味甘，性温无毒，入脾胃二经。主温胃健脾进饮食，补虚羸，疗肠 ，水谷不调，肠
风血瘀，烧灰可敷诸疮。其子，调中益肝气，恶猪肉，雉、沙糖。
按∶鲫鱼甘温之品，且是土所化成，其入脾胃宜矣。《集要杂录》云∶诸鱼属火，惟鲫
鱼属土，而有调胃入肠之功，然多食亦能动火。
味甘，性平无毒，入脾肺肝三经。主咳逆气喘上气，水肿脚满，黄胆烦渴，安胎，妊
娠身肿，冷气 癖，气块横关伏梁。胆，点眼去翳，滴耳除聋，涂小儿热肿。血涂小儿丹毒
及疮。脂，主小儿痫疾惊悸。鳞，烧灰酒服，破产妇滞血。肠，主小儿肌疮瘰 ，取虫。骨
，主阴蚀，赤白带下，齿，主癃闭石淋。皮，主瘾疹恶疮，忌猪肝、天麦门。
按∶鲤鱼之甘，本入脾家，土能生金，金能制木，故亦入肺肝二经。《衍义》曰∶鲤鱼
至阴之物也。故其鳞三十六，阴极则阳复，所以有鱼热中之故。叔和曰∶热即生风，故食之
多发风热。诸家并不论及，惟日华子云∶鲤鱼凉恐无是理，万一风症，更使食鱼，则是贻祸
无穷矣！烟熏者损目，天行病后食之，再发必死。
味咸，性微温，有小毒，入肾经。主崩漏赤白带下，经闭阴蚀肿痛，除目翳止泪，理金
疮止血，治惊气入腹，腹痛环脐，阴茎因寒肿，疮多脓汁，寒热症瘕。久服令人有子，恶白
蔹，白芨、附子。
按∶乌贼之咸，宜归水脏，治病有殊效。今用之者鲜，夫亦未达其功欤。
雷公云∶凡使勿用沙鱼骨，缘真相似，只是上纹横，不入药中用。凡使要上纹顺，以血
沾作水浸，并煮一伏时了，漉出于屋下掘一地穴，可盛得前拌为贼鱼骨多少，先烧坑子去炭
灰，盛药一宿，至明取出，用之其效倍多。
味甘，性温，无毒，归入脾、胃二经。主要功效为温补脾胃，增进食欲，治疗身体虚弱消瘦，调理肠道功能紊乱导致的水谷不化，以及肠风便血瘀滞，烧成灰后可外敷治疗各种疮疡。其鱼子能调和中焦，补益肝气；食用时忌食猪肉、野鸡和砂糖。
按语：鲫鱼属于甘温性质的药材，且是由土气所化生，因此适宜入脾胃经。《集要杂录》记载：大多数鱼类属火，唯独鲫鱼属土，具有调和胃气、通利肠道的功效，但多食也会助长内火。
味甘，性平，无毒，归入脾、肺、肝三经。主要功效为治疗咳嗽气逆、气喘上冲，水肿及下肢胀满，黄疸伴烦渴，安胎，妊娠期间身体浮肿，冷气积聚形成的癖块，气结横关及伏梁病。鱼胆可用于点眼以去除目翳，滴耳以消除耳聋，涂抹于小儿热肿处。鱼血可涂抹于小儿丹毒及疮疡。鱼脂主要用于治疗小儿癫痫惊悸。鱼鳞烧成灰后用酒送服，可破除产后瘀血。鱼肠主要用于治疗小儿肌肤疮疡及瘰疬，并能驱虫。鱼骨用于治疗阴部蚀烂、赤白带下。鱼齿用于治疗小便不通及石淋。鱼皮用于治疗瘾疹及恶疮；食用时忌食猪肝、天冬和麦门冬。
按语：鲤鱼的甘味本入脾经，土能生金，金能制木，所以也入肺、肝二经。《衍义》说：鲤鱼是至阴之物。它的鳞片有三十六片，阴极则阳复，所以食用后容易产生鱼热（即动风热）。王叔和说：热盛则生风，所以吃鲤鱼容易引发风热病症。各家医书对此论述不多，只有日华子说：认为鲤鱼性凉是没有道理的，万一遇到风症病人，再让他吃鱼，就会造成无穷的后患！烟熏过的鲤鱼会损伤视力，在流行病痊愈后食用，若再次发病必死无疑。
味咸，性微温，有小毒，归入肾经。主要功效为治疗崩漏、赤白带下，闭经及阴部蚀烂肿痛，去除目翳并止泪，处理金创出血，治疗惊恐之气入腹导致的脐周腹痛，阴茎因寒邪引起的肿胀，疮疡脓液过多，以及寒热往来的症瘕积聚。长期服用可帮助受孕；忌食白蔹、白芨和附子。
按语：乌贼的咸味适宜归于水脏（肾），在治疗疾病方面有特殊疗效。如今使用它的人很少，大概是不了解它的功效吧。
雷公说：凡是用药时不要使用沙鱼骨，因为真品与沙鱼骨相似，只是沙鱼骨的纹路是横向的，不能入药。凡是用药材，要选择纹路顺直的，用血沾湿后浸泡在水中，并煮一个时辰（两小时），捞出后放在屋檐下挖掘的地穴中，地穴大小需能容纳之前拌好的乌贼骨量。先烧坑去掉炭灰，将药物放入坑中过夜，第二天早晨取出，这样炮制后的药效倍增。
Sweet in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic, enters the Spleen and Stomach meridians. Primarily warms the stomach and strengthens the spleen to promote appetite, tonifies deficiency and emaciation, treats intestinal dysfunction with improper digestion of food and water, wind-stool with blood stasis; when calcined to ash, it can be applied externally to various sores. Its roe regulates the middle jiao and benefits liver qi; contraindicated with pork, pheasant, and rock sugar.
Commentary: Carp is a sweet-warm substance and is formed from earth energy, thus it is suitable for entering the Spleen and Stomach meridians. *Jiyao Zalu* states: Most fish belong to Fire, but carp belongs to Earth, possessing the function of harmonizing the stomach and benefiting the intestines; however, excessive consumption can also stir up internal heat.
Sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic, enters the Spleen, Lung, and Liver meridians. Primarily treats cough with rebellious qi, asthma, edema and lower limb fullness, jaundice with irritability and thirst, calms the fetus, treats pregnancy-related body swelling, cold qi accumulation forming masses (Pi), qi knots across the Guan point, and Fuliang disease. The gallbladder is used to drop into eyes to remove nebula, drip into ears to remove deafness, and apply to pediatric heat swelling. Blood is applied to pediatric erysipelas and sores. Fat primarily treats pediatric epilepsy and palpitations. Scales, when calcined and taken with wine, break down postpartum blood stasis. Intestines primarily treat pediatric skin sores and scrofula, and extract parasites. Bones treat genital erosion, red and white leukorrhea. Teeth treat strangury and stone strangury. Skin treats urticaria and malignant sores; contraindicated with Pig Liver, Tian Dong (Asparagi Radix), and Mai Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix).
Commentary: The sweetness of carp originally enters the Spleen home; Earth generates Metal, and Metal controls Wood, therefore it also enters the Lung and Liver meridians. *Yanyi* states: Carp is a substance of extreme Yin. It has thirty-six scales; when Yin reaches its limit, Yang returns, hence the tendency to cause "fish heat" (stirring wind-heat). Shuhe said: Heat generates wind, thus consuming it often induces wind-heat syndromes. Most authors do not discuss this, only Rihua Zi stated: Claiming carp is cool is unreasonable; if one consumes fish while suffering from wind syndromes, it will cause endless disaster! Smoked carp damages the eyes; consuming it after an epidemic illness, if symptoms recur, death is certain.
Salty in taste, slightly warm in nature, slightly toxic, enters the Kidney meridian. Primarily treats metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, red and white leukorrhea, amenorrhea, genital erosion with swelling and pain, removes eye nebula and stops tearing, manages traumatic injuries to stop bleeding, treats fright qi entering the abdomen causing periumbilical pain, penile swelling due to cold, excessive pus in sores, and alternating chills and fever with mass accumulations (Zhengjia). Long-term consumption promotes fertility; contraindicated with Bai Lian (Ampelopsis Radix), Bai Ji (Bletillae Rhizoma), and Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata).
Commentary: The salinity of cuttlefish is suitable for returning to the Water organ (Kidney), having special efficacy in treating diseases. Nowadays, few people use it, perhaps because they do not understand its merits.
Leigong said: When using, do not use shark bone, as it resembles the true product, but its grain runs horizontally and is not used in medicine. When selecting, choose those with vertical grain. Moisten with blood, soak in water, and boil for one shichen (two hours). Remove and place in a pit dug under the eaves, large enough to hold the prepared cuttlebone. First burn the pit to remove charcoal ash, place the medicine inside overnight, and retrieve it the next morning. This processing method doubles its efficacy.