（瘀，于预切，积也。又音于）
桃仁承气汤 治太阳病不解，而循经热结在膀胱，其人如狂，血自下者愈。
表不解者，先以桂枝汤解表，已而，但小腹急结者乃以下之（或言少腹者误也，脐上为
腹，腹下为小腹，小腹两旁，谓之少腹，凡下皆作小腹也）。
抵当丸 治伤寒里热，少腹满，当小便不利，今反利者，有蓄血也，宜以下之。
抵当汤 治太阳日深，表证仍在，循经而热蓄下焦，脉微而沉，不结胸而发
狂者，热在下焦，少腹当硬满，小便自利也，血下乃愈，宜以攻之。或太阳病，身黄，脉沉者，循
经而蓄热下焦也，少腹硬，小便不利，为无血，小便自利，如狂者，瘀血证也。或阳明蓄热内甚而
喜忘（喜，许记切），或狂，大便虽硬而反易不难也，其色黑者，有蓄血也。或无表里证，但发热日
深，脉虽浮者，亦可下之。或已下后，脉数、胸热、消谷善饥，数日不大便者，有瘀血也，并宜
抵当汤下之。
茵陈汤 治阳明里热极甚，烦渴，热郁留饮不散，以致湿热相搏而身体发黄。
或言寒热相搏而发黄者，误也。则如万物湿热甚，则自生黄色苔也。或本伤寒热极
失下，或误汗之、温之、灸之、熨之，或误服银粉、巴豆大毒热药下之，反以亡液损其阴气，邪热转
甚；或下之太早，热入里，不成结胸，但以发黄者；或失寒凉调治，或热势本恶，虽按法治之，而不
能退其热势之甚者，或下后，热势不退，皆能发于黄也。大抵本因热郁极甚，留饮不散，湿热相搏而黄也。
其候但头汗出，身无汗，剂颈而还，小便不利，渴饮水浆者，身必发黄也。
怫热在表，燥而无汗，湿热在里，气甚不能散越于外，则湿热之气郁甚而上行，以至头面阳极
之分，则湿热蒸为微汗，而颈下无汗。然湿热不能自然宣通散越于周身，故湿热郁之极甚，而面目、
遍身发黄也。故白虎汤证，遍身自汗出者，仲景谓之散越，不发于黄也。小便不利者，湿热发黄之证
也。或小便自利，或狂，或大便黑者，瘀血证也。发黄亦有谵妄者，本所不
言，以黄证未明，故不须言也。
宜茵陈汤调下五苓散以利小便，退其湿热也。已黄者，茵陈汤利大、小便也。
(Yu, pronounced with the cut-off sound of "Yu Yu", means accumulation. Also pronounced as "Yu".)
Taoren Chengqi Tang (Peach Kernel Decoction to Drain the Lower Jiao): Treats Taiyang disease (Disease of the Taiyang channel) that has not resolved, where heat binds along the channel in the Bladder. The patient exhibits a manic-like state (Ru Kuang). If blood discharges spontaneously, the disease resolves.
If the exterior syndrome (Biao Zheng) has not resolved, first use Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) to release the exterior. Afterward, if only the lower abdomen (Xiao Fu) is urgent and knotted, then apply purgation. (Some say Shaofu [Lesser Abdomen], which is an error. Above the navel is called Fu [Abdomen]; below the navel is Xiao Fu; the sides of the lower abdomen are called Shaofu. All references to purgation here refer to Xiao Fu.)
Didang Wan (Mantis Egg Pill): Treats Shanghan (Cold Damage) with intense interior heat, fullness in the lower abdomen, where urination should be difficult but is now free. This indicates Blood Stasis (Xu Xue), and purgation is appropriate.
Didang Tang (Mantis Egg Decoction): Treats Taiyang disease progressing deeply, where exterior signs remain, but heat accumulates in the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner) along the channel. The pulse is faint and deep. There is no Jie Xiong (Chest Binding) syndrome, but mania occurs due to heat in the Lower Jiao. The lower abdomen should be hard and full, and urination is free. When blood discharges, the disease resolves; attack/purgation is appropriate. Alternatively, in Taiyang disease, if the body is yellow and the pulse is deep, heat has accumulated in the Lower Jiao along the channel. If the lower abdomen is hard and urination is obstructed, there is no blood stasis. If urination is free and the patient is manic-like, it is a Blood Stasis syndrome. Alternatively, in Yangming disease, if interior heat accumulation is severe causing forgetfulness (Xi, pronounced "Xu Ji"), or mania, and although the stool is hard, it is easy to pass and black in color, this indicates Blood Stasis. Or, if there are no clear exterior or interior syndromes, but fever deepens daily, even if the pulse is floating, purgation may be applied. Or, after purgation, if the pulse is rapid, there is chest heat, polyphagia (easily hungry), and no bowel movement for several days, this indicates Blood Stasis; all such cases are suitable for treatment with Didang Tang.
Yinchen Tang (Artemisia Capillaris Decoction): Treats extreme Yangming interior heat, irritability, thirst, and stagnant heat with retained fluids that fail to dissipate, leading to damp-heat binding and jaundice (Huang).
Those who claim jaundice results from cold-heat binding are mistaken. Just as when things are excessively hot and damp, yellow moss naturally grows. Jaundice may result from: original Shanghan with extreme heat not treated with purgation in time; erroneous use of sweating, warming, moxibustion, or hot compress therapies; or erroneous use of toxic hot purgatives like Silver Powder (Yinfen) or Croton Seed (Badou), which deplete fluids and damage Yin, causing pathogenic heat to intensify; or premature purgation causing heat to enter the interior without forming Jie Xiong, resulting only in jaundice; or failure to use cooling treatments appropriately; or inherently fierce heat that cannot be subdued even with correct treatment; or persistent heat after purgation. All these can cause jaundice. Generally, jaundice arises from extreme heat stagnation, retained fluids failing to dissipate, and damp-heat binding.
Symptoms include sweating only on the head, no sweat on the body, sweat stopping at the neck, obstructed urination, and craving drinks. In such cases, jaundice will develop.
Heat stagnating in the exterior is dry with no sweat; damp-heat in the interior causes Qi to be excessive and unable to disperse outward. Thus, damp-heat Qi stagnates severely and rises to the head and face, the area of extreme Yang. Damp-heat steams into slight sweat, while the neck and below have no sweat. Since damp-heat cannot naturally circulate and disperse throughout the body, it stagnates extremely, causing yellowing of the face, eyes, and whole body. Therefore, in Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) syndrome, where the whole body sweats spontaneously, Zhang Zhongjing calls this "San Yue" (Dispersal and Overflow), and jaundice does not occur. Obstructed urination is a sign of damp-heat jaundice. If urination is free, or there is mania, or black stools, it is a Blood Stasis syndrome. Jaundice can also present with delirium (Zhan Wang), but this is not mentioned in the text because the mechanism of jaundice was not yet fully clarified, so it need not be discussed.
It is appropriate to administer Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) mixed with Yinchen Tang to promote urination and resolve damp-heat. For those already jaundiced, Yinchen Tang promotes both large and small urination.