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Taiyang (Sun) and Shaoyang (Gallbladder) combined disease, with spontaneous diarrhea, is treated with Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction); if accompanied by vomiting, Huangqin Jia Banxia Shengjiang Tang (Scutellaria Decoction plus Pinellia and Fresh Ginger Decoction) is the primary treatment.

In the combined disease of two Yang channels, Yang qi is excessive while Yin fluid is deficient. The descending invasion of Yang qi into Yin causes spontaneous diarrhea. In the combined disease of Taiyang and Yangming, the pathogen has just entered the interior of Yangming; it should be treated with Gegen Tang (Pueraria Decoction), using acrid-sweet dispersing methods to release the pathogen from the Yang aspect, which also follows the principle of "lifting what has sunk." In the combined disease of Taiyang and Shaoyang, the pathogen has already entered the interior of Shaoyang; it should be treated with Huangqin Tang, using sour-bitter purging and draining methods acting on the Yin aspect, which also follows the principle of "treating obstruction with unblocking agents" (Tong Yin Tong Yong).

Huangqin Tang:
Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (3 liang) Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried) (3 liang) Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) (3 liang) Dazao (Jujubae Fructus) (12 pieces)
Boil in 10 dou of water until reduced to 2 sheng of liquid, remove dregs, take 1 sheng warm, twice daily, and once at night. If vomiting occurs, add Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) (0.5 sheng) and Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) (3 liang).
This is a modification of Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction). The heat is not at the half-exterior but has entered the half-interior, so Huangqin is used as the chief herb. Although there is no excess accumulation in the Stomach, nor is there Stomach deficiency, Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix) is not needed to tonify the Middle.

In the combined disease of Yangming and Shaoyang, spontaneous diarrhea must occur. A pulse that does not show mutual overcoming indicates a favorable prognosis (Shun). "Fu" (Negative/Overcoming) refers to the loss of balance due to mutual pathological restriction. If the Shaoyang pulse is restricted by the Fuyang pulse (reflecting Stomach Qi), it is considered favorable.
Combined disease of two Yang channels must present with pulses of both Yang channels: Yangming pulse is large, Shaoyang pulse is wiry (Xian). This is a favorable pulse pattern. If the pulse is large but not wiry, Shaoyang is being overcome; if wiry but not large, Yangming is being overcome. This mutual restriction indicates an unfavorable condition. However, Wood overcomes Earth, meaning Shaoyang acts as the pathogenic factor. If Shaoyang is overcome but Yangming is not, it is still a favorable pattern within the context of restriction.

The main manifestations of TAIYIN disease are abdominal fullness and vomiting, inability to eat, worsening spontaneous diarrhea, and occasional spontaneous abdominal pain. If purgatives are mistakenly administered, it will inevitably lead to hardness and knotting below the chest.

Yangming is the interior of the three Yang channels, so its outline belongs to Interior Yang syndromes; TAIYIN is the interior of the three Yin channels, so its outline entirely belongs to Interior Yin syndromes. Above TAIYIN, Dampness governs; abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea transform from Dampness. Spleen belongs to Wet Earth, so when injured by Dampness, Spleen is affected first. However, when Cold-Dampness injures the body and enters Yin channels without disturbing the Zang organs, it returns to the Fu organs. The Fu organ here refers to the Stomach. The TAIYIN channel spreads through the Stomach and originates from it. Cold-Dampness in the Stomach prevents food from being retained, causing simultaneous vomiting and diarrhea. The TAIYIN channel enters the abdomen from the foot; when Cold Qi ascends intermittently, the abdomen spontaneously hurts. The appropriate treatment is to Warm the Middle and Dispel Cold. If abdominal fullness is mistaken for Excess and purged, the Stomach suffers Cold, leading to hardness and knotting below the chest.

Spontaneous diarrhea without thirst belongs to TAIYIN, because there is Cold in the Zang organs. It should be warmed, preferably with Si Ni Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction) category formulas.

After four or five days of Shanghan (Cold Damage), abdominal pain occurs; if there is a sensation of Qi moving downward toward the lower abdomen, this is a sign of impending spontaneous diarrhea.
The previous paragraph explained the cause of spontaneous diarrhea; this paragraph describes the signs of spontaneous diarrhea. Four or five days is the period when TAIYIN disease manifests.

In Shanghan, if the pulse is floating and slow, and the hands and feet are naturally warm, the disease is associated with TAIYIN. TAIYIN disease typically presents with jaundice; however, if urination is normal and free, jaundice will not develop. By the seventh or eighth day, even if there is sudden irritability and diarrhea occurring more than ten times a day, it will necessarily stop on its own. This is because the Spleen Qi recovers and becomes substantial, expelling the putrefied and turbid matter.

