猪苓（去皮） 茯苓 泽泻 滑石（碎） 阿胶（各一两）
上五味，以水四升，先煮四味，取二升，去渣，内阿胶烊消，温服七合，日三服。
阳明病，若脉浮发热，渴欲饮水，小便不利者，猪苓汤主之。此阳明之渴，故与五苓相近，而独去
桂枝，恐助阳也。论中又云∶阳明汗多而渴，不可与猪苓汤，以胃中燥，不可更利其小便也。
少阴病，下利六七日，咳而呕渴，心烦不得眠者，猪苓汤主之。此亦热邪传少阴之症。盖少阴口
燥口干，有大承气急下之法，今止呕渴，则热邪尚轻，故用此方，使热邪从小便出，其路尤近也。
文蛤（五两） 上一味，为散，以沸汤和一方寸匕服，汤用五合。
病在阳，应以汗解之，反以冷水 之，若灌之，其热被劫，不得去，弥更益烦，肉上粟起，寒在肉中。
意欲饮水，反不渴者，服文蛤散。此热结在皮肤肌肉之中，不在胃口，故欲饮而不渴，文蛤取其软坚逐水。
若不瘥者，与五苓散。不应则表里同治。
茯苓（二两） 桂枝（二两，去皮） 甘草（一两，炙） 生姜（三两，切） 上四味，以水四升，煮取二升，去
渣，分温三服。
伤寒汗出而渴者，五苓散主之。桂枝止汗，余四味止渴。不渴者，茯苓甘草汤主之。此方之义，从未
有能诠释者，盖汗出之后，而渴不止，与五苓，人所易知也。乃汗出之后，并无渴症，又未指明别有何症。
忽无端而与茯苓甘草汤，此意何居？要知此处“汗出”二字，乃发汗后，汗出不止也。汗出不止，则亡阳在
即，当与以真武汤；其稍轻者，当与以茯苓桂枝白术
甘草汤；更轻者，则与以此汤。何以知之？以三方同用茯苓知之，盖汗大泄，必引肾水上泛，非茯苓不能
钲之，故真武则佐以附子回阳；此二方，则以桂枝甘草敛汗，而茯苓则皆以为主药。此方之义，不了然乎？
观下条心悸，治法益明。
伤寒厥而心下悸者，宜先治水，水犯心则悸。当服茯苓甘草汤。《本草》∶茯苓治心下结痛，恐、悸。却
治其厥，不尔，水渍入胃，必作利也。
Zhu Ling Tang (Polyporus Decoction)
Zhu Ling (Polyporus), Fu Ling (Poria), Ze Xie (Alisma), Hua Shi (Talcum), E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) (each one liang).
Take the above five herbs, add four sheng of water, first decoct the first four herbs to obtain two sheng of liquid, remove the dregs, add E Jiao and melt it, take seven ge as a dose warm, three times a day.
In Yangming disease (disease of the Yangming channel), if there is floating pulse, fever, thirst with desire to drink water, and dysuria, Zhu Ling Tang is the primary treatment. This is thirst due to Yangming disease, so it is similar to Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria), but Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) is uniquely omitted to avoid assisting yang heat. The Treatise also states: In Yangming disease with excessive sweating and thirst, Zhu Ling Tang should not be used, because the stomach interior is dry and diuresis should not be further promoted.
In Shaoyin disease (disease of the Shaoyin channel), after six or seven days of diarrhea, accompanied by cough, vomiting, thirst, irritability, and insomnia, Zhu Ling Tang is the primary treatment. This is also a symptom of heat pathogen transmitting to Shaoyin. Generally, for Shaoyin disease with dry mouth and throat, Da Cheng Qi Tang (Major Order the Yellow Decoction) is used for urgent purgation. Now, since there is only vomiting and thirst, the heat pathogen is still mild; thus, this formula is used to allow the heat pathogen to exit via urination, which is a more direct route.
Wen Ge San (Clam Shell Powder)
Wen Ge (Concha Meretricis) (five liang).
Take the single herb above, grind into powder, mix with boiling water to form a dose of one cun bi (square inch spoonful), taken with five he of water.
When the disease is in the yang level (exterior syndrome), it should be resolved through sweating. If instead cold water is splashed or poured on the body, the heat is constrained and cannot disperse, leading to increased irritability and skin eruptions resembling millet grains, with cold trapped in the muscles. If the patient desires to drink water but does not feel thirsty, Wen Ge San should be administered. This indicates that heat is bound in the skin and muscles, not in the stomach; hence the desire to drink without actual thirst. Wen Ge is used for its ability to soften hardness and drain water.
If the condition does not improve, administer Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria). If ineffective, treat both exterior and interior simultaneously.
Fu Ling Gan Cao Tang (Poria and Licorice Decoction)
Fu Ling (Poria) (two liang), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) (two liang, peeled), Gancao (Licoriza Root) (one liang, honey-fried), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) (three liang, sliced).
Take the above four herbs, add four sheng of water, decoct to obtain two sheng of liquid, remove the dregs, divide into three warm doses.
In Shanghan (Cold Damage disease) with sweating and thirst, Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) is the primary treatment. Guizhi stops sweating, while the other four herbs stop thirst. If there is no thirst, Fu Ling Gan Cao Tang (Poria and Licorice Decoction) is the primary treatment. The rationale of this formula has never been clearly interpreted. It is well known that after sweating, if thirst persists, Wu Ling San is used. However, here after sweating, there is no thirst, nor are other specific symptoms indicated. Why suddenly prescribe Fu Ling Gan Cao Tang? One must understand that "sweating" here refers to continuous sweating after induced diaphoresis. Continuous sweating implies imminent loss of yang (yang collapse); Zhen Wu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) should be given. For milder cases, Fu Ling Gui Zhi Bai Zhu Gan Cao Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Atractylodes Macrocephala, and Licorice Decoction) should be given. For even milder cases, this formula (Fu Ling Gan Cao Tang) is given. How do we know this? From the fact that all three formulas share Fu Ling (Poria). Profuse sweating necessarily draws kidney water upward, which only Fu Ling can subdue. Thus, Zhen Wu Tang uses Fuzi (Aconite Lateral Root) to restore yang; these two formulas use Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) and Gancao (Licoriza Root) to consolidate and stop sweating, with Fu Ling as the chief herb. Is the rationale of this formula not clear now? The treatment method becomes even clearer when observing the next case regarding palpitations.
In Shanghan (Cold Damage disease) with cold extremities and epigastric palpitations, water retention should be treated first, as water invading the heart causes palpitations. Fu Ling Gan Cao Tang (Poria and Licorice Decoction) should be administered. Bencao (Materia Medica) states: Fu Ling treats epigastric pain, fear, and palpitations. By treating the water retention first, the cold extremities will resolve; otherwise, water soaking into the stomach will inevitably cause diarrhea.