味苦，性寒无毒，入肺经。主清肺，除咳嗽痰喘，治血痔漏疮。根名青木香，下毒
按∶马兜铃专主手太阴经，何以治痔漏之证也？良以肺与大肠相为表里，肺遗热于大肠，
故有此证，令清其表而里病自愈矣。
雷公云∶凡使采得后去叶并蔓，用生绢袋盛，于东屋角畔悬，令干，劈开去膈膜，取净
子焙用。
味苦甘，性寒无毒，入肝脾二经。除郁火，解热毒，止下痢，杀诸虫，治小儿疳虫消瘦，
惊痫邪气，唇焦口渴，上膈稠痰，疗伤寒赤斑，面黄鼻赤。
按∶青黛色青属木，味甘属土，宜入厥阴太阴，以理诸热之证。
味甘微苦，性平无毒，入肺脾肝肾四经。能补阴气，明目聪耳，清头风及胸中烦热，肌
肤湿痹。枸杞根、桑白皮、苍白术为使。
按∶丹溪曰，菊花属金，而有土于水，大能补阴。宜入肺肝等经，盖烦热诸证，皆由水
不足而火炎，得此补阴，则水盛而火自息矣。须用味甘者佳，若苦者为苦菊，大伤胃气，慎
之。
味甘，微寒无毒，入肺脾肝胃大肠五经。利肠胃，消水肿，祛风湿，疗香港脚，治肺痿，
健脾胃。
按∶薏苡仁总湿热，故入上下五经。盖受热使人筋挛，受湿使人筋缓者，可用。若受寒
使人筋急者，忌之，势力和缓，须多用见效。
雷公云∶凡使勿用 米，棵大无味，其 米时人呼粳 是也，若薏苡仁颗小色青味甘，
咬着黏人齿，用一两，以糯米一两同熬，令糯米熟，去米取使，若更以盐汤煎之，则是一般
修事。
【马兜铃】
味苦，性寒，无毒，归肺经。主要功效为清肺热，消除咳嗽、痰多及气喘症状，治疗血痔、瘘管及疮疡。其根部称为青木香，具有下泄毒邪的作用。
按语：马兜铃专门主治手太阴肺经的病症，为何能治疗痔疮和瘘管呢？这是因为肺与大肠互为表里关系，肺中余热传移至大肠，从而产生此类病症。通过清解肺经之表热，大肠里的病证自然痊愈。
雷公记载：凡是使用马兜铃，采收后需去除叶片和藤蔓，用生丝布袋盛装，悬挂在房屋东角的旁边使其干燥。然后剖开果实，去除内部的隔膜，取净种子焙干后使用。
【青黛】
味苦、甘，性寒，无毒，归肝、脾二经。能清除郁结之火，解除热毒，止住痢疾，杀灭各种寄生虫，治疗小儿疳积、虫积导致的消瘦，以及惊痫邪气、嘴唇焦裂、口渴、上膈部稠痰、伤寒引起的赤斑、面色发黄、鼻头发红等症状。
按语：青黛颜色青属木，味道甘属土，适宜入厥阴肝经和太阴脾经，以调理各种热证。
【菊花】
味甘、微苦，性平，无毒，归肺、脾、肝、肾四经。能够补益阴气，使眼睛明亮、耳朵灵敏，清除头部风邪及胸中的烦热，治疗肌肤湿痹。枸杞根、桑白皮、苍术和白术可作为引经药或辅助药物。
按语：朱丹溪说，菊花属性金，但生于水中之土，大能补益阴气。适宜入肺经、肝经等经络。大概烦热诸证，都是由肾水不足而心火亢盛所致，得到此药补阴，则水势旺盛而火势自然平息。应当选用味甘的菊花为佳，如果是味苦的则是苦菊，会严重损伤胃气，务必谨慎。
【薏苡仁】
味甘，微寒，无毒，归肺、脾、肝、胃、大肠五经。能通利肠胃，消除水肿，祛除风湿，治疗脚气（香港脚），治疗肺痿，健运脾胃。
按语：薏苡仁总治湿热之证，因此入上下五经。因为受热会导致筋脉拘挛，受湿会导致筋脉弛缓，这两种情况可以使用薏苡仁。如果是因为受寒导致筋脉紧急者，则忌用。薏苡仁药力平和缓慢，需要多用才能见效。
雷公记载：凡使用时，不要用粳米，那种颗粒大且无味的，就是人们所说的粳米。如果薏苡仁颗粒小、色青、味甘，咬起来粘牙，使用时取一两薏苡仁，与一两糯米同煮，待糯米煮熟后，去掉糯米，只取薏苡仁使用。如果再用盐汤煎煮，那就变成一般的炮制方法了。
[Madouling / Aristolochiae Fructus]
Bitter, cold, non-toxic. Enters the Lung Meridian. Primarily clears the Lungs, eliminates cough, phlegm, and wheezing, and treats bloody hemorrhoids, fistulas, and sores. The root is named Qingmuxiang (Indigofera Root), which has the effect of purging toxicity.
