（瓜为菜佐。因列菜后。）
【一切瓜】
一切瓜苦者。双顶双蒂者。俱有毒。不可食。
【冬瓜】
霜降后。方可食。早食伤胃反病。及阴虚人不可食。能利水。多食动胃火。令人牙龈齿
痛。又令阴湿痒生疮。发黄胆。
【菜瓜】
常食动气发疮。令脐下症瘕。不可同乳酪鱼 食。令人脘痛。又暗人耳目。不可与小儿
食。
【黄瓜】
多食动寒热。患疟疾。发百病。不可与醋同食。小儿尤忌。滑中。生疳虫。
【香瓜】
伤胃破腹。多食作泻。
【丝瓜】
性冷伤阳。凡小儿痘疮。方出未出。取近蒂三寸。连反烧灰存性。砂糖调服。多者可少。
少者可无。
【西瓜】
清暑消滞。多食伤脾胃。患泻痢。
（果实能滋阴。生果助湿热。小儿尤忌多食。）
【一切果】
食凡果实异常者。根下必有蛇。不可食。果实能浮。不浮者杀人。
【莲子】
生者动气。胀人。伤脾胃。熟者佳。宜去心。治泄精补脾。久食轻身耐老。忌地黄大蒜。
建莲甚有力。
【藕】
生食清热破血。除烦渴。解酒毒。熟补五脏。实下焦。与蜜同食。令腹脏肥。不生诸虫。
久服轻身耐老。藕节煎浓汤食。最能散血。吐血虚劳人宜多食。
【枣】
生食损脾作泻。令人寒热腹胀。滑肠难化。瘦弱人更不可食。熟食补脾。和诸药。凡中
满与腹胀牙痛者。俱不可食。小儿多食生疳。忌同葱食。
【梅子】
止渴生津。多食坏齿损筋。令人膈上发寒热。服地黄人更不可食。乌梅安蛔止痢。敛肿。
不可多食。
【樱桃】
多食发暗风。伤筋骨。小儿多食作热。
【橘】
甜者润肺。酸者聚痰。多食损气。
【柑】
多食令人脾冷发痼疾。大肠泄。
【橙皮】
多食伤肝。与槟榔同食。头旋恶。
【桃】
伤胃。多食作热。桃仁破血。润大肠。双仁者杀人。不可与同食。服术人不可食。
【李】
发疟。多食令人虚热。和蜜食伤五脏。不可临水啖，及同雀肉食。俱损人。李不沉水者
大毒。不可食。
【杏】
多食伤筋骨盲目。杏仁泻肺火。消痰下气。止嗽。久服损须发。动宿疾。双仁者杀人。
【枇杷】
多食发痰热。不可与炙肉面同食。发黄病。
【梨】
益齿而损脾。治上焦热。醒酒消痰。病患虚人多食。泄泻浮肿。以心小肉细，嚼之无渣。
而味纯甘者佳。
【石榴】
生津解咽喉热。多食损肺损齿。
【栗】
生食难消化。熟食滞气。灰火煨令汗出。杀其水气。或曝干炒食。略可多食。气壅患疯。
及小儿忌多食。
【柿】
干饼性冷。生者尤冷。惟治肺热。解烦渴。多食腹痛。久食寒中。同蟹食。即腹痛泄泻。
【白果】
引疳解酒。小儿未满十五岁。食者发惊搐。
【核桃仁】
即胡桃。补肾利小便。动风动痰。久食脱眉。同酒肉食。令人咯血。若齿豁及酸物伤齿
者。食之愈。
【松子】
润燥明目生痰。久服轻身不老。
【圆眼】
安神补血。久服轻身不老。同当归浸酒饮养血。
【荔子】
通神健气。美颜色。多食发虚热。
【榧子】
能消谷。助筋骨。杀诸虫。疗诸疮。润肺止嗽。
【榛子】
益气力。宽肠胃。又能健行。
【荸荠】
消食除满。作粉食之。浓肠胃。性毁铜。不可多食。
【菱】
多食冷脏伤脾。
【山药】
凉而补肺。久食强阴。耳目聪明。延年。
（瓜类作为菜肴的佐料，因此列在蔬菜之后。）
【所有瓜类】
凡是味道苦涩的瓜，以及具有双顶端、双蒂头的瓜，都含有毒性，不可食用。
【冬瓜】
必须在霜降节气之后才能食用。过早食用会损伤胃气并引发疾病。阴虚体质的人也不宜食用。冬瓜能通利小便，但多吃会扰动胃火，导致牙龈肿痛。此外，还会引起阴部潮湿瘙痒甚至生疮，导致面色发黄及黄疸病。
【菜瓜】
经常食用会扰动体内气机并诱发疮疡，导致脐下出现症瘕（腹内结块）。不可与乳制品、酪浆或鱼类同食，否则会引起脘腹疼痛。还会使人耳目昏花不明。不可给小儿食用。
【黄瓜】
多吃会引发寒热交替的症状，诱发疟疾及其他各种疾病。不可与醋同食，小儿尤其忌讳。黄瓜性滑利肠道，易滋生疳虫。
【香瓜】
损伤胃气，破伤腹部。多吃会导致腹泻。
【丝瓜】
