寅卯辰 巳午未 申酉戌 亥子丑
寅三焦（手少阳） 卯大肠（手阳明） 辰小肠（手太阳）
巳包络（手厥阴） 午 心（手少阴） 未 肺（手太阴）
申 胆（足少阳） 酉 胃（足阳明） 戌膀胱（足太阳）
亥 肝（足厥阴） 子 肾（足少阴） 丑 脾（足太阴）
手足三阴三阳者，十二经络之名也。
寅卯辰手三阳，天阳春也。巳午未手三阴，天阴夏也。
申酉戌足三阳，地阳秋也。亥子丑足三阴，地阴冬也。
（合音甘，入声，余不音者并如字）
太阳、少阴合，阳明、太阴合，少阳、厥阴合；足与足合，手与手合。如∶足太阳膀胱水，
合足阴肾水。阳为腑属表，阴为脏属里。
肝与胆（厥阴）风木也，心与小肠（少阴）君火暑热也，包络及三焦（少阳）相火也（此
为阳之脏腑）。脾与胃（太阴）湿土也，肺与大肠（阳明）燥金也，肾与膀胱（太阳）寒水也（此为阴
之脏腑）。脾、心、肝、肺、肾兼包络（一名命门），为六脏。胃、小肠、胆、大肠、膀胱兼三焦，为六腑。
络者，正经脉道之旁小络，如支络、孙络之类也，皆营运气血之脉也，各宗于本经焉。
手太阴肺病，则肺胀满，膨膨而喘咳，缺盆中痛，咳喘上气，喘喝，烦心，
胸满， 臂内前廉痛，甚则交两手而瞀，肩背痛而汗出，虚则气不能报息，小便数变。
十二经始于肺经，故其序如此。喝（乙介切， 声也。）缺盆者，肩前 内陷中也。
（音如，从肩至肘，通名曰 ，自手至腕，通名曰臂。）廉（犹畔也。）瞀（音莫，眼黑也，昏也，言气乱、
两手相交而昏瞀也。）不能报息（俗所云气少不能接续也。）数（音朔，频也。）
手阳明大肠病，则齿痛， 肿，虚则目黄，口干，鼽衄，喉痹，腹中雷鸣，
气常冲胸，喘，不能久立、肩前 痛，大指次指不能为用。
（音拙，面秀骨，目下起骨也。）鼽（音求，清涕也。）衄（音浓，入声，鼻出血也。）不能为用（言屈
伸不能如意也。）
足阳明胃经病，则洒洒振寒，善伸，数欠，或恶人与火，闻木声则惕然而惊，心欲动，独闭户牖而处，
欲上高而歌，弃衣而走，贲向腹胀，骂詈不避亲疏，气盛则身前皆热，消谷善饥，尿色黄。气虚则身
前皆寒栗。胃中寒，则腹胀满实，胃脘当心而痛，上支两胁，膈咽不通，食饮不下，狂疟温 汗出，鼽衄，
口，唇胗，颈肿，喉痹，腹水肿胀，膝膑肿痛，循胸旁，过乳、冲、股、伏
兔、 外廉、足 上皆痛，中指不能动。
振（动摇也。）善伸（自然能也。）数欠（频呵欠也。）心欲动（不宁也。）闭户（为恶人，兼多惊。）贲（音
奔，勇猛也。）向（向同，热聚也。）栗（战惮也。）支（持也。固也。） （乱也。）膑（音牝，
膝骨也。）股（腿髀肉。）伏兔（膝上起肉也。） （户当切，乃胫骨也。）跗（音夫，足面动脉也。）
足太阴脾经病，则舌本强，食则呕，腹胀，溏、泄，瘕，水闭，饮发中满，
食减，善噫，身体皆重，得后与气，快然而衰。甚则肌肉痿，足不收，行善契，
脚下痛，四肢不举，大小便不痛。虚则腹满肠鸣、飧泄食不化，舌本痛，体不能
动摇，食不下，烦心，心下急痛，寒疟，溏，泄，水闭，黄胆，不能卧，股膝内肿厥，大指不用。
