Library

[Background Information]
Book Title: Zhongguo Yiji Kao (Records of Chinese Medical Texts)
Author: Tanba Yuin (Danbo Yuanyin)
Chapter: Zhenfa (II) (1/2)
Category: Medical Discourse

[Wang Shi (Wang Shuhe) Xia'er Maijue (Pediatric Pulse Manual)] Extant copies are lost.
Zeng Shirong stated: During the Xuanhe era, Imperial Physician Dai Kechen, while serving in the Hanlin Academy, obtained Wang Shuhe's *Xia'er Maijue* (Pediatric Pulse Manual). There were two printed editions. One stated: "In one respiration, count six pulses." The other stated: "In one respiration, count eight pulses." He then consulted with Gao Shi from Neitai to examine the character meanings and pulse counts. Upon examining a five-year-old child, they determined that the normal pulse is six beats per respiration, not eight. This error likely originated during the woodblock printing process, where a dot and stroke above the character "six" (六) were mistakenly omitted, making it resemble "eight" (八), leading to this transmission error. It is akin to the mistake of writing "fifty" instead of the correct number when studying the *I Ching*. I have previously examined Zhang Shi's *Maijue* by Mo'an, which also states: "The normal pediatric pulse is only two beats more than the adult pulse per respiration, which is six." Clearly, there are six beats in one inhalation and exhalation. Otherwise, let future scholars verify this. (From *Huoyou Xinshu*)

[Huangfu Shi (Huangfu Mi) Maijue (Pulse Manual)] Extant copies are lost.
Note: Mentioned above in Yang Xuancui's commentary on the *Nan Jing* (Classic of Difficult Issues).

[Qin Shi (Qin Chengzu) Maijing (Pulse Classic)] Six volumes recorded in Sui dynasty bibliographies. Extant copies are lost.
[Kang Shi (Kang Pus) Maijing (Pulse Classic)] Ten volumes recorded in Sui dynasty bibliographies. Extant copies are lost.
[Xu Shi (Anonymous) Maijing (Pulse Classic)] Two volumes recorded in Sui dynasty bibliographies. Extant copies are lost.
[Xinzhuan Maijing Jue (Newly Compiled Pulse Manual Excerpts)] (Recorded as *Maijing Jue* in *Jiu Tangzhi*). Two volumes recorded in Sui dynasty bibliographies (three volumes in *Jiu Tangzhi*). Extant copies are lost.
[Xu Shi (Xu Jianwu) Maijing Chao (Excerpts from Pulse Classic)] Two volumes recorded in Sui dynasty bibliographies. Extant copies are lost.
[Wang Shi (Wang Zi ) Maijing (Pulse Classic)] Two volumes recorded in *Xin Tangzhi*. Extant copies are lost.
[Zhen Shi (Zhen Quan) Maijing (Pulse Classic)] One volume recorded in *Xin Tangzhi*. Extant copies are lost.
[Maijue Fu (Ode to Pulse Excerpts)] One volume recorded in *Yiwen Lue*. Extant copies are lost.
[Wangming Shi Maijing (Pulse Classic by Anonymous Author)] Ten volumes. Ten volumes recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Maijing (Pulse Classic)] One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
*Chongwen Zongmu* states: Anonymous miscellaneous discussions on pulse excerpts.
[Li Shi (Li ) Maijing (Pulse Classic)] One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Wangming Shi Maijing Juelu (Record of Pulse Manual Excerpts by Anonymous Author)] One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
Qian Tong stated: *Tongzhi Lue* records one volume of *Maijing Milu* (Secret Record of Pulse Classic), without listing the author. It is suspected to be this book.
[Huang Shi (Anonymous) Maijue (Pulse Excerpts)] One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Wangming Shi Jinjian Ji Ge (Collection of Songs from Golden Mirror by Anonymous Author)] One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Wei Shi (Wei Chong) Yimen Jinbao Jian (Golden Mirror of the Medical Gate)] Three volumes recorded in *Xin Tangzhi* (one volume in *Chongwen Zongmu*). Extant copies are lost.
