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Macules (Ban) arise from wind-heat combined with phlegm, originating internally and manifesting externally. Treatment should refer to Tongsheng San (Total Salvation Powder), aiming to resolve the pathogen through mild sweating; purgation must strictly be avoided. Macules caused by internal injury result from deficiency of Stomach Qi, causing fire to wander to the exterior. The treatment should tonify and guide fire downward; consult *Yin Zheng Lue Li* (Brief Examples of Yin Syndromes) for details. Yin syndrome macules are essentially internal injury syndromes; if the condition worsens after sweating or purging, use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction). If the patient drinks ice water and experiences restlessness, confusion, rapid pulse, and cold feet, add Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root). For macules caused by excessive Stomach heat due to delayed purgation, or premature purgation, detailed explanations are found in *Bacui Fang*. Applying Cucumber Juice mixed with Zhen Fulonggan (True Dragon Liver Soil/Caulinis Cinis) can dispel wind-heat and red macular spots. A case involved a patient with macules, flushed face, coma, delirium, and a flooding yet empty pulse that felt weak upon pressure. He was treated with Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix) each 1.5 g, Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root) 0.3 g, and Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) 0.45 g, decocted and administered. It did not cause severe diarrhea and was effective when used in summer.

Papules (Zhen) are caused by heat and phlegm lodged in the Lung. Treatment should clear Lung fire and descend phlegm, or resolve via sweating. There are cases where purgation is applicable, using modified Tongsheng San.

Big Head Plague (Datou Tianxing Bing) involves dampness located at the highest point of the body, manifesting as hot swelling on both cheeks and jaws, commonly known as "Lu Wen" (Stork Warmth). Dongyuan (Li Dongyuan) has a prescription consisting of Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Jiuhuangqin (Scutellariae Radix processed with wine), and Jiuzheng Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma steamed with wine), adjusted according to the disease; do not use descending medications. On the fifteenth or sixteenth day, administer Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction). If ineffective, continue with dispersing agents such as Zisu (Perillae Folium) and Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), which show efficacy. Dongyuan stated: When Yangming pathogenic heat is excessive, it nourishes and strengthens Shaoyang Ministerial Fire to cause this condition. Observe which part of the swelling corresponds to which meridian and treat accordingly. Treatment should be gentle; avoid heavy doses that might overshoot the pathological site. Yangming is the origin of the pathogen with significant swelling; Shaoyang is the root, affecting the area around the ears. Use Jiuhuangqin (Scutellariae Radix processed with wine), Jiuhuanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma processed with wine), and Zhigancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma prepared with honey), decocted in water, taken frequently in small amounts. If this dose is finished, stir-fry Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus) until fragrant on a new tile, decoct with Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), strain, and add equal parts of Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas). Sip frequently, ensuring no food intake follows immediately. Once slight diarrhea occurs and the pathogen is expelled, continue only with the previous medicine; if symptoms persist, repeat the sequence until the stool expels the pathogen. For Yangming thirst, add Huashi (Talcum) and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum); for Shaoyang thirst, add Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix). For pathogen in the Yangming channel, add Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma); for pathogen in the Taiyang channel, add Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica), and Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), combining them with the aforementioned medicines.