（其）味道甘甜，性平，无毒。主要功效是滋养精神、补益元气，使人身体丰满健壮，能解除药物中毒，治疗妇女赤白带下。
（其）味道辛，性温，无毒。主要功效是降气，清除脏腑内的风邪和寒气，去除痰液，解除肉类毒素。
（其）味道辛，性热，有毒。主要功效是驱除邪气引起的咳嗽气逆，温暖中焦，降下冷气，祛除湿痹。
（其）味道辛，性温，无毒。主要功效是治疗胃中寒凉导致的呕吐反逆、霍乱、腹痛，并解酒毒。
（其）味道甘，性温，无毒。主要功效是调理膀胱、肾经的寒气，调和脾胃以止痛，止住呕吐。
（其）味道辛，性温，无毒。健脾开胃，温暖中焦，补益肾脏，解除鱼、肉毒素。
（其）味道甘，性平，无毒。止渴，开胃口，降痰，破除冷积。
（其）味道辛，性温，无毒。治疗心腹疼痛，止呕，补益胃气，降气，消除酒毒。
（其）味道甘辛，性大热，有毒。治疗心腹部的寒热症状，冷痰，通利肝肺之气。
（其）味道辛苦，性寒，无毒。主要功效是治疗心腹部的结块积聚，降气破血，祛除风热。
（其）味辛，性温，无毒。温暖中焦，降气，补益腰脚疼痛，消食，去除胃中寒气。
（其）味道辛，性温，无毒。主要功效是治疗虚劳引起的寒冷腹泻，宿食不消化，降气。
（其）味道辛，性温，无毒。消食降气，去除心腹胀满，使人能够进食。
（其）味道甘，性平，无毒。调和各种药物，解除多种毒素。
（其）味辛，性温，无毒。消食，治疗五脏虚弱不足，解除鱼、肉毒素。
（其）味道辛，性温热，无毒。主要功效是治疗胸膈部的咳嗽气逆，止腹痛，治疗霍乱，缓解胀满。
（其）味道辛，微温。主要功效是治疗伤寒引起的头痛，咳嗽气逆上冲，止呕，清神醒脑。
（其）味道酸，性温，无毒。补益元气，补充精髓，温暖中焦，润肺，滋养脏腑并增强阴气。
（其）味道苦，性温，无毒。主要功效是治疗肾脏虚冷，腹部和胁部胀满，治疗膀胱疾病。
(Taste) sweet, nature neutral, non-toxic. Primarily nourishes the spirit and benefits qi, making the body robust and strong; detoxifies medicinal poisons; treats leukorrhea (red discharge) in women.
(Taste) pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Primarily directs qi downward, dispels wind-cold from the zang-fu organs, eliminates phlegm, and detoxifies meat poisons.
(Taste) pungent, nature hot, toxic. Primarily expels pathogenic factors causing cough and rebellious qi, warms the middle jiao, directs cold qi downward, and resolves damp-bi syndrome.
(Taste) pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Primarily treats cold-rebellious stomach with vomiting, cholera-like disorder (huoluan), abdominal pain, and resolves alcohol toxicity.
(Taste) sweet, nature warm, non-toxic. Primarily regulates cold qi in the Bladder and Kidney meridians, harmonizes the middle to relieve pain, and stops vomiting.
(Taste) pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Strengthens the spleen and stimulates appetite, warms the middle jiao, tonifies the Kidney organ, and detoxifies fish and meat poisons.
(Taste) sweet, nature neutral, non-toxic. Stops thirst, opens the stomach appetite, directs phlegm downward, and breaks up cold accumulations.
(Taste) pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Treats heart and abdominal pain, stops vomiting, tonifies the Stomach, directs qi downward, and dissipates alcohol toxicity.
(Taste) sweet and pungent, nature greatly hot, toxic. Treats cold-heat conditions of the heart and abdomen, cold phlegm, and promotes the free flow of Liver and Lung qi.
(Taste) pungent and bitter, nature cold, non-toxic. Primarily treats nodular accumulations in the heart and abdomen, directs qi downward and invigorates blood, and dispels wind-heat.
Taste pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Warms the middle jiao and directs qi downward, supplements soreness/pain in the waist and feet, aids digestion, and removes cold from the Stomach.
(Taste) pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Primarily treats deficiency-wasting with cold diarrhea, undigested food retention, and directs qi downward.
(Taste) pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Aids digestion and directs qi downward, removes distension and fullness in the heart and abdomen, and promotes appetite.
(Taste) sweet, nature neutral, non-toxic. Harmonizes various herbs and resolves multiple toxins.
Taste pungent, nature warm, non-toxic. Aids digestion, treats insufficiency of the five zang organs, and detoxifies fish and meat poisons.
(Taste) pungent, nature warm-hot, non-toxic. Primarily treats cough and rebellious qi in the chest and diaphragm, stops abdominal pain, treats cholera-like disorders, and relieves distension/fullness.
(Taste) pungent, slightly warm. Primarily treats headache due to Cold Damage (Shanghan), cough with rebellious ascending qi, stops vomiting, and clears the spirit.
(Taste) sour, nature warm, non-toxic. Benefits qi, supplements essence, warms the middle, moistens the Lungs, nourishes the zang-fu organs, and strengthens yin.
(Taste) bitter, nature warm, non-toxic. Primarily treats Kidney organ deficiency-cold, abdominal and hypochondriac distension/fullness, and treats Bladder diseases.
(Taste) sweet, nature neutral, non-toxic. Strengthens the spleen, benefits qi, and warms the middle. Used when pickling fish and meat.
(Taste) sweet, nature neutral, non-toxic. Opens the stomach appetite and directs qi downward. Used in baking sesame cakes (shaobing); extremely fragrant and delicious.