Zhao Xibian stated: Written by Wei Song. Wei Song rose to the position of Hanlin Doctor. *Chongwen Zongmu* says: The dynasty of the author is unknown. It discusses the subtle principles of pulse signs and their verification.
[Wangming Shi Fengsui Maijing Jiayao (Essentials of Phoenix Marrow Pulse Classic by Anonymous Author)] Five volumes recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Yijian (Medical Mirror)] One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Zhang Shi (Zhang Ji) Maijing Shoujue (Hand Excerpts from Pulse Classic by Zhang)] One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*.
Song dynasty bibliography states: Annotated by Wang Shan.
[Wangming Shi Baihui Yaojue Maijing (Pulse Classic of Essential Excerpts from Baihui by Anonymous Author)] One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Suijin Maijue (Broken Gold Pulse Excerpts)] One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Yanling Zhibao Zhenmai Ding Shengsi Sanbu Yaojue (Essential Excerpts of Three Regions for Determining Life and Death by Pulse from Yanling Precious Treasure)] (In *Yiwen Lue*, 'Ling' is written as 'Ling'). One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Zhang Shi (Zhang Shangrong) Yanling Chao (Excerpts from Yanling)] In *Yiwen Lue*, titled *Yanling Baochao*. In Song bibliography, titled *Yanling Zhibao Chao*. One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Taiyi Mijue Zhenmai Hou Shengsi (Secret Secrets of Imperial Physicians for Diagnosing Life and Death by Pulse)] (Old version: 'Hou' written as 'Si'. Revised here according to *Yiwen Lue*). One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Xu Shi (Xu Yi) Zhijue (Finger Excerpts)] (In *Yiwen Lue*, titled *Zhixia Jue*. In Song bibliography, titled *Xu Shi Huangdi Maijing Zhixia Mijue*). One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Maijue (Pulse Excerpts)] Two volumes recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Qin Shi (Qin Yanhao) Xinji Maise Yaojue (Essential Excerpts of New Collection of Pulse and Color)] (In *Yiwen Lue*, written as Tan Yanhao). One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Wangming Shi Jingyao Ji (Collection of Essential Classics by Anonymous Author)] (In *Yiwen Lue*, titled *Zijingyao Ji*). One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Wu Shi (Wu Fugui) Jin Gui Zhiwei Jue (Excerpts on Subtle Meanings of the Golden Cabinet)] One volume recorded in *Chongwen Zongmu*. Extant copies are lost.
[Qipo Maijing (Pulse Classic of Jivaka)] One volume recorded in *Yiwen Lue*. Extant copies are lost.
[Han Shi (Anonymous) Maijue (Pulse Excerpts)] One volume recorded in *Yiwen Lue*. Extant copies are lost.
[Maijing (Pulse Classic)] One volume recorded in Song bibliography. Extant copies are lost.
[Sunzi (Anonymous) Maicheng (Discussion on Pulse by Grandson Sun)] One volume recorded in *Yiwen Lue*. Extant copies are lost.
[Maijue Lun (Discussion on Pulse Excerpts)] One volume recorded in *Yiwen Lue*. Extant copies are lost.
[Tang Shi (Tang Qiangming) Zhenmai Yaojue (Essential Excerpts for Diagnosing Pulse by Tang)] One volume recorded in *Yiwen Lue*. Extant copies are lost.
[Wangming Shi Zhenmai Huiyao (Essential Compilation for Diagnosing Pulse by Anonymous Author)] One volume recorded in *Yiwen Lue*. Extant copies are lost.
[Zhinan Tu (Diagram of Difficulty in Finger Diagnosis)] One volume recorded in *Yiwen Lue*. Extant copies are lost.
[Li Shi (Li Shangjiao) Chai Xiansheng Maijue (Pulse Excerpts of Master Chai by Li)] One volume recorded in *Yiwen Lue*. Extant copies are lost.
[Hua Shi (Hua Zi ) Xiangse Jingjue (Classic Excerpts on Complexion by Hua)] One volume recorded in *Yiwen Lue*. Extant copies are lost.