本（舌根也。）强（去声，不和柔也。）溏（大便稀薄。）瘕（音假，肚中结病也。）水闭（言水
不宣通也。）噫（衣介切，转气也。）后与气（言下气也。）痿（于为切，痹病也。）契（合也，行则
不觉脚相揩也。）飧（音孙，食也。）厥（其也，不能运用也。）
手少阴心经病，则胸中痛，胁支满，胁下痛，膺、背、肩、胛间痛，两臂内
痛。甚则嗌干，心痛，渴而欲饮，身热肤痛，烦心谵妄。虚则善悲，时眩仆，胸
腹大，胁下与腰、背相引而痛，目黄，胁痛， 后廉痛，掌中热。
谵（音占，乱言也。）妄（见虚妄而言也。）眩（玄去声，眩晕昏乱也。）仆（音付，卒然而倒也。）
手太阳小肠经病，则嗌干，颔肿，不可回顾，肩似拔， 似折。虚则少腹控
卵，引腰胁上冲心痛。耳聋，目黄，颊、颔肿，肩、 、肘、臂外廉痛。
嗌（音亦，气系也。）少腹（脐下两旁也。）控（引也。）卵（阴丸也。）
足太阳膀胱经病，则冲头痛，目似脱，项似拔，腰似折，髀不可以曲， 如
结， 如裂。虚则痔，盛则疟、狂、巅疾，颈项、囟顶、脑户中痛，目黄泪出，
项、背、腰、脊、尻后、 、脚皆痛，小趾不为用。
冲头痛（脑后横冲眉间痛也。） （曲脚后也，结括也。） （市兖切，一名 ，俗所谓腿肚也。）巅（顶
也。）尻（居刀切，后阴后分合处也，大而言之睢也。）
足少阴肾经病，则饥不欲食，面黑如漆，咳唾则有血，喝喝而喘，坐而欲
起，目 如无所见，心悬如饥，腹大，胫肿，喘咳身重，寝汗出，憎风。虚则
腹满身重，濡泄，寒疡流水，腰股痛发， 、 促膝不便，烦冤，足痿，清厥，意
不乐，大便难，善恐，心惕惕如人将捕之，口热舌干，咽肿上气，嗌干而痛，心
烦而痛，黄胆，肠 ，脊、股内后廉痛，痿厥嗜卧，卧不安，足下热而痛。
喝（乙介切。） （音荒。）濡（溏泄也。）寒疡（俗言冻疮。）不便（不利便也。）烦冤（心闷乱不宁。）痿
（痹弱。）清厥（手足清冷而厥逆也。）痿厥（欲卧而不安也。）肠 （下利也。）
手厥阴心胞络病，则手心热，臂、肘挛急，腋肿。甚则胸胁支满，心澹澹大
动，面赤目黄，喜笑不休，虚则烦心，心痛，掌中热。
澹澹（水摇动貌。）
手少阳三焦病，则耳聋，浑浑 。虚则目锐 痛，耳后、肩、 、肘、臂外皆痛，小指次指不能为用。
（足少阳胆经原缺）
足厥阴肝经病，则腰不可俯仰。丈夫 疝，妇人少腹肿，两胁下痛引少腹。
甚则嗌干，面尘，善怒，忽忽眩痛，巅疾，目赤肿痛，耳聋，颊痛。虚则目
如无所见、无所闻，善恐如人欲捕之，胸满呕逆，洞泄，狐疝，遗尿，癃闭。
腋下曰胁，胁下骨为肋，胁肋之下曰 （音区。）面尘（面如浮尘。）忽忽（昏乱也。）眩（头
目眩晕也。）洞（疾流也。）狐疝（言狐者，疝气之变化，隐见、往来不可测，如狐也。）遗尿、癃闭（小
便癃闭而病疲惫也。）
Yin, Mao, Chen hours correspond to Si, Wu, Wei hours; Shen, You, Xu hours correspond to Hai, Zi, Chou hours.