Commentary: Madouling specifically governs the Hand-Taiyin (Lung) Meridian. Why does it treat hemorrhoids and fistulas? This is because the Lung and Large Intestine are exterior-interiorly related. Heat remaining in the Lung transmits to the Large Intestine, causing these conditions. By clearing the exterior (Lung), the interior (Large Intestine) disease heals itself.
Leigong states: When used, after harvesting, remove leaves and vines. Place in a raw silk bag and hang near the eastern corner of the roof to dry. Split open, remove the septum/membrane, take the clean seeds, and roast for use.
[Qingdai / Indigo Naturalis]
Bitter and sweet, cold, non-toxic. Enters the Liver and Spleen meridians. Removes stagnant fire, resolves heat toxins, stops dysentery, kills various parasites, treats pediatric malnutrition (Gan syndrome) due to worms and emaciation, convulsions and epilepsy caused by evil qi, chapped lips, thirst, thick phlegm in the upper diaphragm, red macules from Shanghan (Cold Damage), yellow complexion, and red nose.
Commentary: Qingdai is green, corresponding to Wood; its taste is sweet, corresponding to Earth. It is suitable for entering the Jueyin (Liver) and Taiyin (Spleen) meridians to regulate various heat syndromes.
[Juhua / Chrysanthemi Flos]
Sweet and slightly bitter, neutral, non-toxic. Enters the Lung, Spleen, Liver, and Kidney meridians. Can tonify Yin Qi, brighten the eyes and sharpen the hearing, clear head wind and vexing heat in the chest, and treat skin damp-bi. Gouqigen (Lycii Radicis Cortex), Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) serve as guiding or assisting herbs.
Commentary: Danxi (Zhu Zhenheng) said: Juhua belongs to Metal but grows in Earth within Water, greatly tonifying Yin. It is suitable for entering the Lung, Liver, and other meridians. Generally, vexing heat syndromes arise from insufficient Water (Kidney Yin) leading to blazing Fire. By tonifying Yin with this herb, Water becomes abundant and Fire naturally subsides. Sweet-tasting varieties are preferred. If bitter, it is Kuju (Bitter Chrysanthemum), which severely damages Stomach Qi; be cautious.
[Yiyiren / Coicis Semen]
Sweet, slightly cold, non-toxic. Enters the Lung, Spleen, Liver, Stomach, and Large Intestine meridians. Promotes bowel movement, reduces edema, dispels wind-dampness, treats Hongkongfoot (Gout/Charcot foot), treats Feiwei (Lung Abscess/Withered Lung), and strengthens the Spleen and Stomach.
Commentary: Yiyiren generally addresses Damp-Heat, thus entering the five meridians above and below. Heat causes tendon contraction, while Dampness causes tendon laxity; both can be treated with it. However, if Cold causes tendon tightness, it is contraindicated. Its action is mild and slow, requiring larger doses to see effects.
Leigong states: Do not use Jingmi (Oryza Sativa Var. Japonica), which has large grains and no taste; this is what people call Jingmi. If Yiyiren has small grains, is greenish, tastes sweet, and sticks to the teeth when chewed, take 1 liang of Yiyiren and boil it together with 1 liang of Nuomi (Glutinous Rice). Once the Nuomi is cooked, remove the Nuomi and use only the Yiyiren. If decocted with salt water, it becomes a standard processing method.