[Wangming Shi Maizheng Koujue (Mnemonic Excerpts of Pulse and Symptoms by Anonymous Author)] One volume recorded in *Yiwen Lue*. Extant copies are lost.
[Qingxizi Maijue (Pulse Excerpts of Qingxi Zi)] One volume recorded in *Yiwen Lue*. Extant copies are lost.
[Dushi (Du Guangting) Lezheng Ge (Song of Resolving Signs)] One volume. Not seen.
Qian Zeng stated: Du Guangting carefully based his work on the *Nan Jing*, deriving the *Lezheng Ge* to determine life and death. Gao Shi of the Song Dynasty annotated it. Wu Jie of Dongyue provided supplementary annotations. Regarding pulse theory, he can be said to have explored profound meanings with precision.
The *Siku Quanshu Tiyao* (Summary of the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries) states: Du Tianshi's *Lezheng Ge*, one volume. Old titles attribute it to Du Guangting of the Tang Dynasty. Du Guangting, courtesy name Shengbin, later styled himself Dongying Zi, was from Kuocang. He failed the Baipian examination, became a Daoist priest at Mount Tiantai, was summoned by Emperor Xizong during his flight to Shu, granted purple robes, and appointed as an official poet at Linde Hall. When Wang Jian occupied Shu, he was granted the title Guangcheng Xiansheng, appointed Censor-in-Chief, and promoted to Vice Minister of Revenue. He retired to Mount Qingcheng. The book titles him Tianshi; according to Tao Yue's *Wudai Shibu*, this title was used during Wang Jian's time. Examining Du Guangting's works, they mostly contain supernatural tales; he was not known for medicine. This book is likely a forgery, and its language does not resemble that of the late Tang or Five Dynasties period. Qian Zeng's *Dushu Minqiu Ji* believed it was genuinely by Guangting, which shows a lack of discrimination. The annotations claim they were made by Gao Shi and Wu Shi but do not name them. Attached are thirty chapters of *Chi Mai Beiyao Lun* (Discourse on Essentials for Holding the Pulse), whose author is unknown. It frequently cites Wang Shuhe's *Maijue*, yet seems unaware that Shuhe wrote the *Maijing*, suggesting the annotator lived after the Northern Song Dynasty.
[Cui Shi (Cui Jiayan) Zhu Guangcheng Xiansheng Yukan Jing (Commentary on Guangcheng Xiansheng's Jade Container Classic)] Three volumes. Extant.
[Lishi (Li Minshou) Guangcheng Xiansheng Yukan Jingjie (Explanation of Guangcheng Xiansheng's Jade Container Classic by Li)] Three volumes. Extant.
[Zhilugu Maijue (Pulse Excerpts of Zhilugu)] Extant copies are lost.
Note: Mentioned above in the biography in *Liao Shi*.
[Xiao Shi (Xiao Shiji) Maicui (Essence of Pulse)] One volume recorded in *Dushu Houzhi*. Extant copies are lost.
Zhao Xibian stated: Written by Xiao Shiji of the Song Dynasty. Xiao Shiji had read the *Suwen* and various medical classics through history, finding them difficult to understand. Therefore, he compiled them into one collection, prefaced by Yao Yi during the Zhiping era.
[Liu Shi (Liu Yuanbin) Maiyao Xin Kuo (New Expansion of Pulse Essentials)] (In *Guoshi Jingzhizhi*, titled *Maiyao Mi Kuo*). Two volumes recorded in Song bibliography. Extant.