The Yin hour corresponds to the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) (Hand-Shaoyang Meridian), the Mao hour to the Large Intestine (Hand-Yangming Meridian), and the Chen hour to the Small Intestine (Hand-Taiyang Meridian);
The Si hour corresponds to the Pericardium (Hand-Jueyin Meridian), the Wu hour to the Heart (Hand-Shaoyin Meridian), and the Wei hour to the Lung (Hand-Taiyin Meridian);
The Shen hour corresponds to the Gallbladder (Foot-Shaoyang Meridian), the You hour to the Stomach (Foot-Yangming Meridian), and the Xu hour to the Bladder (Foot-Taiyang Meridian);
The Hai hour corresponds to the Liver (Foot-Jueyin Meridian), the Zi hour to the Kidney (Foot-Shaoyin Meridian), and the Chou hour to the Spleen (Foot-Taiyin Meridian).
The Hand Three Yin meridians, Hand Three Yang meridians, Foot Three Yin meridians, and Foot Three Yang meridians are collectively known as the Twelve Meridians.
The Yin, Mao, Chen hours belong to the Hand Three Yang meridians, symbolizing Heaven, Spring, and Yang; the Si, Wu, Wei hours belong to the Hand Three Yin meridians, symbolizing Heaven, Summer, and Yin;
The Shen, You, Xu hours belong to the Foot Three Yang meridians, symbolizing Earth, Autumn, and Yang; the Hai, Zi, Chou hours belong to the Foot Three Yin meridians, symbolizing Earth, Winter, and Yin.
(The character "He" [Harmony/Combination] is pronounced like "Gan" and belongs to the entering tone; other characters without pronunciation notes are read according to their standard pronunciation.)
The Taiyang meridian harmonizes with the Shaoyin meridian; the Yangming meridian harmonizes with the Taiyin meridian; the Shaoyang meridian harmonizes with the Jueyin meridian; foot meridians harmonize with foot meridians, and hand meridians harmonize with hand meridians. For example: the Foot-Taiyang Bladder meridian (associated with Water)
harmonizes with the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney meridian (associated with Water). Yang meridians belong to the Fu organs and are exterior; Yin meridians belong to the Zang organs and are interior.
The Liver and Gallbladder (Jueyin) correspond to Wind-Wood; the Heart and Small Intestine (Shaoyin) correspond to Sovereign Fire and Summer-Heat; the Pericardium and Sanjiao (Triple Burner) (Shaoyang) correspond to Ministerial Fire (these are considered Yang Zang-Fu pairs). The Spleen and Stomach (Taiyin) correspond to Damp-Earth; the Lung and Large Intestine (Yangming) correspond to Dry-Metal; the Kidney and Bladder (Taiyang) correspond to Cold-Water (these are considered Yin Zang-Fu pairs). The Spleen, Heart, Liver, Lung, and Kidney, along with the Pericardium (also known as Mingmen), constitute the Six Zang organs. The Stomach, Small Intestine, Gallbladder, Large Intestine, and Bladder, along with the Sanjiao (Triple Burner), constitute the Six Fu organs.
Luo vessels are small collateral vessels branching off from the main meridians, such as branch collaterals and sun collaterals. They all transport Ying-Qi (Nutritive Qi) and Blood, and each belongs to its respective primary meridian.
When the Hand-Taiyin Lung meridian is diseased, there will be lung distension and fullness, abdominal bloating with wheezing and cough, pain in the Quepen area, coughing with wheezing and rebellious Qi, audible wheezing, irritability,
chest fullness, pain along the anterior medial aspect of the arm, and in severe cases, crossing both hands over the chest leading to dizziness and confusion, shoulder and back pain with sweating. In deficiency patterns, breath is short and cannot be sustained, and urination is frequent with altered characteristics.
The Twelve Meridians begin with the Lung meridian, hence this order. He (pronounced Yi-Jie Qie) refers to the sound of wheezing. Quepen is the depression located anterior-medially to the shoulder.
(From shoulder to elbow is generally called Nao; from hand to wrist is generally called Bi.) Lian means edge or border. Mao (pronounced Mo) refers to visual darkness and dizziness, indicating chaotic Qi
and dizziness/confusion when crossing hands over the chest. Cannot Bao Xi (colloquially meaning insufficient Qi unable to connect continuously). Shuo (pronounced Shuo) means frequent.
When the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine meridian is diseased, there will be toothache, cheek swelling, and in deficiency patterns, yellow eyes, dry mouth, rhinorrhea or epistaxis, throat obstruction, borborygmus in the abdomen,
Qi often rushing to the chest, wheezing, inability to stand for long periods, pain in the anterior shoulder, and dysfunction of the index finger and thumb.
