古之论腰痛有五种而大抵俱本于肾盖肾主腰脚而三阴三阳十二经奇经八脉皆贯于肾络于
腰脊
伤肾
孙尚药曰夫六淫之气天之常行者也盖人无撙节伤其气候暴中邪毒有疏治疗转着肢体或寒
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二气同
曰夫风者天地之号令物性之动气人虽万物之贵不能撙节触冒四时乘精气虚邪而入于腠里积之
微末累伤重并满而大作或不慎味欲所伤又深虚邪实邪以干正气搏阳经则痿厥而肢体不收袭阴
经则筋挛络急中风之名因兹而起初得小中之号渐作瘫痪之疾故风趣百窍独聚一肢言舌謇涩形
若痴人医者妄令吐泻用药躁烦十无一痊致使人手足不任精神昏乱殊不知内不能通外不能泄致
瞀闷形死又不知通泄之药亦不在大吐大下似此治疗往往五死五生虽其人禀气充实亦为所苦弥
甚不幸遂至枉死切观自古圣贤治疗有法十有九验夫疗病之法必先准四时虚实以详中病之由根据
绳墨拯济乃是解死脱厄之路四时之病春中时风自东而来名曰温风盖时令不和而伤人也浮而轻
浅可汗而解败毒散羌活细辛之类更看发起在阴在阳随而得效若其人自虚羸从后而来名曰虚风
中人烦闷肢体挛痹不任便可服续命汤八风汤成剂顿服更加灸法三五日间势必减退渐渐调和以
求生路如从前来名曰实风亦主人瞀闷脉紧浮大宜以伏神汤西州续命汤求效不用火劫自使势慢
须缓缓治之故千金曰风者百病之长又曰治风不以续命汤治之则不为治风所以见圣人之心矣更
有后方经验颇多并根据四时虚实治疗录之如下切在对病详证用之
古代论述腰痛有五种，但大抵都根源于肾。因为肾主宰腰部和下肢，而三阴三阳十二经脉以及奇经八脉都贯穿肾脏并联络腰脊。
孙尚药说：六淫之气是自然界正常运行的气候因素。人如果不能节制（适应气候变化），就会损伤气候，导致邪毒突然侵袭。如果治疗不及时或不当，病邪就会滞留肢体；或者因冷热失调，使用错误的方剂，甚至导致死亡。
又说：风是天地运行的号令，是万物性质的变动之气。人虽然是万物中尊贵的，但不能节制自己，触犯冒犯四季气候，乘精气虚弱之时，虚邪侵入腠理。积微成著，累积伤害，重邪合并，病情大作。如果不慎饮食口味欲望受到损伤，又深入体内，虚邪实邪干扰正气，搏结于阳经则导致痿厥而肢体不能收持，袭扰阴经则导致筋挛络急，中风之名由此产生。起初称为小中，逐渐发展为瘫痪之疾。所以风气百窍独聚于一肢，言语謇涩，形态如同痴呆之人。医者胡乱令其吐泻，用药急躁烦乱，十人之中没有一人痊愈，致使人们手足无力，精神昏乱。却不知道内不能通泄，外不能发散，导致神志昏蒙闷乱，形体似死。又不知道通泄的药物也不在于剧烈的吐下。像这样的治疗，往往五死五生。即使其人禀赋之气充实，也被这种治疗所苦害，更加严重，不幸最终导致枉死。
仔细考察自古圣贤的治疗都有法度，十次有九次见效。治疗疾病的方法，必须先根据四时虚实来详细分析致病的原因，遵循规矩法度进行拯救救济，这才是解除死亡、脱离厄运的道路。四时的疾病：春季感受时令之风，从东方而来，名叫温风。这是因为时令不和而伤人，脉象浮而轻浅，可以用发汗法解表，如败毒散、羌活、细辛之类；更要看发起是在阴经还是阳经，随证施治即可见效。如果其人自身虚弱羸弱，风从后面而来，名叫虚风。中人后出现烦闷、肢体挛痹、不能忍受，便可服用续命汤、八风汤，制成丸剂顿服，再加灸法，三五日间势必减退，渐渐调和以求生路。如果从前面而来，名叫实风，也主人神志昏闷，脉象紧浮大，适宜用伏神汤、西州续命汤求效，不用火劫疗法，自然使病势缓慢，必须缓缓治疗。所以《千金方》说：风是百病之长。又说：治疗风病如果不使用续命汤，就不能算是治疗风病。所以可见圣人的用心了。另外还有后方经验颇多，都是根据四时虚实治疗的，记录如下。务必在对病详查证候后使用。
Ancient discussions on lower back pain mention five types, but generally all originate from the Kidney. This is because the Kidney governs the waist and legs, while the Twelve Regular Meridians of Yin and Yang and the Eight Extraordinary Vessels all penetrate the Kidney and connect to the lumbar spine.