Autobiographical Preface states: I once annotated Wang Shuhe's *Maijue*. The songs following the Five Zang organs, such as "Ge Yue," and the instructional phrases, contained vulgar language and illogical text in several places. I suspected these were not by Shuhe but added by later generations. I intended to remove the incongruent parts and supplement them with my own compositions, hoping to align with the original intent of Qibo, Huangdi's *Neijing*, and Yue Ren's *Nan Jing*. However, due to procrastination, I did not complete it. Someone said to me, "You have transmitted sixty chapters of *Shanghan Kuoyao* to the world, greatly opening the eyes of physicians. Why not select practical medical books, compile them, and present them? Would that not be beautiful?" Hearing his words, I felt it resonated with my heart. Thus, in my leisure, I composed a hundred poems and provided footnotes below. Although the language is colloquial, the principles are comprehensive. For students, reading it is like holding the main outline, allowing all details to unfold. This achieves both benefits. I named it *Buzhu Maiyao Mi Kuo*. Readers may not blame me. Try comparing Shuhe's pulse methods with this; they complement each other like the tones of xun and di flutes, illuminating each other. Is this not a small benefit to medicine? Lu Ling Tongzhen Zi wrote the preface in the ninth year of Xining, Song Dynasty.
Chen Zhen Sun stated: *Maiyao Xin Kuo*, one volume, written by Tongzhen Zi. Because Shuhe's *Maijue* had vulgar parts, he suspected it was not by Shuhe due to its incongruence. He thus composed a hundred songs, annotating the classics. He also claimed to have written sixty chapters of *Shanghan Kuoyao*, but I have not seen this book.
[Maishu Xunjie (Explanation of Pulse Books)] Three volumes. Not seen.
Dansheng Tang Shumu states: Written by Liu Yuanbin of the Song Dynasty. Explained by Liu Yude of the Ming Dynasty.
[Xu Shi (Xu Shuwei) Zhongjing Sanshiliuzhong Maifa Tu (Diagrams of Zhongjing's Thirty-Six Pulse Methods)] Extant copies are lost.
Xu Shuwei stated: Generally, Zhongjing's pulse methods differ between discussing *Shanghan* (Cold Damage) and miscellaneous diseases. Therefore, I once compiled Zhongjing's Thirty-Six Pulse Methods. (From *Baizheng Ge Zhu*)
He also stated: I once compiled the diagrams for Zhongjing's Thirty-Six Pulse Methods. Thus, knowing that treating *Shanghan* should be based on Zhongjing's pulse methods. (From *Fawei Lun*)
[Zhuang Shi (Zhuang Chuo) Maifa Yaolüe (Brief Essentials of Pulse Methods by Zhuang)] Extant copies are lost.
Note: Mentioned above in *Youyou Xinshu*.
[Cui Shi (Cui Jiayan) Maijue (Pulse Excerpts by Cui)] One volume recorded in *Guoshi Jingzhizhi*. Extant.
Cui Jiayan stated: Pulse is the qi of natural harmony and gentleness. Wang Shuhe of the Jin Dynasty classified floating, knotted, slippery, solid, string-taut, tight, and full as the Seven Tables; micro, deep, slow, choppy, delayed, hidden, soft, and weak as the Eight Inner Regions. These determine a person's yin and yang and decide life and death. However, the text is complex, and later learners cannot understand it. Generally, the way to hold the pulse cannot be transmitted by words alone nor depicted by diagrams. Its essence focuses on floating, deep, slow, and rapid. Wind, cold, and heat govern diseases. For example, floating with strength indicates wind; floating without strength indicates deficiency; deep with strength indicates accumulation; deep without strength indicates qi stagnation; delayed with strength indicates pain; delayed without strength indicates cold; rapid with strength indicates heat; rapid without strength indicates sores. Further observe the three regions (Cun, Guan, Chi). Where is it obtained? For instance, the Cun region belongs to the Upper Jiao, governing diseases of the head, face, chest, and diaphragm; the Guan region belongs to the Middle Jiao, governing diseases of the abdomen and intestines/stomach; the Chi region belongs to the Lower Jiao, governing diseases of the lower abdomen, waist, and feet. Further observe which Zang organ is affected. The same applies to the Six Fu organs. Students should comprehend this mentally and distinguish it precisely, avoiding criticism for pushing the Chi based on the Cun.
Qian Zeng stated: *Zixu Maijue*, one volume. The sentences are like those in *Mengqiu*, intended to make it easy for novice physicians to understand.