性质寒冷，损伤阳气。凡小儿患痘疮，无论痘疹刚发出还是尚未发出，取靠近瓜蒂约三寸的部分，连同瓜蒂一起烧成灰并保留药性，用砂糖调服。病情重者剂量稍多，病情轻者可不用。
【西瓜】
能清除暑热、消除积滞。但多吃会损伤脾胃，引发泄泻和痢疾。
（果实具有滋阴功效，但生吃会助长湿热，小儿尤其忌讳多吃。）
【所有果实】
食用那些形态异常的果实时，其根部下方必定有蛇出没，不可食用。果实如果在水中能漂浮，说明有毒；不能漂浮的反而可能致命（注：此处原文逻辑较晦涩，通常指异常浮沉皆警示，依字面译为不浮者杀人）。
【莲子】
生莲子会扰动气机，导致腹胀，损伤脾胃。熟莲子较好，适宜去掉莲心。用于治疗遗精，补益脾脏。长期食用可使身体轻盈、延缓衰老。忌与地黄、大蒜同食。建莲（福建产莲子）效力更强。
【藕】
生吃能清热、破血，消除烦渴，解酒毒。熟食能补益五脏，固摄下焦。与蜂蜜同食，会使腹部脏腑肥满，不生寄生虫。长期服用可使身体轻盈、延缓衰老。藕节煎煮浓汤饮用，最能散血，吐血及虚劳病人适宜多吃。
【枣】
生吃损伤脾脏并导致腹泻，使人出现寒热、腹胀，滑肠难消化。瘦弱之人更不可食用。熟食能补脾，调和诸药。凡是有中满（胸腹胀满）和腹胀、牙痛症状的人，都不可食用。小儿多吃会生疳积。忌与葱同食。
【梅子】
能止渴生津。多吃会损坏牙齿、损伤筋脉，使人膈上出现寒热症状。正在服用地黄的人更不可食用。乌梅能安蛔止痛、止痢，收敛肿胀。不可多吃。
【樱桃】
多吃会诱发暗风（一种隐伏的风邪病症），损伤筋骨。小儿多吃会产生内热。
【橘】
甜橘润肺，酸橘聚痰。多吃会耗损正气。
【柑】
多吃会使脾脏寒冷，诱发顽固性疾病，导致大肠泄泻。
【橙皮】
多吃损伤肝脏。与槟榔同食，会引起头晕恶心。
【桃】
损伤胃气。多吃会产生内热。桃仁能破血，润肠通便。双仁桃（两个核的桃子）有毒，不可同食。正在服用白术的人不可食用。
【李】
诱发疟疾。多吃使人产生虚热。与蜂蜜同食会损伤五脏。不可在水边进食李子，也不可与李肉同食雀肉，都会损害人体。沉水不好的李子（指品质不佳或变质）有大毒，不可食用。
【杏】
多吃损伤筋骨，导致视力模糊甚至失明。杏仁能清泻肺火，消痰下气，止咳。长期服用会损伤须发，诱发旧疾。双仁杏有毒，可致人死亡。
【枇杷】
多吃会生痰热。不可与烤肉、面食同食，否则会导致发黄病。
【梨】
有益牙齿但损伤脾脏。治疗上焦热证，醒酒消痰。病患及虚人多食会导致泄泻、浮肿。以心小肉细、咀嚼无渣且味道纯甘者为佳。
【石榴】
生津液，缓解咽喉热。多吃损伤肺脏和牙齿。
【栗】
生吃难以消化，熟食阻滞气机。用灰火煨烤至出汗，以去除其水湿之气，或者晒干炒食，可以稍微多吃些。气机壅滞患有疯病的人，以及小儿，都忌讳多吃。
【柿】
干饼性质的柿子偏冷，生柿子尤其寒冷。仅用于治疗肺热，解除烦渴。多吃会引起腹痛，长期食用会导致中焦虚寒。与螃蟹同食，立即引起腹痛泄泻。
【白果】
引动疳积，解酒毒。十五岁以下儿童食用会引发惊厥抽搐。
【核桃仁】
即胡桃。补肾，利小便。但易动风生痰。长期食用会导致眉毛脱落。与酒、肉食同食，使人咯血。若牙齿豁裂或被酸性食物损伤，食用它可以痊愈。
【松子】
润燥明目，但生痰。长期服用可使身体轻盈、不老。
【圆眼】
即龙眼。安神补血。长期服用可使身体轻盈、不老。与当归浸泡在酒中饮用，可养血。
【荔子】
即荔枝。通神健气，美化颜色。多吃会引发虚热。
【榧子】
能消化谷物，辅助筋骨，杀灭各种寄生虫，治疗各种疮疡，润肺止咳。
【榛子】
益气力，宽肠胃，又能强健行走能力。
【荸荠】
消食除胀。制成粉食用，能厚肠胃。其性会毁坏铜器，不可多吃。
【菱】
多吃使内脏寒冷，损伤脾脏。
【山药】
性凉而补肺。长期食用能强阴，使耳目聪明，延年益寿。
(Gourds are used as accompaniments to vegetables; therefore, they are listed after the vegetable section.)