(Zhuo refers to the zygomatic bone, the bone rising under the eye.) Qiu (pronounced Qiu) means clear nasal discharge. Nu (pronounced Nong, entering tone) means epistaxis. Cannot use (referring to inability to flex and extend as desired).
When the Foot-Yangming Stomach meridian is diseased, there will be shivering chills, a desire to stretch, frequent yawning, aversion to people and fire, sudden fright upon hearing the sound of wood, palpitations, living alone behind closed doors and windows,
desire to climb high and sing, stripping clothes and running, Benxiang abdominal distension, cursing without distinction between kin and strangers. When Qi is excess, the anterior body becomes hot, digestion accelerates with easy hunger, and urine is yellow. When Qi is deficient, the anterior body feels cold and shivers. Cold in the Stomach causes abdominal distension and fullness, pain in the epigastrium at the heart's location, upward support to both hypochondria, obstruction of the diaphragm and pharynx, difficulty swallowing food and drink, manic malaria with warm sweating, rhinorrhea or epistaxis,
oral ulcers, lip herpes, neck swelling, throat obstruction, abdominal edema and distension, knee patella swelling and pain, pain along the lateral chest, passing through the breast, Chongmen point, thigh, Futu point,
lateral tibia, and dorsum of the foot, with immobility of the middle toe.
Zhen means trembling/shaking. Shan Shen means natural stretching. Shu Qian means frequent yawning. Xin Yu Dong means restlessness. Bi Hu means closing doors due to aversion to people and fear. Ben (pronounced Ben) means brave/fierce. Xiang (Xiang Tong) means heat accumulation. Li means trembling fear. Zhi means supporting/solidifying. Luan means chaos. Bin (pronounced Pin) means kneecap. Gu means thigh muscle. Futu means flesh rising above the knee. (Hu Dang Qie) refers to the tibia. Fu (pronounced Fu) refers to the arterial pulse on the dorsum of the foot.
When the Foot-Taiyin Spleen meridian is diseased, there will be stiffness of the tongue root, vomiting after eating, abdominal distension, loose stools, diarrhea, abdominal masses, urinary retention, mid-jiao fullness after drinking,
decreased appetite, frequent belching, heaviness of the body, and rapid relief after defecation and passage of gas. In severe cases, muscle atrophy, inability to hold the feet, walking with feet rubbing together,
pain in the soles, inability to lift the limbs, and lack of pain in bowel/bladder movements. In deficiency patterns, there is abdominal fullness with borborygmus, undigested diarrhea, tongue root pain, inability to move the body,
difficulty swallowing, irritability, urgent pain below the heart, cold malaria, loose stools, diarrhea, urinary retention, jaundice, inability to lie down, swelling and coldness in the inner thighs and knees, and dysfunction of the big toe.
Ben means tongue root. Qiang (falling tone) means stiff/unyielding. Tang means loose stool. Jia (pronounced Jia) means abdominal mass. Shui Bi means water not circulating freely. Yi (Yi-Jie Qie) means belching. Hou Yu Qi means downward expulsion of Qi. Wei (Yu-Wei Qie) means bi-syndrome. Qi means joining/walking with feet rubbing together. Sun (pronounced Sun) refers to food. Jue means inability to function/use.
When the Hand-Shaoyin Heart meridian is diseased, there will be pain in the chest, fullness and pain in the hypochondrium, pain in the anterior chest, back, shoulders, and scapular region, and pain in the medial arms. In severe cases, dry throat, heart pain, thirst with desire to drink, feverish skin pain, irritability, and delirious speech. In deficiency patterns, there is frequent sadness, vertigo with fainting, large chest and abdomen, pulling pain between the hypochondrium and lower back, yellow eyes, hypochondriac pain, pain along the posterior medial arm, and heat in the palms.
Zhan (pronounced Zhan) means incoherent speech. Wang means speaking based on hallucinations. Xuan (Xuan falling tone) means vertigo and confusion. Pu (pronounced Fu) means sudden fall.