The *Siku Quanshu Tiyao* states: Cui Zhenren's *Maijue*, one volume. Old titles attribute it to Zixu Zhenren. Edited and reviewed by Li Guo of Dongyuan. Research shows Zixu Zhenren was the Song Daoist Cui Jiayan. Tao Zongyi's *Chuo Geng Lu* mentions Cui Zixu, hermit Jiayan of Nankang during the Chunxi era of the Song Dynasty. Because the *Nan Jing* in Chapter 6 specifically discusses floating and deep, and Chapter 9 specifically discusses slow and rapid, he used these as the core to unify the Seven Tables and Eight Inner Regions, summarizing all diseases. This is this book. It was not recorded in bibliographies from the Song Dynasty onwards. Jiao Hong's *Guoshi Jingzhizhi* first listed it. It was taken as the preface to the Ten Books of Dongyuan. Li Shizhen already included it in *Binhu Maixue*. Whether the marginal comments truly come from Li Guo cannot be verified.
Note: This book is collected in *Yitong Zhengmai* within the Ten Books of Dongyuan, containing only the rhythmic verses. The full text has never been known to the world. The secret treasury holds a Ming manuscript of *Youyou Xinshu*, which appends five pulse books. The first is Cui's original book, titled *Zixu Zhenren Maijue Mizhi*. I record the title here for correction.
[Liu Shi (Liu Kai) Maijue (Pulse Excerpts by Liu)] One volume recorded in *Guoshi Jingzhizhi*. Extant copies are lost.
Nankang Fuzhi states: Liu Kai, courtesy name Lizhi, studied Buddhist and Daoist teachings. He often traveled to Mount Lu, met a strange person, and was taught Taisu Pulse to circulate in the world. The Yuan Emperor summoned him to the capital, granting him the title Fuzhen Xiansheng. He died and was buried at Xigu Mountain. He authored *Fangmai Juyao*.
Note: Liu Kai was a Southern Song person. It is unclear why the local gazetteer considered him a Yuan person. The claim of being summoned to the capital and granted a title lacks evidence.
[Maijue Li Xuan Mi Yao (Secret Essentials of Pulse Excerpts and Profound Principles)] One volume recorded in *Guoshi Jingzhizhi*. Extant.
Postscript states: Kai, a wild man of Mount Lu, hides in the mountains, useless to the world. With shallow knowledge and little hearing, my words are vulgar and clumsy, unworthy of being a teacher. Following my master's instructions, I expose my heart and liver to create pulse excerpts, guiding disciples on the path of learning. As for deepening one's source and thoroughly investigating subtle meanings, I look up to senior masters. On the Shangsi day of the fifth year of Jiaxi, the junior learner Liu Kai recorded this.
[Wang Shi (Wang Yuanbiao) Zixu Maijue Qiwei (Unveiling Subtleties of Zixu Pulse Excerpts by Wang)] Not seen.
Jiangning Fuzhi states: Wang Yuanbiao, courtesy name Chixia, from Shangyuan. Descendant of Song Wengan Gong Yaochen. Studied Confucianism in youth, mastered various books including *Suwen* and *Nan Jing*, and became famous as a physician. During the great plague in the Jimao year of Chongzhen, Wang carried his medicine bag to poor families, diagnosed and treated them, saving many lives. At the end of the Jiashen year, the Grand Secretary recommended him as Vice Director of the Imperial Medical Bureau, but Wang refused, fled to Chishan, found the old residence of Ge Zhichuan, and built a house there. He authored *Zixu Maijue Qiwei* and *Yiyao Zhengyan*, but died before completing the latter.
[Cai Shi (Cai Yuanding) Maijing (Pulse Classic)] One volume. Extant.
