若夫世人使药，岂知自有君臣。既辨君臣，宁分相制。只如 毛（今盐草也）沾溺，立
销
班肿之毒；象胆挥粘，乃知药有情异。 鱼插树，立便干枯；用狗涂之（以犬胆灌之，插鱼
处立如故也），却当荣盛。无名（无名异形似玉柳石，又如锻石，味别）止楚，截指而似去
甲
毛；圣石开盲，明目而如云离日。当归止血、破血，头尾效各不同（头止血，尾破血）；蕤
子
熟生，足睡不眠立据。弊 淡卤（常使者甑中 ，能淡盐味），如酒沾交（今蜜枳缴枝，又
云
交加枝）。铁遇神砂，如泥似粉；石经鹤粪，化作尘飞； 见橘，花似髓。断弦折剑，遇鸾
血而如初（以鸾血炼作胶，粘折处，铁物永不断）；海竭江枯，投游波燕子是也。而立泛。
令
铅拒火，须仗修天（今呼为补天石）；如要形坚，岂忘紫背（有紫背天葵，如常食葵菜，只
是
背紫面青，能坚铅形）；留砒住鼎，全赖宗心（别有宗心草，今呼石竹，不是食者棕恐误。
其
草出 州，生处多虫兽）。雌得芹花（其草名为立起，其形如芍药，花色青，可长三尺以来，
叶上黄班色，味苦涩，堪用，煮雌黄立住火），立便成庚； 遇赤须（其草名赤须，今呼为
虎
须草是，用煮 砂即生火验），水留金鼎。水中生火，非KT 髓而莫能（海中有兽，名曰
KT，以髓入在油中，其油粘水，水中火生，不可救之。用酒喷之即 。勿于屋下收）；长
齿
生牙，赖雄鼠之骨末（其齿若折，年多不生者，取雄鼠脊骨作末，揩折处，齿立生如故）。
发
眉堕落，涂半夏而立生（眉发堕落者，以生半夏茎炼之取涎，涂发落处立生）；目辟眼KT ，
（有五花而自正。五加皮是也。其叶有雄雌，三叶为雄，五叶为雌，须使五叶者，作末酒浸
饮之，其目KT 者正）。脚生肉 ， 系菪根（脚有肉 者，取莨菪根于 带上系之，感应
永不痛）；囊皱旋多，夜煎竹木（多小便者，夜煎萆 一件服之，永不夜起也）。体寒腹大，
全赖鸬 （若患腹大如鼓，米饮调鸬 末服，立枯如故也）；血泛经过，饮调瓜子（甜瓜子
内
仁捣作末，去油，饮调服之，立绝）。咳逆数数，酒服熟雄（天雄炮过，以酒调一钱匕服，
立
定也）；遍体疹风，冷调生侧（附子旁生者曰侧子，作末冷酒服，立瘥也）。肠虚泻痢，须假
草零（捣五倍子作末，以熟水下之，立止也）；久渴心烦，宜投竹沥。除症去块，全仗硝
（硝
即 砂、硝石二味，于乳钵中研作粉，同 了，酒服，神效也）；益食加觞，须煎芦朴（不
食者，并饮酒少者，煎逆水芦根并浓朴二味汤服）。强筋健骨，须是苁鳝（苁蓉并鳝鱼二味，
作末，以黄精汁丸服之，可力倍常十也，出《干宁记》宰）；驻色延年，精蒸神锦（出颜色，
服黄精自然汁，拌细研神锦，于柳木甑中蒸七日了，以木蜜丸服，颜貌可如幼女之容色也）。
知疮所在，口点阴胶（阴胶即是甑中气垢，少许于口中，即知脏腑所起，直彻至住处知痛，
足可医也）；产后肌浮，甘皮酒服（产后肌浮，酒服甘皮立愈）。口疮舌坼，立愈黄苏（口疮
舌
坼，以根黄涂苏炙作末，含之立瘥）。脑痛欲亡，鼻投硝末（头痛者，以硝石作末纳鼻中，
立
止）；心痛欲死，速觅延胡（以延胡索作散，酒服之，立愈也）。如斯百种，是药之功。某忝
遇明时，谬看医理；虽寻圣法，难可穷微。略陈药饵之功能，岂溺仙人之要术？其制药炮、
熬、煮、炙，不能记年月哉！欲审元由，须看海集。某不量短见，直录炮、熬、煮、炙，列
药制方，分为
至于世人使用药物，哪里知道药物自有君臣（主药与辅药）之分。既然辨别了君臣关系，难道不区分相制（药物间的制约关系）吗？就像毛（即现在的盐草）沾上尿液，立刻就能消除班肿的毒性；象胆挥动沾染，才知道药物各有性情差异。鱼插在树上，立刻就会干枯；如果用狗涂它（用犬胆灌入鱼身，插在鱼的地方立刻恢复原状），反而更加茂盛繁荣。无名（一种异形似玉柳石，又像锻石，味道不同）能止痛，截断手指后似乎去掉了指甲；圣石能治白内障，明目效果如同云雾散去太阳重现。当归既能止血又能破血，头尾功效各不相同（头部止血，尾部破血）；蕤子生熟用法不同，熟用能让人安睡，生用则导致失眠。弊淡卤（常在使用蒸锅时产生，能淡化盐味），就像酒沾交（即蜜枳缴枝，又称交加枝）。铁遇到神砂，变得像泥一样软、像粉一样细；石头经过鹤粪处理，化作灰尘飞扬；见橘花，花瓣像髓质一样。断弦折剑，遇到鸾血就能如初（用鸾血炼制成胶，粘合断裂处，铁器永远不再断裂）；海枯江竭，投入游波燕子即可让水泛起波澜。铅抗拒火性，必须依靠修天（现在称为补天石）；如果要使形体坚固，怎能忘记紫背（有紫背天葵，像平常吃的葵菜，只是背面紫色正面青色，能使铅的形状坚固）；留住砒霜在鼎中，全赖宗心（另有宗心草，现在称为石竹，不是食用的棕榈，恐怕误认。这种草出产于某州，生长处多虫兽）。雌黄遇到芹花（这种草名为立起，形状像芍药，花色青，可长三尺左右，叶上有黄色斑点，味道苦涩，可用，煮雌黄时加入它立刻停止挥发），立刻变成庚金；赤须遇到虎须草（这种草名赤须，现在称为虎须草，用它煮朱砂立即生火验证），水留在金鼎中。水中生火，非KT骨髓不能做到（海中有种兽，名叫KT，将其骨髓放入油中，这种油粘附水面，水上生火，无法扑灭。用酒喷洒即可熄灭。不要在屋内收藏）；牙齿脱落再生，依赖雄鼠骨末（如果牙齿折断，多年不长，取雄鼠脊骨磨成粉，擦拭折断处，牙齿立刻再生如旧）。眉毛头发脱落，涂抹半夏立刻生长（眉毛头发脱落者，用生半夏茎提炼取其汁液，涂抹在脱发处立刻生长）；眼睛斜视，（有一种五花五加皮能使其自正。就是五加皮。其叶分雄雌，三叶为雄，五叶为雌，必须使用五叶的，磨成粉用酒浸泡饮用，眼睛斜视者就能矫正）。脚上长出肉赘，系挂菪根（脚上有肉赘者，取莨菪根系在腰带上，感应后永不疼痛）；阴囊皱缩且夜尿多，夜间煎服竹木（夜尿多者，夜间煎服萆薢一味，永不再夜起）。