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In cases where infants and children are ill, presenting with heat-induced abdominal pain, fright (Jing), or obstruction of both urination and defecation, the condition is extremely critical. One must differentiate between deficiency and excess, and urgently employ methods to promote unblocking and purgation.

If the child has a robust constitution with severe internal heat, administer Sanhuang Wan (Three-Yellow Pill) internally, and apply the navel-pasting method externally; defecation will then be facilitated.

If the child has a frail constitution and cannot tolerate purgatives, use the navel-moxibustion/warming method (Yun Qi Fa) or bile enema (Dan Dao Fa); defecation will then be facilitated.

If these methods fail to relieve the obstruction, and symptoms such as abdominal distension, panting, excessive crying, restlessness, upward deviation of the eyes, and cold extremities appear, the condition is incurable.

Regarding urinary obstruction, there are two types: Yin obstruction and Yang obstruction. Yin obstruction occurs when cold-dampness invades the interior due to deficiency, causing blockage. This can be treated by taking Nanmuxiang (Aquilaria Agallocha Wood) powder mixed with Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Poria Decoction), administered on an empty stomach with salt water. Externally, applying hot roasted salt to the navel will facilitate urination. Yang obstruction is caused by sudden intense heat forcing fluids, resulting in scanty and difficult urination. For mild cases, treat with Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Poria Decoction) added with Cheqianzi (Plantago Seed), using Dengxincao (Juncus Effusus) decoction. For severe cases, use Mutong San (Akebia Decoction) and apply the navel-warming method externally to facilitate urination.

The symptom of dribbling and painful urination (Lin syndrome) arises because the Small Intestine is the fu-organ responsible for receiving and containing, its qi connecting with the Bladder. The Bladder is the storage organ for body fluids, its qi connecting with the Kidney. When pathogenic heat enters the Small Intestine and affects the Bladder, it consumes Kidney yin/fluids, causing the water passages to become obstructed and ineffective, thus leading to painful and difficult urination. First, clear the heat using Bazheng San (Eight-Herb Corrective Decoction), then regulate with Xiangxiong Wan. The treatment principle remains the same regardless of the specific type of Lin syndrome.

Hematuria indicates extreme heat. Since the Heart governs blood and corresponds to the Small Intestine, excessive heat causes blood to deviate from its normal course and渗 (seep) into the Bladder (Pao), resulting in blood in the urine. Treat with Daochi San (Guide Out Redness Decoction) added with Puhuang (Typha Pollen), taken on an empty stomach with Dengxincao (Juncus Effusus) decoction.

White turbid urine, which appears slightly red initially but becomes clear and white like rice wash water after standing, results from improper breastfeeding or feeding damaging the Spleen, leading to a failure in separating the clear from the turbid. If prolonged, this may develop into Gan disease (malnutrition/infantile malaise). Treat primarily with Fenqing Yin (Separate Clear Decoction).

Ancestral prescription for white urine: For urine resembling rice wash water, administer Weiling Wan (Gastrodia and Atractylodes Pill) with warm salt water.

Urinary incontinence occurs when both the Kidney and Bladder are deficient, allowing cold qi to invade, resulting in an inability to control urine release, termed Yi Niao (bedwetting/enuresis). Nocturnal enuresis is specifically called Niao Chuang. Treat both with Jichang San (Chicken Gizzard Lining Decoction), followed by regulation with Dihuang Wan (Rehmannia Pill).

Obstruction of both urination and defecation can stem from deficiency or heat. Deficiency involves insufficient body fluids, leading to dryness and constipation in the Large Intestine. Administer Tongyou Tang (Unblock the Abyss Decoction) internally; for severe cases, use enema methods. Heat patterns involve accumulated heat in the zang-fu organs and dry feces within. Abdominal pain and thirst are likely present. Administer Sanhuang Wan (Three-Yellow Pill) internally and use enema methods externally.

Blood in the stool indicates accumulated heat in the Large Intestine. This results from indulging in alcohol, wheat products, and roasted/hot foods, causing heat to flow into the Heart and Lung meridians. Blood heat forces reckless movement, seeping into the intestines, causing hematochezia. If chronic, it may become Zang Du (visceral toxin) with intermittent bleeding. Treat primarily with Huanglian Wan (Coptis Pill).

For infants within seven days of birth, blood in urine or stool indicates Tai Du (fetal toxin). Do not use other medicines; instead, extract fresh juice from Sheng Dihuang (Raw Rehmannia Root), mix with a little honey, and administer warm; it will heal spontaneously.

For infants beyond the first month, blood in urine or stool indicates accumulated heat in the Heart and Lung meridians. Heat accumulating in the Heart causes hematuria; heat accumulating in the Lung causes hematochezia. Treat primarily with Sanhuang Jiedu Tang (Three-Yellow Detoxifying Decoction).

If an infant experiences blood in urine or stool during the eruption of chickenpox/smallpox, this indicates internal attack by heat-toxin, destruction of the zang-fu organs, representing a critical and difficult-to-save condition.

For infants who experience persistent bleeding after defecation regularly, this is named Ye Ji Li (Wild Pheasant Dysentery). Treat primarily with Diyue Wan (Sanguisorba Pill).