[All Gourds]
Any gourd that tastes bitter, or those with double apices and double pedicels, are toxic and should not be eaten.
[Donggua (Winter Melon)]
It can only be consumed after the Frost Descent solar term. Eating it early damages the Stomach Qi and causes illness. It is also contraindicated for individuals with Yin deficiency. Donghua promotes diuresis. Excessive consumption agitates Stomach Fire, leading to gingival swelling and toothache. Furthermore, it may cause dampness in the genital area, resulting in itching and sores, yellowing of the complexion, and jaundice.
[Cai Gua (Chinese Cucumber)]
Frequent consumption agitates internal Qi and induces sores, leading to zheng jia (abdominal masses) below the umbilicus. It must not be consumed together with dairy products, cheese, or fish, as this causes epigastric pain. It also dulls vision and hearing. It should not be given to children.
[Huang Gua (Cucumber)]
Excessive consumption triggers alternating chills and fever, inducing malaria and various other diseases. It must not be eaten with vinegar, and children should strictly avoid it. It has a slippery nature that affects the intestines and generates gan worms (parasitic infections in children).
[Xiang Gua (Muskmelon)]
It damages the Stomach and harms the abdomen. Excessive consumption causes diarrhea.
[Sigua (Luffa)]
Its nature is cold and damages Yang Qi. For children suffering from smallpox, whether the lesions have just appeared or are yet to emerge, take approximately three cun near the pedicel, including the pedicel itself, burn it to ash while preserving its medicinal properties, and administer mixed with rock sugar. The dosage can be higher for severe cases and omitted for mild ones.
[Xigua (Watermelon)]
It clears summer-heat and resolves stagnation. However, excessive consumption damages the Spleen and Stomach, leading to diarrhea and dysentery.
(Fruits nourish Yin. Raw fruits promote damp-heat, and children should especially avoid eating them in excess.)
[All Fruits]
When consuming any fruit that appears abnormal, there is likely a snake beneath its roots; do not eat such fruits. If a fruit floats in water, it indicates toxicity; if it does not float, it may be fatal.
[Lian Zi (Lotus Seed)]
Raw lotus seeds agitate Qi, cause abdominal distension, and damage the Spleen and Stomach. Cooked lotus seeds are superior. The heart (embryo) should be removed. They treat seminal emission and tonify the Spleen. Long-term consumption makes the body light and delays aging. Contraindicated with Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix) and Da Suan (Garlic). Jian Lian (lotus seeds from Fujian) has stronger efficacy.
Ou (Lotus Root)
Consumed raw, it clears heat, invigorates blood, relieves irritability and thirst, and detoxifies alcohol. Consumed cooked, it tonifies the Five Viscera and secures the Lower Jiao. Eaten with honey, it causes abdominal fullness and prevents parasitic worms. Long-term use makes the body light and delays aging. Decoction of Ou Jie (Lotus Root Node) in concentrated soup is most effective for dispersing blood stasis; patients with hematemesis and consumptive disease should consume it frequently.
Zao (Jujube)
Eaten raw, it damages the Spleen, causes diarrhea, induces chills/fever and abdominal distension, and causes loose stools that are hard to digest. Emaciated individuals should particularly avoid it. Cooked, it tonifies the Spleen and harmonizes other herbs. Individuals with middle-fullness, abdominal distension, or toothache must not eat it. Children eating too many develop gan syndrome. Contraindicated with Cong Bai (Scallion White).