身体寒冷腹部胀大，全赖鸬鹚（如果患腹大如鼓，用米汤调服鸬鹚末，立刻枯萎如旧）；血妄行经过，饮调瓜子（甜瓜子内仁捣碎作末，去油，用水或酒调服，立刻停止）。咳嗽气逆频繁，酒服熟天雄（天雄炮制后，用酒调服一钱匕，立刻安定）；遍体疹风，冷酒调服生侧子（附子旁生的叫做侧子，磨成粉用冷酒服下，立刻痊愈）。肠道虚弱泄泻痢疾，须假五倍子（捣碎五倍子作末，用熟水送下，立刻停止）；久渴心烦，宜投竹沥。去除症块，全仗硝砂（硝砂即硇砂、硝石两味药，在乳钵中研成粉，混合后，用酒服下，神效）；增进食欲增加饭量，须煎芦朴（不吃饭并饮酒少的人，煎煮逆水芦根和厚朴两味药的汤服用）。强壮筋骨，须是肉苁蓉和黄鳝（肉苁蓉和黄鳝两味药，磨成粉，用黄精汁做成丸剂服用，力气可增加十倍，出自《干宁记》宰）；驻颜延年，精蒸神锦（改善面色，服用黄精自然汁，拌入细研的神锦，在柳木蒸笼中蒸七天后，用木蜜做成丸剂服用，容貌可像幼女一样）；知道疮疡所在，口点阴胶（阴胶即是蒸锅中的气垢，少许含在口中，就知道脏腑病变起源，直达痛处可知病情，足可医治）；产后肌肤浮肿，甘皮酒服（产后肌肤浮肿，酒服甘草皮立刻痊愈）。口舌生疮裂开，立刻用黄苏治愈（口疮舌裂，用黄连涂苏木炙烤后作末，含之立刻痊愈）。头痛欲死，鼻投硝末（头痛者，将硝石磨成粉纳入鼻中，立刻停止）；心痛欲死，速觅延胡索（将延胡索磨成散剂，用酒服下，立刻痊愈）。像这样百种情况，都是药物的功效。我有幸逢遇清明之时，胡乱研读医理；虽然追寻圣人的法度，难以穷尽其中的微妙。略述药饵的功能，难道是沉溺于仙人的要术吗？那些制药的炮、熬、煮、炙等方法，不能记录年月啊！想要审察根本原因，须看《海集》。我不自量力，直接记录炮、熬、煮、炙的方法，列出药制方剂，分为……
As for the common people's use of medicines, how could they know that medicines naturally have a sovereign (Jun) and minister (Chen) hierarchy. Having distinguished the sovereign and minister roles, how could one fail to differentiate mutual restraint (Xiang Zhi)? Just as Mao (now known as Yanscao, Salt Grass) when沾 (stained with) urine, immediately dissolves the toxicity of Banzhong; or when Elephant Gallbladder is waved and touches something, one realizes that medicines possess distinct natures. A fish inserted into a tree will instantly wither; but if applied with dog bile (by pouring canine gallbladder juice into the fish and inserting it back), it thrives vigorously. Wuming (an exotic stone resembling jade willow stone or forged stone, with a different taste) stops pain; even after amputating a finger, it seems to remove the nail. Shengshi (Holy Stone) cures cataracts, restoring vision as clearly as clouds parting from the sun. Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis) can both stop bleeding and invigorate blood; its head and tail have different effects (the head stops bleeding, the tail breaks blood stasis). Ruizi (Prunus mume seed) has different effects depending on whether it is cooked or raw: cooked promotes sleep, while raw causes insomnia. Bidanlu (residue in steamers that desalinates water) acts like Jiu zhanjiao (Honey-coated Zhijiaozhi, also called Jiaojiazhi). Iron encountering Shensha (Cinnabar) becomes soft as clay and fine as powder; stones treated with crane droppings turn to flying dust. Ju hua (Orange blossom) resembles marrow. Broken