When the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine meridian is diseased, there will be dry throat, submandibular swelling, inability to turn the head, sensation of shoulder being pulled, and sensation of elbow being broken. In deficiency patterns, there is pulling pain from the lower abdomen to the testicles, pulling pain to the waist and hypochondrium rushing up to cause heart pain. Deafness, yellow eyes, cheek and submandibular swelling, and pain along the lateral shoulder, elbow, and arm.
Yi (pronounced Yi) refers to the airway. Shao Fu refers to the sides below the navel. Kong means pulling/traction. Luan means scrotum/testicle.
When the Foot-Taiyang Bladder meridian is diseased, there will be severe headache, sensation of eyes protruding, sensation of neck being pulled, sensation of waist breaking, inability to bend the thighs, knotting sensation in the popliteal fossa, and tearing sensation in the calf. In deficiency patterns, there are hemorrhoids; in excess patterns, there are malaria, mania, and cephalic diseases. Pain in the neck, occiput, brain hub, yellow eyes with tearing,
and pain in the neck, back, waist, spine, buttocks, popliteal fossa, and feet, with dysfunction of the little toe.
Chong Tou Tong refers to horizontal pain from the back of the head to the glabella. Guo refers to the back of the bent leg, knotting. (Shi-Yan Qie), also called Shuan, colloquially the calf muscle. Dian means vertex. Kao (Ju-Dao Qie) refers to the junction behind the anus, broadly the buttocks.
When the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney meridian is diseased, there will be hunger without desire to eat, black face like lacquer, blood in sputum, wheezing sounds, desire to rise from sitting, blurred vision, feeling of emptiness like hunger, abdominal distension, calf swelling, wheezing/cough with body heaviness, night sweats, and aversion to wind. In deficiency patterns, there is abdominal fullness and body heaviness, damp diarrhea, cold ulcers with drainage, onset of waist/thigh pain, stiffness in the popliteal fossa and knees, irritability, foot weakness, cold extremities with cold syndrome, low mood, difficult defecation, frequent fear, palpitations as if being hunted, oral heat and dry tongue, swollen throat with rebellious Qi, dry/painful throat, irritability and pain, jaundice, dysentery, pain along the posterior medial spine and thigh, weakness/cold syndrome with lethargy, restless sleep, and heat/pain in the soles.
He (Yi-Jie Qie). (Huang). Ru means damp diarrhea. Han Yang means cold ulcer (colloquially frostbite). Bu Bian means difficult urination/defecation. Fan Yuan means mental oppression/restlessness. Wei means weak paralysis. Qing Jue means cold extremities with cold syndrome. Wei Jue means desire to lie down but restlessness. Chang Pi means dysentery/diarrhea.
When the Hand-Jueyin Pericardium is diseased, there will be heat in the palms, spasm/stiffness of the arms and elbows, and axillary swelling. In severe cases, chest/hypochondriac fullness, obvious palpitations,
red face and yellow eyes, excessive laughter. In deficiency patterns, there is irritability, heart pain, and heat in the palms.
Dan Dan describes the appearance of shaking water.
When the Hand-Shaoyang Sanjiao (Triple Burner) is diseased, there will be deafness and muffled hearing. In deficiency patterns, there is pain in the outer canthus, and pain behind the ear, shoulder, elbow, and lateral arm, with dysfunction of the little and index fingers.
(Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder meridian text is missing in the original)
When the Foot-Jueyin Liver meridian is diseased, there will be inability to flex or extend the waist. Men suffer from hernia, women have lower abdominal swelling, and pain in both hypochondria radiating to the lower abdomen.
In severe cases, dry throat, dusty complexion, irritability,恍惚 dizziness and pain, cephalic disease, red/swollen painful eyes, deafness, cheek pain. In deficiency patterns, blurred vision and hearing, frequent fear as if being hunted, chest fullness with vomiting/reversal, profuse diarrhea, fox hernia, enuresis, and strangury.
The axilla is called Xie, the bones under the ribs are called Lei, and the area below the ribs is called Qu (pronounced Qu). Mian Chen means face like floating dust. Hu Hu means confused/disoriented. Xuan means dizziness of head and eyes. Dong means rapid flow. Hu Shan (Fox Hernia) implies the unpredictable changing nature of the hernia, appearing and disappearing like a fox. Yi Niao, Long Bi refers to strangury with fatigue.