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Wind, cold, dampness, summerheat, dryness, and heat—these six qi (pathogenic factors) causing disease can all lead to fever. However, cold and heat are interrelated, and summerheat follows heat; only dryness and dampness are opposite in nature. Wind, cold, warmth, and summerheat are often caused by changes in the heavenly qi (weather), whereas dampness diseases are mostly due to earthly qi (damp environment), and dryness diseases are mostly due to internal factors such as fluid deficiency. This is the difference and similarity in etiology. In the Nineteen Pathomechanisms of the *Neijing* (*Huangdi Neijing*), among those attributed to the six qi, fire occupies two positions (Ministerial Fire and Sovereign Fire), while wind, cold, and dampness each occupy one, with no specific entry for dryness syndromes. If it is stated that "all stiffness of the neck and back belongs to dampness," I have previously suspected it should belong to dryness. Now, with the distinction between Gang Jing (Stiff Spasm) and Rou Jing (Soft Spasm) in this treatise, and the statement that excessive sweating in Taiyang disease leads to Jing, it is evident that Jing belongs to dryness. The term "Jing" is named after its symptoms, which arise from blood deficiency causing tendon tension. All six qi pathologies can cause Jing. However, without heat, there is no dryness; without dryness, Jing does not form. Jing diseases occur in all six meridians; one must examine the location to differentiate them. The posterior body belongs to the Taiyang meridian; thus, any stiffness and tightness of the head and neck, rigidity of the head and back, opisthotonos (spinal arching), waist pain as if broken, inability to flex the thighs, and contraction of the genitalia are its symptoms. The anterior body belongs to the Yangming meridian; thus, shaking of the head and neck, trismus (lockjaw), grinding of teeth, pain in the supraclavicular fossa, and leg cramps are its symptoms. The lateral body belongs to the Shaoyang meridian; thus, facial paralysis (deviation of mouth and eyes), traction of hands and feet, hypochondriac tension, and hemiplegia are its symptoms. If there is abdominal tension, or limb tension due to vomiting and diarrhea, this is Taiyin Jing. Aversion to cold, curling up to sleep, sitting on the buttocks instead of using heels, bending the spine forward instead of holding the head upright, and inability to extend the trunk backward indicate Shaoyin Jing. Retraction of the testes, sinking of the Zongjin (major tendons), urgency in the lower abdomen, pulling sensation in the yin region, and tension in the knees and shins indicate Jueyin Jing. If Jing is complicated by wind and cold, symptoms include fever, absence of sweating, aversion to cold, Qi rushing up to the chest, scanty urination, a firm and tight pulse, and rigid posture with lockjaw. This results from heavenly pathogens, consistent with the *Neijing* saying, "All sudden stiffness belongs to wind." Its momentum is fierce, hence called Gang Jing (Stiff Spasm). Since the pathogen comes from outside, one should dispel the external pathogen to resolve the exterior. If there is an internal pathogen combined with external invasion, the pathogen emerges from within, resulting in fever, sweating, absence of aversion to cold, a deep and slow pulse, and stiffness of the neck and back with rigidity of the head and back. This results from earthly pathogens, consistent with the *Neijing* saying, "All stiffness of the neck and back belongs to dampness." Its momentum is weaker, hence called Rou Jing (Soft Spasm). Since the etiology is internal, one should nourish Yin to harmonize the interior. Treating dampness with Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix) is not primarily to treat wind, but to generate fluids; not primarily to treat dampness, but to moisten dryness. At its onset, Jing is not a primary disease but is always mixed with other diseases. Physicians of the world often attribute it to wind, failing to understand the principle. Skilled physicians must examine and prevent it amidst other symptoms. For instance, stiffness and pain of the head and neck are an early sign of Jing, caused by Taiyang blood deficiency leading to tendon tension. Nowadays, people only consider wind and cold, neglecting body fluids; thus, excessive sweating frequently leads to Jing. Jing has its origins; improper treatment of even one stage will reveal bizarre forms. Stiffness and rigidity of the neck and back are signs of Jing, so Gegen (Puerariae Radix) is used. Generalized body stiffness indicates established