strings and swords restored by Luanxue (Luan Blood, used as glue to bond fractures so iron never breaks again); dry seas and rivers revived by throwing in Youbo Yanzi (Swallowing Waves Swallow). Lead resisting fire requires Xiutian (now called Butianshi, Sky-Mending Stone); to solidify form, one must not forget Zi Bei (Zibeitiankui, a plant with purple back and green front that hardens lead). To keep Arsenic stable in the cauldron, one relies entirely on Zongxin (Zongxin Cao, now called Shizhu, not edible palm, beware of confusion). This herb grows in certain provinces where insects and beasts abound. Cishi (Realgar) meets Qin Hua (Celery Flower, named Liqi, resembling Peony, blue-green flowers, up to three feet tall, yellow-spotted leaves, bitter-astringent taste): adding it stops the volatilization of Realgar instantly, turning it into Geng Metal. Chixu (Red Whisker Grass, now called Huxu Cao, Tiger Whisker Grass) used to cook Zhu Sha (Cinnabar) generates fire as proof; water remains in the golden cauldron. Fire arising from water cannot be achieved without KT Sui (KT Marrow): there is a sea beast named KT; its marrow mixed with oil creates an oil that adheres to water, generating unquenchable fire. Sprinkling wine extinguishes it. Do not store indoors. Lost teeth regrow relying on Xiongshu Gu Mo (Male Rat Spine Bone Powder): if a tooth breaks and fails to grow for years, applying this powder to the fracture site restores it instantly. Fallen eyebrows and hair regrow upon application of Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome): extract juice from fresh Pinellia stems and apply to bald spots for instant growth. Strabismus (Piyan) is corrected by Wujiapi (Acanthopanax Bark): specifically the five-leaf variety (female), ground and taken with wine. Flesh tags on feet are cured by tying Banglanggen (Datura Root) to the belt, preventing pain through resonance. Scrotal wrinkling and frequent nocturia are treated by decocting Biba (Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome) at night, stopping nocturnal urination permanently. Cold body with abdominal distension relies on Lu'e (Cormorant): powdered Cormorant taken with rice water shrinks the abdomen instantly. Hematemesis is stopped by drinking Gua Zi (Sweet Melon Seed) powder (de-oiled seeds mixed with liquid). Frequent