一阳,少阳三焦也;足之一阳,少阳胆经也。膀胱,水也;小肠三焦,火也;胆,木也。三日死者,水之生
数一,火之生数二,合而为三。又三者,木之生数。尽水火之生数而死于木也。
三阴三阳俱搏,心腹满。发尽,不得隐曲,五日死。
三阴三阳俱搏者,手足太阴合手足太阳之气,而相搏击也。手太阴,肺金,天也;足太阴,脾土,
地也;手太阳,小肠,火也;足太阳,膀胱,水也。太阴,天地之气;太阳,水火之气。不和,
故心腹满。三阴三阳俱搏,则肺之天气,脾之地气,膀胱之水气,小肠之火气,发泄已尽,不得有所隐
曲也。隐,幽隐;曲,曲匿。与上文病发心脾之不得隐曲不同也。五日死者,土之生数五,天地
水火不交会于中土而死也。
二阳俱搏,其病温,死不治,不过十日死。
二阳俱搏者,手足阳明胃与大肠之气相搏击也。温,热也。其病温,以阳明之阳,而见温热之病。
阳亢津竭,故死不治。又曰不过十日死者,言上文不交会于中土,则五日死,此阳明土气亢热,
亦不过十日死。五、十居中,皆土数也。此言阳搏阴搏则死,是非阴阳之常,而为阴阳之别也。
帝问四经十二从,乃探阴阳之理,而求其常。岐伯不论阴阳之常,而论阴阳之别,意谓欲知阴阳
之常,必知阴阳之别,不知阴阳之别,则阴阳之理,犹为未尽云尔。
一阳,指的是少阳三焦;足部的一阳,指的是少阳胆经。膀胱属水;小肠和三焦属火;胆属木。若在三日死亡,是因为水的生数是1,火的生数是2,两者相加为3。另外,“三”也是木的生数。这是耗尽了水和火的生数而死于木气所致。
如果三阴和三阳的脉象都出现搏击有力的情况,患者会出现心腹部胀满。症状发作彻底,无法进行隐蔽或屈曲的动作(指大小便不通或性功能受阻),五日后死亡。
所谓“三阴三阳俱搏”,是指手太阴肺经与足太阴脾经、手太阳小肠经与足太阳膀胱经的气机相互搏击。手太阴肺属金,对应天;足太阴脾属土,对应地;手太阳小肠属火;足太阳膀胱属水。太阴经代表天地之气,太阳经代表水火之气。由于气机不和,所以导致心腹满闷。当三阴三阳之气都相互搏击时,肺的天气、脾的地气、膀胱的水气、小肠的火气都会发泄殆尽,导致身体无法保持任何隐秘或屈曲的状态(即生理功能完全丧失)。这里的“隐”指幽深隐蔽,“曲”指曲折隐匿。这与上文提到的病发于心脾导致的“不得隐曲”不同。若在五日死亡,是因为土的生数是5,天地水火之气不在中土(脾胃)交会,从而导致死亡。
如果二阳(阳明经)的脉象都出现搏击有力的情况,病症表现为温病,属于死证,难以治疗,不超过十日就会死亡。
所谓“二阳俱搏”,是指手阳明大肠经与足阳明胃经的气机相互搏击。“温”即热。其病表现为温病,是因为阳明经阳气过盛,表现出温热性质的疾病。阳气亢盛导致津液枯竭,所以是死证,难以治疗。又说“不超过十日死亡”,是指上文提到天地水火不交会于中土则五日死,此处阳明土气亢盛发热,也不超过十日死亡。数字五和十都居中,都属于土的成数/生数范畴。这里说的是阳脉搏击阴脉则死,这不是阴阳的正常状态,而是阴阳的特殊变异(别)。
黄帝询问四经和十二从,是为了探究阴阳的道理,并寻求其常规规律。岐伯没有论述阴阳的常规,而是论述阴阳的特殊变异(别)。其意图在于:想要了解阴阳的常规,必须了解阴阳的特殊变异;如果不了解阴阳的特殊变异,那么对阴阳道理的理解就不算透彻。
One Yang refers to Shaoyang Sanjiao (Triple Burner); the One Yang of the foot refers to Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian. The Bladder belongs to Water; the Small Intestine and Sanjiao belong to Fire; the Gallbladder belongs to Wood. Death occurring on the third day is due to the generating number of Water being one, and the generating number of Fire being two, which sum to three. Furthermore, "three" is also the generating number of Wood. This indicates death resulting from Wood after exhausting the generating numbers of Water and Fire.
If the pulses of all Three Yin and all Three Yang are vigorous and striking (Ju Bo), there will be fullness in the heart and abdomen. When the symptoms manifest completely, the patient cannot perform hidden or flexed actions (referring to difficulties in urination, defecation, or sexual function), leading to death on the fifth day.
"Three Yin and Three Yang Ju Bo" means that the Qi of Hand Taiyin Lung Meridian and Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian, along with Hand Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian and Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian, are fighting each other. Hand Taiyin Lung belongs to Metal, corresponding to Heaven; Foot Taiyin Spleen belongs to Earth, corresponding to Earth; Hand Taiyang Small Intestine belongs to Fire; Foot Taiyang Bladder belongs to Water. Taiyin represents the Qi of Heaven and Earth; Taiyang represents the Qi of Water and Fire. Due to disharmony, heart and abdominal fullness occurs. When the Qi of all Three Yin and Three Yang fight each other, the Heavenly Qi of the Lung, Earthly Qi of the Spleen, Water Qi of the Bladder, and Fire Qi of the Small Intestine are fully exhausted, leaving no capacity for any hidden or flexed state. Here, "Yin" implies deep concealment, and "Qu" implies crooked hiding. This differs from the "cannot perform hidden or flexed actions" caused by disease affecting the Heart and Spleen mentioned earlier. Death on the fifth day is because the generating number of Earth is five; death occurs because the Qi of Heaven, Earth, Water, and Fire do not intersect in the Central Earth (Spleen/Stomach).
If the pulses of Two Yang (Yangming) are both vigorous and striking, the disease manifests as a Warm Disease (Wen Bing). It is incurable, and death will occur within ten days.
"Two Yang Ju Bo" means that the Qi of Hand Yangming Large Intestine Meridian and Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian are fighting each other. "Wen" means Heat. The disease manifests as Warm Disease because the Yang of Yangming is excessive, presenting heat-type pathology. Excessive Yang leads to exhaustion of Body Fluids (Jin Ye), making it an incurable fatal condition. It is further stated that death occurs within ten days: whereas the previous case involving non-intersection in Central Earth resulted in death on the fifth day, this case involves hyperactive and hot Earth Qi of Yangming, resulting in death within ten days. The numbers five and ten both occupy the center position and belong to the numbers of Earth. This passage states that when Yang pulse strikes Yin pulse, death ensues; this is not the normal state of Yin and Yang, but rather a special variation (Bie) of Yin and Yang.
The Yellow Emperor asked about the Four Meridians and Twelve Conformities (Shi Er Cong) to explore the principles of Yin and Yang and seek their regular patterns. Qibo did not discuss the regular patterns of Yin and Yang, but rather their special variations (Bie). The intent is that to understand the regular patterns of Yin and Yang, one must understand their special variations; without understanding these variations, the comprehension of Yin and Yang principles remains incomplete.