Postscript states: Yuanding was exiled to Chunling, near Western Guangxi. The weather suddenly changed from cold to hot, experiencing all four seasons in one day. His chronic illnesses worsened daily. Therefore, he took the *Neijing*, *Nan Jing*, and pulse books by Zhang Zhongjing, Wang Shuhe, Sun Simiao, and others to read. Finding them chaotic and disordered, he organized them into sections and sequences, creating one book for easier viewing. The recently circulated Shuhe *Maijue* seemed absurd and vulgar in past years, leading me to suspect it was not by Shuhe. Recently, seeing *San Yin Fang*, which explicitly states it was written by Gao Yangsheng, I am confident in this knowledge. Modern physicians know nothing beyond the *Maijue* and try to decide life and death based on personal opinion. How can we not blame their absurdity? I publish this book here to let students know the *Maijue* is fake.
[Shi Shi (Shi Fa) Chabing Zhinan (Guide to Observing Diseases by Shi)] Three volumes. Extant.
Autobiographical Preface states: The study of medicine has no explanation beyond the Divine, Sacred, Skillful, and Ingenious. Nowadays, people often neglect three of these and focus on one. What is this one? Palpating to know is called Skillful. But have people ever truly seen what is meant by Skillful? They merely steal this name to deceive the world. Occasionally, some take it upon themselves to save lives, but suffer from the oppression of physicians and confusion from diverse opinions, lacking a standard. They often grasp the coarse but miss the refined. Since my youth, I have been interested in this, often studying it alongside civil service exams. Approaching fifty, I declined further examinations, discarded the burdens of academic pursuits, and devoted myself entirely to medicine. I took the *Ling Shu*, *Su Wen*, *Tai Su*, *Jia Yi*, *Nan Jing*, and various medical formula and pulse books, cross-referencing and observing them, seeking clear and understandable explanations that I had tested and verified. I categorized them and compiled them into a collection named *Chabing Zhinan*. Among them, determining the normal pulse of the Six Zang organs across four seasons, and the diseases governed by the Seven Tables and Eight Inner Regions appearing in the three regions of both hands, are based on the legacy theories of sages, expanded and supplemented by me. For other matters not clearly stated, I added my own interpretations to elucidate them. I intend to leave this to my descendants, not daring to seek recognition from others. In recent years, plagues have prevailed. Patients unfortunate enough to call a doctor often see those with Yang conditions taking cinnabar and aconite, dying prematurely. Is it not just ignorance of pulse, but also of symptoms? Alas, how tragic! Some, failing to observe, say, "I rely on luck in medicine." Why bother asking if their learning is refined? Little do they know that relying on luck to practice medicine, even if occasionally successful, causes much loss. Seeking perfection in every case is difficult. This is why I dare not keep this to myself and wish to print it to spread its transmission, hoping to share it with like-minded individuals. On the fourth day after Start of Winter in the ninth month, following the change of era name Chun [Yuancheng], Shifa Zhengqing of Yongjia wrote the preface.
Zhao Chonghe's preface states: Many can cure people. Few can enable everyone to cure people.
Using medicine to cure people is limited; using medicine to teach people is infinite. Shiguitang's *Chabing Zheng* has a book called *Zhinan*. His research on Materia Medica has a book called *Bianyi*. Continuing *Yijian*, he has formulas and discussions. Shiguitang's heart is to make everyone know of this book, these formulas, and these discussions. Not only can he cure people himself, but he wants everyone to be able to cure people. Looking at mediocre people who claim secret recipes or family-prescribed formulas, hoarding them out of petty selfishness and refusing to show them to others, the breadth or narrowness of their hearts is visible. In the middle ten days of the first month of Bingwu, Chun [Yuancheng], Danzhai Zhao Chonghe wrote this.
[Yang Shi (Yang Shiyng) Maijue (Pulse Excerpts by Yang)] One volume. Not seen.
Min Shu states: Yang Shiyng, courtesy name Dengfu, formerly from Huai'an. Proficient in medicine, he authored *Huoren Zongkuo*, *Yixue Zhenjing*, and *Yizhi Fanglun*, which circulated in the world.
Note: Mentioned above in *Yeshiyuan Shumu*.
[Chamai Zongkuo (General Summary of Pulse Observation)] One volume. Extant.