coughing and rebellious Qi are settled by taking Shu Xion (Cooked Tianxiong, Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii lateralis processed) with wine. Generalized wind-rash is cured by cold wine mixed with Sheng Cezi (Raw Cezi, lateral root tuber of Aconitum carmichaelii). Intestinal deficiency with diarrhea and dysentery requires Wubeizi (Chinese Gall): powdered Chinese Gall taken with warm water stops it instantly. Chronic thirst and vexation are treated with Zhuli (Bamboo Sap). Removing masses and lumps relies on Xiaosha (Nao Sha and Xiao Shi, Nitrates): ground together and taken with wine for miraculous effect. Improving appetite and increasing food intake requires decocting Lu Gen (Reed Rhizome) and Houpo (Magnolia Bark). Strengthening sinews and bones requires Rongcong (Cistanche) and Shanyu (Eel): powdered and formed into pills with Huangjing (Polygonatum) juice, doubling strength tenfold (from *Ganning Ji*). Preserving complexion and prolonging life requires Jing Zheng Shenjin (Steamed Divine Brocade): fresh Huangjing juice mixed with finely ground Shenjin, steamed in willow wood steamer for seven days, then taken as honey pills to restore youthful appearance. Knowing the location of sores is achieved by tasting Yinjiao (Steamer Condensation): placing a small amount in the mouth reveals the organ origin and pain site, aiding diagnosis. Postpartum edema is cured by Ganpi (Licorice Bark) taken with wine. Mouth ulcers and cracked tongue are healed by Huangsu (Yellow Sophora and Sophora Wood): Huangqin (Scutellaria) applied to Su Mu (Sophora Tonkinensis) roasted and powdered, held in mouth for instant relief. Severe headache is stopped by blowing Xiaoshi (Niter) powder into the nose. Severe heart pain is cured by Yanzhu (Yanhusuo, Corydalis Rhizome) powder taken with wine. Such are hundreds of examples of medicinal efficacy. I, though unworthy, encountered a enlightened era and studied medical principles; though seeking sage methods, I find it hard to exhaust their subtleties. I briefly state the functions of herbs, not to indulge in immortal arts. The processes of Pao, Ao, Zhu, and Zhi cannot be dated by year. To understand the origins, one must consult *Haiji*. Measuring my short sight, I directly record these processing methods, listing formulas, divided into...