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Taiyang disease with aversion to wind. How is this explained? The *Huangdi Zhenjing* (Yellow Emperor's Classic of Acupuncture) states: Wei Qi (Defensive Qi), which warms the muscles, fills the skin, plumps the interstices (pores and tissue spaces), and controls the opening and closing of the pores, is responsible for these functions. When Wind Evil invades the Wei Qi, aversion to wind inevitably occurs. Why? Because Wind damages Wei Qi, while Cold damages Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi). When invaded by Wind Evil, the muscles fail to receive warmth and become cold, accompanied by heat; the hair and skin lose their fullness and become lax; the interstices lose their plumpness, becoming loose and not dense; the control over the opening and closing of the pores fails, leading to leakage and inability to secure fluids. Thus, aversion to wind arises. Both aversion to wind and aversion to cold are exterior syndromes. However, aversion to wind is milder than aversion to cold. Aversion to cold refers to shivering and an increasing sensation of cold. Even without exposure to wind, one naturally feels cold. Aversion to wind means that while staying in a sealed room or within curtains, one feels relaxed and unafraid; but once using a fan or facing the wind, one feels a chilling sensation like rain and wind and dislikes it; this is aversion to wind. Aversion to cold can belong to Yang syndromes or Yin syndromes; however, aversion to wind belongs entirely to Yang syndromes, unlike aversion to cold which has both Yin and Yang aspects. This is why Taiyin, Shaoyin, and Jueyin syndromes (the Three Yin diseases) do not present with aversion to wind. Although aversion to wind always occurs in exterior syndromes, the dispersing methods differ. If there is no sweating and aversion to wind, it is Taiyang Cold Damage (Exterior Excess Cold Syndrome without sweating), and diaphoresis (sweating therapy) should be used. If there is sweating and aversion to wind, it is Taiyang Wind Strike (Exterior Deficiency Syndrome with disharmony of Ying and Wei), and muscle-releasing therapy should be used. Even if interior syndromes are present, if aversion to wind has not ceased, the exterior must be resolved first. Additionally, excessive sweating leading to Yang collapse (extreme depletion of Yang Qi) and Bi syndrome caused by Wind-Dampness both present with aversion to wind. This is because excessive sweating causes continuous dripping, leading to Yang collapse and insecure exterior defense, resulting in aversion to wind. Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Aconite Root) must be used to warm the meridians and secure the Wei Qi. In cases where Wind and Dampness struggle against each other, causing painful and vexed joints, with dampness predominance leading to spontaneous sweating and loose interstices, aversion to wind occurs. Gancao Fuzi Tang (Licorice Root and Aconite Root Decoction) must be used to dissipate dampness and strengthen the Wei Qi. From this, it can be known that aversion to wind belongs to disorders of the Wei Qi.

Taiyang disease with chills and fever. How is this explained? Here, "chills and fever" refers to alternating chills and fever (alternating sensations of cold and heat). The classics state: When pathogenic factors and healthy Qi struggle, alternating chills and fever occur. This means that when pathogenic factors invade, if healthy Qi does not struggle against them, only fever will occur without chills. The reason for having both fever and chills is that healthy Qi struggles with pathogenic factors, thus generating alternating chills and fever. During the struggle, Qi stagnates and cannot diffuse outward, leading to the contention of cold and heat. When the struggle is intense, Qi becomes agitated and transforms into heat, so after chills cease, fever arises. This is the mechanism of alternating chills and fever. Some say that chills and fever represent the struggle between Yin and Yang. Yang excess leads to heat, Yin excess leads to cold; this is the struggle of Yin and Yang. Why? Generally, cold belongs to Yin, and heat belongs to Yang; the interior belongs to Yin, and the exterior belongs to Yang. When pathogenic factors reside in the exterior and struggle with Yang, chills manifest; when they enter the interior and struggle with Yin, heat manifests; when they are in the half-exterior half-interior region, struggling outwardly with Yang causes chills, and struggling inwardly with Yin causes heat. Because the boundaries of exterior and interior are not fixed, and the positions of inside and outside are uncertain, with pathogenic factors moving in and out, the symptoms of chills and fever come and go alternately. Therefore, alternating chills and fever belong to half-exterior half-interior syndromes (typical of Shaoyang disease). If pathogenic factors are mostly in the exterior, chills predominate; if mostly in the interior, heat predominates; if half in the exterior and half in the interior, chills and heat are equal. Carefully examining the degree of chills and heat reveals the depth of the pathogenic factors. Xiao Chaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) specifically treats alternating chills and fever and establishes various modification formulas, also because the pathogenic factor is in the half-exterior half-interior, without a fixed location, coming and going irregularly. Furthermore, chills and fever resembling malaria, as well as simultaneous fever and aversion to cold, appear similar but are different. Malaria attacks have a regular timing; whereas alternating chills and fever have no fixed timing, occurring intermittently, sometimes three to five times a day, or even more than ten times in severe cases, which differs from malaria symptoms. As for simultaneous fever and aversion to cold (indicative of Taiyang Exterior Syndrome), it means that during fever, aversion to cold is not seen, and during aversion to cold, fever is not seen, unlike the pattern where chills cease then fever arises, or fever ceases then chills arise. Nevertheless, alternating chills and fever belong to half-exterior half-interior syndromes and should be treated with harmonizing methods. Additionally, in diseases progressing for more than ten days, with heat binding in the interior yet presenting with alternating chills and fever, Da Chaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) can be used for purging. This point must not be overlooked.