痢无止法意相左矣！《衍义》曰∶气虚人亦
宜缓缓煨熟少服，虽能涩肠，又能泄气故也。丹溪云∶诃梨勒纹只有六路，或多或少，此是
毗梨勒、罨梨勒、榔精勒、杂路勒，并不宜用。
雷公云∶凡使勿用毗梨勒，罨梨勒，榔精勒、杂路勒。若诃梨，纹只是六路，或多或少，
并是杂路勒，毗路勒，个个毗杂，路皆圆露。又或八路至十三路，号曰榔精勒，多涩，不入
用。凡修事先于酒内浸，后蒸一伏时，以刀削路，细锉，路干用之。
天竺黄：味甘，性寒，无毒，归入心经。主要功效为清心明目，消除惊悸烦躁，驱除邪气并逐出痰浊，以及治疗小儿惊痫、天吊风（一种以头向后仰、身体反张为特征的惊风病证）及热证等各种病症。
按语：竺黄的寒性，专门清泻少阴经的火邪，火邪去除后，惊悸邪气等诸种病症没有不能治愈的。产于三竺国，即竹节内部的黄色粉末，然而市面上多有伪品，必须辨别那些片状如竹节形状的为真品。
金樱子：味酸涩，性温，无毒，归入脾、肺、肾三经。主要功效为治疗脾虚泄泻、下痢、血崩、带下，固摄精气，止住遗精滑泄，消除咳嗽，止住小便频数，补助真气，润泽面色，长期服用可延年益寿。使用前需先去掉刺，剖开后去除种子，再擦拭干净绒毛方可使用。
按语：朱丹溪说：金樱子属土而兼具金与水的性质，归入脾、肺、肾经是适宜的。他又说：经络隧道，以通畅为平和状态，取用其涩性，煎煮成膏食用，会导致体内不安宁，责任归于谁呢？这是担心过度服用会损伤脾胃百脉。必须在九月十月间果实半熟时采摘，太生会导致腹泻，太熟则药效薄弱。
诃梨勒（诃子）：味苦、酸、涩，性温，无毒，归入肺、肝、脾、肾、大肠五经。主要功效为治疗冷气引起的心腹胀满，久泻久痢，霍乱伴喘急，肠风便血，崩漏带下，奔豚气（自觉有气从少腹上冲胸咽），开胃消食，生津止渴，治疗咳嗽声音嘶哑。需用酒浸泡后蒸熟使用。未成熟时被风吹落坠地的，称为随风子。若因火邪损伤肺部，导致郁滞退却后的胀满，以及痰嗽咽喉不利者，含服三四枚效果极佳。
按语：诃梨勒，酸味能泻肝收肺，苦味能坚肾泻脾，涩味能厚肠固涩，这是其归入五脏经脉的原因。终究属于酸涩之剂，适用于久泻久痢者，若在积滞初起时使用，与朱丹溪“痢疾无止法”的观点相违背！《本草衍义》说：气虚之人也宜慢慢煨熟少量服用，因为它既能涩肠，又能耗泄正气。朱丹溪说：诃梨勒纹理只有六路，如果纹路或多或少，那是毗梨勒、罨梨勒、榔精勒、杂路勒，都不宜使用。
雷公说：凡使用时，不要用毗梨勒、罨梨勒、榔精勒、杂路勒。如果是真正的诃梨勒，纹理只是六路，无论多少，都是杂路勒、毗路勒，个个混杂，纹路皆圆润显露。或者纹路有八路至十三路的，号称榔精勒，过于涩滞，不入药用。凡是炮制前，先在酒中浸泡，然后蒸一个时辰（约两小时），用刀削去纹路，细切锉碎，待纹路干燥后使用。
Tianzhu Huang (Calculus Bambusae): Sweet in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic, enters the Heart Meridian. Its main functions are to clear the heart and brighten the eyes, dispel fright and relieve irritability, drive out pathogenic factors and expel phlegm, and treat various conditions such as infantile convulsions, Tian Diao Feng (a type of convulsive disorder characterized by opisthotonos), and heat syndromes.
Commentary: The cold nature of Tianzhu Huang specifically drains the fire of the Shaoyin (Lesser Yin) meridian; once the fire is eliminated, all syndromes related to fright and pathogens can be cured. It is produced in the Three Zhu countries and refers to the yellow powder inside bamboo nodes. However, there are many counterfeit products on the market; one must verify authenticity by checking if the pieces resemble bamboo nodes.
Jinyingzi (Fructus Rosae Laevigatae): Sour and astringent in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic, enters the Spleen, Lung, and Kidney meridians. Its main functions are to treat spleen deficiency diarrhea, dysentery, metrorrhagia, leukorrhea, secure essence and qi, stop seminal emission and leakage, relieve cough, reduce urinary frequency, boost true qi, nourish complexion, and prolong life with long-term use. Preparation requires removing thorns first, splitting open, removing seeds, and wiping off the hairs before use.
Commentary: Zhu Danxi stated that Jinyingzi belongs to Earth but possesses properties of Metal and Water, making its entry into the Spleen, Lung, and Kidney meridians appropriate. He also noted that meridians and tunnels achieve harmony through unobstructed flow; using its astringent property by decocting it into a paste for consumption will cause internal unrest, for which responsibility lies with the user. This warns against excessive use damaging the spleen and all vessels. It should be harvested when half-ripe in September or October; too immature causes diarrhea, while too ripe results in weak efficacy.
Helile (Fructus Chebulae): Bitter, sour, and astringent in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic, enters the Lung, Liver, Spleen, Kidney, and Large Intestine meridians. Its main functions are to treat abdominal distension and fullness caused by cold qi, chronic diarrhea and dysentery, cholera with wheezing urgency, intestinal wind bleeding, metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, Ben Tun Qi (a condition where qi rushes from the lower abdomen to the chest/throat), stimulate appetite, aid digestion, generate fluids, quench thirst, and treat cough with hoarseness. It should be soaked in wine and steamed before use. Those fallen due to wind before maturity are called Suifengzi. For lung injury due to fire causing stagnation-related distension, or phlegm-cough with throat obstruction, holding three or four pieces in the mouth yields excellent results.
Commentary: Helile’s sour flavor drains the Liver and secures the Lung; its bitter flavor strengthens the Kidney and drains the Spleen; its astringent flavor thickens the Large Intestine. This explains its entry into the five meridians. Ultimately, it is an astringent agent suitable for chronic diarrhea and dysentery. Using it when accumulation/damp-heat is initial contradicts Zhu Danxi’s principle that “dysentery has no stopping method.” *Bencao Yan Yi* states that those with qi deficiency should slowly roast and take small doses, as it can both astringe the intestines and drain qi. Zhu Danxi said that genuine Helile has only six ridges; variations in ridge count indicate substitutes like Pi Li Le, Yan Li Le, Lang Jing Le, or Za Lu Le, which are unsuitable.
Lei Gong stated: Do not use Pi Li Le, Yan Li Le, Lang Jing Le, or Za Lu Le. Genuine Helile has exactly six ridges; any variation indicates impure types like Za Lu Le or Bi Lu Le, which are mixed and have round, exposed ridges. Varieties with eight to thirteen ridges are called Lang Jing Le, which are overly astringent and unfit for medicinal use. Preparation involves soaking in wine first, then steaming for one double-hour period (approx. 2 hours), scraping off the ridges with a knife, finely chopping, and drying before use.