Mei Zi (Plum)
Stops thirst and generates fluids. Excessive consumption damages teeth and sinews, causing chills and fever above the diaphragm. Individuals taking Dihuang must not eat it. Wu Mei (Smoked Plum) calms roundworms, stops dysentery, and reduces swelling. Do not eat in excess.
Ying Tao (Cherry)
Excessive consumption induces an-feng (latent wind disorders) and damages sinews and bones. Children eating too many generate internal heat.
Ju (Tangerine/Orange - Sweet)
Sweet varieties moisten the Lungs; sour varieties accumulate phlegm. Excessive consumption depletes Zheng Qi (Upright Qi).
Gan (Mandarin Orange)
Excessive consumption makes the Spleen cold, induces chronic diseases, and causes large intestine diarrhea.
Cheng Pi (Poncirus Peel)
Excessive consumption damages the Liver. Consumed with Bing Lang (Areca Seed), it causes dizziness and nausea.
Tao (Peach)
Damages the Stomach. Excessive consumption generates internal heat. Tao Ren (Peach Kernel) invigorates blood and moistens the large intestine. Peaches with two kernels are toxic and must not be eaten together. Individuals taking Zhu Shu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) must not eat peaches.
Li (Plum)
Induces malaria. Excessive consumption causes deficient heat. Eaten with honey, it damages the Five Viscera. Do not eat by the water, nor eat Li Rou (plum flesh) with Sparrow meat, as both harm the body. Plums that do not sink in water are highly toxic and inedible.
Xing (Apricot)
Excessive consumption damages sinews and bones, leading to blindness. Xing Ren (Apricot Kernel) drains Lung Fire, resolves phlegm, directs Qi downward, and stops coughing. Long-term use damages hair and eyebrows and aggravates old diseases. Apricots with two kernels are fatal.
Pi Pa (Loquat)
Excessive consumption generates phlegm-heat. Must not be eaten with roasted meat or noodles, as this causes jaundice.
Li (Pear)
Benefits teeth but damages the Spleen. Treats Upper Jiao heat, revives consciousness from drunkenness, and resolves phlegm. Patients and weak individuals who eat too much suffer from diarrhea and edema. Pears with small cores, fine flesh, no residue when chewed, and pure sweet taste are best.
Shi Liu (Pomegranate)
Generates fluids and relieves throat heat. Excessive consumption damages the Lungs and teeth.
Li (Chestnut)
Raw chestnuts are hard to digest; cooked ones stagnate Qi. Roasting in ashes until sweating removes their damp-cold nature. Drying or frying allows for slightly larger quantities. Individuals with Qi stagnation and wind disorders, as well as children, should avoid excessive consumption.
Shi (Persimmon)
Dried persimmon cakes are cold; raw persimmons are extremely cold. They only treat Lung heat and relieve thirst. Excessive consumption causes abdominal pain; long-term consumption causes Cold in the Middle Jiao. Eating with crab immediately causes abdominal pain and diarrhea.
Bai Guo (Ginkgo Nut)
Triggers gan syndrome and detoxifies alcohol. Children under fifteen years old who consume it may experience convulsions and seizures.
He Tao Ren (Walnut Kernel)
Also known as Hu Tao. Tonifies the Kidney and promotes urination. However, it may stir Wind and generate Phlegm. Long-term consumption leads to eyebrow loss. Consumed with alcohol or meat, it causes hemoptysis. It heals cracked teeth or teeth damaged by acidic foods.
Song Zi (Pine Nut)
Moistens dryness, brightens eyes, but generates phlegm. Long-term consumption makes the body light and prevents aging.
Yuan Yan (Longan)
Calms the Spirit and tonifies Blood. Long-term consumption makes the body light and prevents aging. Soaked in wine with Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis) to nourish Blood.
Li Zi (Lychee)
Enhances mental clarity and Qi, beautifies complexion. Excessive consumption induces deficient heat.
Fei Zi (Torreya Seed)
Promotes digestion of grains, supports sinews and bones, kills parasites, treats sores, moistens the Lungs, and stops coughing.
Zhen Zi (Hazel Nut)
Boosts physical strength, relaxes the stomach and intestines, and improves mobility.
Bi Qi (Water Chestnut)
Resolves food stagnation and distension. Made into powder for consumption, it thickens the stomach and intestines. Its nature corrodes copper; do not eat in excess.
Ling (Water Caltrop)
Excessive consumption cools the viscera and damages the Spleen.
Shan Yao (Chinese Yam)
Cool in nature and tonifies the Lungs. Long-term consumption strengthens Yin, improves hearing and vision, and prolongs life.