[Lishi (Li Minshou) Jueming Jingyao (Essentials for Deciding Pulse by Li)] One volume. Extant.
[Li Shi (Li ) Maige (Pulse Songs by Li)] Not seen.
Note: Mentioned above in *Jiangyun Lou Shumu*.
[Maisui (Marrow of Pulse)] Not seen.
Note: Mentioned above in *Binhu Maixue*.
[Li Shi (Li Guo) Maijue Zhizhang Bingshi Tushuo (Illustrated Explanation of Pulse Excerpts, Palm Diagrams, and Disease Forms by Li)] One volume. Extant.
Note: This book is collected in *Yitong Zhengmai*, titled as written by Danyu Xiansheng Zhu Zhenheng, courtesy name Yanxiu. However, its "Complete Diagram of Six Qi" states: "I witnessed since the first rebellion in the Renchen year, many among the people suffering from dryness-heat, presenting with fever, phlegm obstruction, cough. Furthermore, physicians, failing to recognize changing times, administered Pinellia and Arisaema, increasing dryness-heat. Consequently, patients suffered from hemoptysis, surging phlegm-saliva, continuous spitting, and many died with dried-up muscles. Normal people showed no pulse in both Cun positions, while the Chi pulses extended halfway up the arm. I discussed internal and external injuries comprehensively. I therefore suspect this book was not written by Zhu Zhenheng. I read the preface to Li Mingzhi's *Neiwaishang Bian*, which states: 'My book was completed, but due to landscape changes, I suddenly aged, and it was shelved for sixteen years. Later, it was praised by Master Fan Kunlun, and I finished it. This was in the Dingwei year.' Checking the Dingwei year, it is the third year of Emperor Dingzong of Yuan. Tracing back sixteen years leads to the first year of Tianxing of Emperor Aizong of Jin, which is the Renchen year. Thus, his statement matches the text in the book regarding 'since the first rebellion in Renchen.' Also, *Neiwaishang Bian* states: 'Renchen marked the change of era name. The capital was under strict guard. Until late March, we were under siege for half a month. After the siege was lifted, not one in ten thousand of the capital's inhabitants escaped illness. Those who fell ill died continuously.' This evidence is solid. Thus, this book actually comes from Li Mingzhi. The swapping of authors is likely due to Ming dynasty booksellers. Wu Mianxue published it in *Zhengmai* without correcting it, showing extreme negligence. The 'Diagram of Yin-Yang Guan-Ge' in the book quotes Danyu Xiansheng saying: 'Yin invading Yang causes aversion to cold; Yang invading Yin causes fever.' This is also interpolated by reckless persons and should be erased."
[Zhang Shi (Zhang Bi) Maitan (Discussion on Pulse by Zhang)] Extant copies are lost.
Xu Chunfu stated: Zhang Bi, son of Yuan Su, inherited his father's profession, styled Yunqi Zi, and was famous in his time. His *Maitan* circulated in the world. (*Yitong*)
[Yan Shi (Yan Sandian) Fa Cuo Yao (Essential Excerpts of Pulse Methods by Yan)] One volume. Extant.
Zhou Mi stated: In recent times, there was a skilled physician in Jiangxi named Yan Sandian. By placing three fingers, he knew which of the six pulses were diseased. The world considered this miraculous, and he gained fame because of it. I note that the method of diagnosing pulse requires regulating one's own breath first, to measure another's breath. Forty-five movements constitute one respiration. Any excess or deficit is a pathological pulse. Hence, there are methods of two defeats, three delays, four levels, six speeds, seven extremes, eight escapes, and nine deaths. Therefore, observing pulse certainly cannot be done hastily, let alone within the span of three finger points. I dare not agree with this. Some say he has other techniques for observing form and complexion, merely using this to mystify his art, which is not primarily about pulse. (*Qidong Yeyu*)
[Zhang Shi (Zhang Daozhong) Xuanbai Zi Xiyuan Zhengpai Maijue (Pulse Excerpts of the Orthodox Lineage of Xiyuan Zi Xuanbai by Zhang)] One volume. Extant.