Jing, so Gualougen is used. Inability to lie flat on the bed, leg cramps, and severe lockjaw with tooth grinding indicate extreme Jing, so Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) and Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas) are used. These are all agents rich in fluids to nourish Yin and blood; they cannot be treated like cases requiring diaphoresis or purgation. Observing Taiyang disease with floating pulse, spontaneous sweating, irritability, aversion to cold, and leg cramps indicates that Jing is developing; one must nourish Yin and preserve fluids, not treat it merely as Taiyang disease. Therefore, giving Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) would cause cold limbs, while Shaoyao Gancao Tang (Peony and Licorice Decoction) would relieve the leg cramps, which is clear evidence. However, since exterior symptoms remain, Chengqi formulas should not be used. If delirium occurs, a small dose of Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach and Order the Bowels Decoction) may be given, which shares the same mechanism as using Dachengqi Tang (Major Order the Bowels Decoction) for those unable to lie flat. Generally, Jing is rarely caused by external pathogens damaging tendons but mostly by blood deficiency causing tendon tension. If mistakenly treated as wind, using acrid-dispersing herbs to boost Yang will further deplete True Yin; using drying herbs to expel wind will further desiccate the blood. Thus, acute onset of Jing is rare, while that caused by mis-treatment is common. Deficiency without tonification leads to death; without herbs like Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Renchen (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), and Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata) to harmonize Ying and Wei, quick recovery is unlikely. The *Neijing* states: "All dampness, swelling, and fullness belong to the Spleen." It also says: "Excess dampness leads to loose stools." This refers to dampness injuring the interior. It also says: "Earthly dampness, when contracted, harms skin, flesh, sinews, and bones." And: "Due to dampness, the head feels wrapped." This refers to dampness injuring the exterior. If dampness combines with heat, large tendons shorten causing spasm, and small tendons relax causing flaccidity; this is a variation of Rou Jing. The Yangming chapter mentions yellowing due to damp-heat; Wang Shuhe did not discuss this separately but only selected Taiyang wind-damp transmission, missing several clauses, which is a lapse in compilation. The *Neijing* states: "The upper half of the body is struck by wind; the lower half by dampness." Striking Yang channels flows into the meridians; striking Yin channels flows into the fu organs. It also says: "Yang receives wind qi; Yin receives damp qi." Thus, wind injuries affect the upper part first; damp injuries affect the lower part first. These are mentioned in opposition. This treatise mentions wind and damp together. When wind and damp combine, Yin and Yang transmit to each other, causing illness in upper/lower and interior/exterior. Symptoms include bodily restlessness and pain, inability to turn over, joint pulling pain, inability to flex or extend, dysuria, and loose stools. The *Neijing* states: "When wind and damp injure humans, Qi and Blood merge with the pathogen, lodging between the fenli (muscle intervals); its momentum is firm and large, hence termed Excess (Shi)." When cold and damp injure humans, the skin becomes lax, muscles become firm and tight, Ying blood becomes stagnant, and Wei Qi departs; hence termed Deficiency (Xu). This differentiates based on the excess or deficiency of the blood system due to wind and cold. In this treatise, after sweating for Taiyang cold, if cold-damp remains unresolved internally, causing jaundice of the body and eyes, this differs from Yangming heat trapped inside causing jaundice, which requires purgation. This again distinguishes excess and deficiency based on cold-damp versus damp-heat. The *Neijing* holds that wind, cold, and dampness combine to form Bi (Obstruction) syndrome; this treatise adds heat to form Wet-Bi. One must know that both Bi and Jing transform from dampness. The same dampness, when dried out excessively, becomes Jing; when lingering and attaching, it becomes Bi. Bi is Excess; Jing is Deficiency. Bi and Jing differ in form and excess/deficiency status. One must not rashly attribute Jing to wind, nor, because it originates from dampness, simply view Jing as dampness. Other meanings regarding Jing and dampness are detailed in the annotations of the *Neijing* and this treatise.