The previous case described TAIYIN Cold-Dampness, where the pulse should be deep and fine; this case describes TAIYIN Damp-Heat, hence the floating and slow pulse. Mentioning Shanghan initially implies the presence of aversion to cold. A floating and slow pulse corresponds to Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) syndrome. However, the absence of fever with warm hands and feet indicates TAIYIN Shanghan, not Taiyang Wind Strike. This also implicitly contrasts with cases involving fever; it does not mean TAIYIN Shanghan always presents with warm extremities.
Even in diseases of the three Yang channels, there are cases of cold hands and feet, let alone TAIYIN. Tao's distinction that TAIYIN presents with warm hands/feet, Shaoyin with cold hands/feet, and Jueyin with cold extremities contradicts the original meaning of TAIYIN's limb discomfort and Shaoyin's whole-body heat. One can only say that since hands and feet are the root of Yang Qi, they remain warm; one cannot claim they are warm simply because Spleen governs the limbs. Generally, Shanghan involves Heat, but TAIYIN is Yin within Yin; Yin and Cold combine, so there is no fever. TAIYIN governs muscles; when Cold-Dampness injures the muscles but cannot vent through the skin, jaundice should appear. If water passages are regulated, Dampness drains to the Bladder, and jaundice does not occur. Cold-Dampness injuring the exterior exits via urine; Damp-Heat accumulating internally exits via stool. Diseases originating in Yin heal in six days. By the seventh or eighth day, Yang Qi returns, causing sudden irritability and diarrhea. Even if occurring ten times a day, no treatment is needed because the accumulated filth in the Spleen will clear itself. Warm hands and feet indicate Exterior Yang is still present; sudden irritability indicates Interior Yang suddenly emerging. This represents Yang within Yin, differing from the earlier description of Zang Cold. If urination is facilitated, diarrhea stops naturally; neither warming nor purging is required.

In Shanghan diarrhea occurring more than ten times a day, if the pulse is unexpectedly Excess (Shi), the prognosis is fatal.
Spleen Qi is deficient while Pathogenic Qi is excessive, resulting in an unexpectedly Excess pulse.

In TAIYIN disease, if the pulse is weak and the patient continues to have loose stools, if Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) or Shaoyao are indicated, their dosages should be reduced because the Stomach Qi is weak and easily disturbed.
TAIYIN pulse is inherently weak; weak Stomach leads to Spleen disease, which is the internal cause. If caused by external contraction, the pulse may be merely floating or floating-slow, representing Yang pulses appearing in Yin disease. Diarrhea is the fundamental symptom of TAIYIN. Spontaneous diarrhea due to Spleen Excess resolves when filth is expelled; spontaneous diarrhea due to Zang Cold resolves with warming using Si Ni Tang categories. If spontaneous diarrhea results from erroneous purging in Taiyang disease, presenting with abdominal fullness and intermittent pain, Shaoyao should be added; for severe pain, Da Huang should be added. Here, after purging, the pulse is weak, indicating weak Stomach Qi. Reducing the dosage avoids over-stimulating the vulnerable system, aligning with the "Tong Yin Tong Yong" principle.
Da Huang purges the Stomach and is a purgative for Yangming Blood level; Shaoyao purges the Spleen and is a purgative for TAIYIN Qi level. For diarrhea and abdominal pain caused by Heat pathogens, Shaoyao is suitable. For diarrhea and abdominal pain caused by Yin Cold, Shaoyao is unsuitable. Zhang Zhongjing mentions Shaoyao and Da Huang together here; do not overlook this.

Aversion to cold, faint pulse, and recurrent diarrhea indicate loss of Blood; Si Ni Jia Ren Shen Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction plus Ginseng) is the treatment.
See notes under Si Ni Tang.
The above discusses TAIYIN Shanghan pulse and symptoms.

If the pulse in TAIYIN disease is floating, sweating can be induced; Guizhi Tang is appropriate.
TAIYIN governs the Interior, so its outline belongs to Interior syndromes. However, TAIYIN also governs opening and does not solely govern the Interior. A floating pulse indicates the disease is at the Exterior, allowing for sweating; this applies to TAIYIN as well. If both Cun and Chi pulses are deep, TAIYIN is diseased. Deep indicates Interior, presenting with abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea; Floating indicates Exterior, presenting with limb discomfort. Interior Cold requires warming (Si Ni Tang category); Exterior Wind-Heat requires sweating (Guizhi Tang). Taiyang deep pulse is due to Cold (Yin pathogen, Yin pulse); TAIYIN floating pulse is due to Wind (Yang pathogen, Yang pulse). To say that all Yin channel pulses are deep and Yin channels should never induce sweating is incorrect. While floating pulse typically indicates Mahuang Tang syndrome and deep pulse excludes Guizhi Tang syndrome, Guizhi Tang is used here because TAIYIN is the "Exterior of the Interior," and Guizhi Tang is the "Interior medicine of the Exterior."

In TAIYIN Wind Strike, with limb discomfort, if the pulse is slightly wiry, choppy, and long, recovery is imminent.
Wind is a Yang pathogen; limbs are the root of Yang. Spleen governs limbs; when Yin Qi is deficient, two Yangs clash, causing discomfort. Choppy and long pulses do not appear simultaneously; choppy is the disease pulse, but transition to long indicates recovery. Wind pulse is normally floating; now becoming slight indicates Wind pathogen is departing. Choppy indicates Qi and Blood deficiency; becoming long indicates Qi regulation, hence recovery.
Limb discomfort is the pre-recovery symptom of Wind Strike; slight, choppy, and long are the pre-recovery pulses. These should be viewed separately.
Taiyang distinguishes Wind and Cold by aversion to wind/cold; Yangming by appetite; TAIYIN by limb discomfort and warmth. This distinction is crucial. Shaoyang is Half-Exterior/Half-Interior and belongs to Wind Zang, so Shanghan and Wind Strike are interchangeable. Shaoyin and Jueyin only have recovery pulses, lacking non-recovery symptoms, which is regrettable.
The above discusses TAIYIN Wind Strike pulse and symptoms.

TAIYIN disease tends to resolve between Hai (9 PM - 11 PM) and Chou (1 AM - 3 AM) hours.
The Classic states: "After midnight, Yin rises to become Heavy Yin." And: "From dusk to rooster crow, Heaven's Yin, Yin within Yin." Spleen is the Ultimate Yin within Yin, thus governing Hai, Zi, and Chou hours.