黄芩（三两） 甘草（二两炙） 芍药（二两） 大枣（十二枚擘）
上四味。以水一斗。煮取三升。去滓。温服一升。日再。夜一服。若呕者。加半夏半升。生姜三两。（原论中第十卷
方。用生姜止一两半）
成注云。虚而不实者。苦以坚之。酸以收之。黄芩芍药之苦酸。以坚敛肠胃之气。弱而不足者。甘以补之。甘草
大枣之甘。以补固肠胃之弱。
琥按上黄芩汤成氏既云。和解半表半里之邪。及其注方中药味。止云。坚敛补固肠胃之气弱。而不及解表。何也。
盖太少合病。而至自利。则在表之寒邪。悉郁而为里热矣。里热不实。故与黄芩汤以清热益阴。使里热清。而阴气得复。
斯在表之阳热自解。所以此条病若太阳桂枝。在所当禁。并少阳柴胡。亦不须用也。内台方议云。上方用黄芩。为君以
解少阳之里热。此言与成注之意相合。又云用芍药为臣。以解太阳之表热。而行营气。吾恐芍药无桂枝。不能走表。若
云解太阳之热。而行营气。牵强钮合。殊悖于理。上二条证并汤俱。自原论中第四卷太阳下编移附于此。
（琥）按上少阳病脉证并治法仲景原论中止十条。列之第五卷阳明篇后。其余方论杂入太阳篇者居多。愚因采附本
篇复合下昔贤方论。共为一卷斯医人临证拣方。始为备而可据耳。
Huangqin (Coptidis Rhizoma, 3 liang) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang, honey-fried) Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 2 liang) Dazao (Ziziphi Jujubae Fructus, 12 pieces, split open)
The above four herbs. Boil with one dou of water. Decoct to obtain three sheng. Remove the dregs. Take one sheng warm. Twice daily. Once at night. If vomiting occurs, add Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, half sheng) and Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 3 liang). (In Volume 10 of the original treatise, the dosage of Shengjiang is one and a half liang.)
Cheng Wuji commented: For conditions that are deficient and not solid, bitter substances firm them, and sour substances astringe them. The bitter and sour properties of Huangqin and Shaoyao firm and astringe the Qi of the intestines and stomach. For conditions that are weak and insufficient, sweet substances tonify them. The sweet properties of Gancao and Dazao tonify and consolidate the weakness of the intestines and stomach.
Hu notes: Regarding the aforementioned Huangqin Tang (Coptis Decoction), Cheng stated it harmonizes pathogens in the half-exterior and half-interior. However, in his commentary on the herbs, he only mentioned firming, astringing, tonifying, and consolidating the Qi and weakness of the intestines and stomach, without mentioning releasing the exterior. Why is this?
Generally, when Taiyin (Taiyang) and Shaoyang syndromes combine and progress to spontaneous diarrhea, the exterior cold pathogen has all stagnated and transformed into interior heat. Although there is interior heat, it has not formed excess accumulation. Therefore, Huangqin Tang is administered to clear interior heat and nourish Yin. Once the interior heat is cleared and Yin Qi is restored, the Yang heat in the exterior naturally dissipates. Thus, if this syndrome presents with symptoms suitable for Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) for Taiyang disease, it should be strictly contraindicated; even Chaihu Tang (Bupleurum Decoction) for Shaoyang disease is unnecessary. *Neitai Fangyi* comments: In the above formula, Huangqin is used as the sovereign herb to resolve the interior heat of Shaoyang, which aligns with Cheng's intent. It further states that Shaoyao is used as the minister herb to resolve the exterior heat of Taiyang and circulate Ying Qi. I fear that without Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Shaoyao cannot reach the exterior. To claim it resolves Taiyang heat and circulates Ying Qi seems forced and illogical. The above two syndromes and formulas were originally transferred from the lower section of Volume 4 (Taiyang) of the original treatise and attached here.
(Hu) Notes: Regarding the pulse, syndromes, and treatment methods for Shaoyang disease in Zhang Zhongjing's original treatise, there are only ten clauses, listed after the Yangming chapter in Volume 5. Most other formula discussions are interspersed in the Taiyang chapter. I have therefore collected these materials to attach to this chapter, combined with ancient experts' formula discussions, compiling them into one volume. This ensures that physicians selecting formulas during clinical practice have comprehensive and reliable references.