Sun Shangyao stated: The Six Excesses (Liu Yin) are the normal climatic factors of nature. If humans fail to regulate themselves in accordance with climate changes, they will damage their constitution, allowing pathogenic toxins to strike suddenly. If treatment is delayed or inappropriate, pathogens may linger in the limbs; alternatively, improper management of cold and heat, or the use of incorrect prescriptions, can even lead to death.
He further said: Wind is the decree of Heaven and Earth, the moving energy of the characteristics of all things. Although humans are the most noble among all things, if they fail to exercise self-restraint and expose themselves to the seasonal climates, when their vital essence is deficient, empty pathogens enter the interstices (Cou Li). Accumulating from minute amounts, cumulative injury occurs; heavy pathogens merge, causing severe disease progression. If one is careless with diet and desires, causing deep internal damage, empty and excess pathogens interfere with healthy Qi. When battling the Yang Meridians, it leads to flaccidity and cold extremities where the limbs cannot be controlled; when attacking the Yin Meridians, it causes tendon spasms and meridian tightness. Thus arises the name "Zhong Feng" (Wind Strike). Initially termed minor wind strike, it gradually develops into paralysis. Therefore, wind gathers in a single limb, causing speech impediments and a demeanor resembling dementia. Physicians mistakenly induce vomiting and purging, using impetuous medications; ten out of ten patients fail to recover. This renders the hands and feet weak and the spirit confused. They do not realize that internally there is no unblocking or draining, and externally there is no dispersing, leading to mental confusion and a corpse-like state. Furthermore, they do not understand that unblocking and draining herbs do not necessarily require drastic vomiting or purging. Such treatments often result in five deaths and five survivals. Even if the individual has robust innate Qi, this mistreatment exacerbates their suffering, unfortunately leading to premature death.
Careful observation of ancient sages reveals that their treatments followed principles, achieving success nine times out of ten. The method of treating disease must first assess the deficiency and excess according to the four seasons to detail the cause of illness, adhering to standard rules for rescue and relief, which is the path to escaping death and distress. Regarding diseases of the four seasons: In spring, one contracts seasonal wind coming from the east, called Warm Wind. This is caused by disharmony of the season injuring the person; the pulse is floating and light/shallow, and it can be resolved through diaphoresis (sweating), using formulas such as Baidu San (Rescue the Damaged Powder) or herbs like Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) and Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma). One must also determine if the onset involves Yin or Yang meridians and treat accordingly for efficacy. If the person is inherently weak and emaciated, and wind comes from behind, it is called Deficient Wind. After being struck, symptoms include irritability, limb spasms and bi-syndrome, and intolerance; one should take Xuming Tang (Life-Continuing Decoction) or Bafeng Tang (Eight Winds Decoction), prepared as pills taken in one dose, supplemented with moxibustion. Within three to five days, the condition will surely subside, gradually harmonizing to preserve life. If the wind comes from the front, it is called Excess Wind. It also presents with mental confusion and a tight, floating, large pulse. One should seek efficacy using Fushen Tang or Xizhou Xuming Tang, avoiding fire-therapy (Huojie), allowing the pathogen to slow down naturally. Treatment must be gradual. Thus, the *Qianjin Fang* states: Wind is the leader of a hundred diseases. It also says: To treat wind without using Xuming Tang is not to treat wind. This reveals the intention of the sages. Additionally, there are many subsequent prescriptions with extensive experience, all based on treating according to the four seasons' deficiency and excess. They are recorded below. One must carefully examine the disease and syndrome before applying them.