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The theories of Wind, Bi (Obstruction), Wei (Flaccidity), and Jue (Reversal/Cold-Heat Extremities) are detailed in the *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon). Why do I elaborate on them again? Is it not redundant? The answer is: "It is not redundant." It is to point out the deviations and obscurities made by contemporary physicians who do not study the *Huangdi Neijing*. These four conditions—Wind, Bi, Wei, and Jue—are fundamentally different. However, contemporary physicians fail to distinguish them and treat them all as Cold-Wind pathogens. They tonify deficiency at the lower jiao. This is why the disease persists for years without cure.

Diseases of the four extremities manifest differently: agile movements or stiffness indicate Wind; numbness or pain indicates Bi; weakness and inability to move indicate Wei; cold or heat in the hands and feet indicates Jue. Their presentations are never identical, nor are their origins. Wind involves a combination of Wind and Heat; Bi involves the confluence of Wind-Dampness and Cold; Wei involves Fire suppressing Lung Metal; Jue can be either Cold or Heat, originating from the lower body. Contemporary physicians, failing to investigate the origin, see limbs twitching and immediately diagnose Wind. Yet, the *Zuo Zhuan* states that excessive Wind causes diseases of the extremities. Do they not know that all six qi—Wind, Summer-heat, Dryness, Dampness, Fire, and Cold—can cause diseases of the four extremities? I detail them below for those interested in saving lives.

Wind is characterized by rapid movement and frequent changes. The *Neijing* states: "All wind disorders involving tremors and dizziness belong to Liver Wood." Are not tremors and dizziness manifestations of Wind-Liver? Are not bending and straightening manifestations of Wind-Liver? Twitching of hands and feet, deviation of eyes and mouth, tendon spasms, muscle twitching, epilepsy, sudden convulsions, opisthotonos, foaming at the mouth, crying or laughing uncontrollably, emotional instability, sudden collapse, and unconsciousness are all manifestations of Wind-Liver. Thus, rapid and changing symptoms are functions of the Jueyin Liver. The reason Liver Wood becomes excessive is not solely due to external Wind, but because Lung Metal is constrained by Heart Fire and cannot control Wood. This disease often occurs after the Major Cold solar term in December, and during the transitions of March-April and September-October. Why? After Major Cold, Jueyin governs the climate. Si and Hai months also belong to Jueyin. These are times when Wind dominates. In March-April, there are violent winds and rains, hail, and destruction. In September-October, there are fallen leaves and roof damage. Excessive stagnation of Wind-Liver must wait for these three seasons to manifest. Patients with Wind diseases have a pulse like a bowstring, forceful. How dare one use hot medicines to exacerbate this condition?

Contemporary physicians, having found one effective formula, cling to it as their own skill. They apply moxibustion and acupuncture regardless of the patient's needs, persuading patients to follow their methods. Without considering the nature of herbs (hard/soft, sovereign/minister), the involved organs and meridians, or the location and qi, whenever they see hemiplegia, facial paralysis, phlegm flooding, or confusion, they administer Lingbao Dan, Zhibao Dan, Qingxin Wan, or Xuming Tang. They fail to realize that Qingxin Wan contains Ginger and Cinnamon; Lingbao Dan contains Magnetite and Sulfur; Xuming Tang contains Aconite. Only Zhibao Dan is relatively warm. The *Classic* states: "For Wind invading internally, treat with Acrid-Cool substances." How can one use hot mineral drugs to treat Wind? Using heat to treat heat is already excessive; how can it be repeated? Therefore, Liu Hejian created Fangfeng Tongsheng San and Sofeng Wan, and Chancellor Cheng created Qufeng Wan and Huangu Dan. Many have benefited, yet they face slander. I recall the *Qi Jiao Bian Lun* chapter of the *Neijing*, which discusses the Five Stagnations. When stagnation reaches its extreme, disease arises. Wind diseases often arise suddenly. I have treated epilepsy using Sweating, Purging, and Vomiting methods with success. The *Neijing* explicitly supports this. For Wood Stagnation, one should vent it; vomiting promotes free flow. Sweating expels Wind; purging eliminates old and generates new. I have cured countless Wind diseases with these methods. Why abandon them? I record this to prevent future generations from despising these methods.

Case: Mr. Xian Kai of the Wanyan clan suffered from Wind-induced convulsions. Initially, his right arm and leg convulsed 60-70 times, followed by the left side. His eyes stared fixedly, and he was confused and unconscious. After months, he sought my treatment. I first induced vomiting to remove 3-4 sheng of cold-phlegm. Then I used Daoshui Yugong Wan/Powder to purge him over 20 times. Finally, I administered the Acrid-Cool Tongsheng San. He recovered in a few days.

Bi syndrome is characterized by numbness and insensitivity, caused by the combination of Wind, Dampness, and Cold. The *Neijing* states: "When Wind prevails, it is called Moving Bi." Wind affects Yang meridians, so the pain migrates and worsens in the morning while quieting at night. Laypeople mistakenly call this "tiger-bite pain." When Cold prevails, it is Painful Bi. Cold affects Yin meridians, so pain is fixed and worsens at night. Laypeople call this "ghost attack." When Dampness prevails, it is Fixed Bi. Dampness affects tendons, vessels, skin, and flesh, causing pain that adheres and does not move, with muscles wasting away. Laypeople call this hemiplegia. This disease occurs during rainy seasons or in March and September when Solar Cold Water governs. It is severe when grass withers and water freezes, or among laborers near water who suffer from exposure to wind and rain and sleep in dampness. Pathogens enter externally. Due to geographical differences and individual constitutions, pathogenic depth varies. Symptoms include pain or no pain, numbness or sensation, limited extension or flexion. Cold feels like insects crawling; Heat causes flaccidity. If Pi Bi (Skin Bi) persists, it becomes Rou Bi (Flesh Bi); then Mai Bi (Vessel Bi); then Jin Bi (Tendon Bi); then Gu Bi (Bone Bi). If untreated, it enters the interior organs. Once organs are affected, even a wise man cannot save the patient. The pulse in Bi disease is deep and choppy.

Contemporary physicians treat all Bi syndromes as Hongjiao (Gout/Lower Limb Arthritis), a term absent in the *Neijing*. Some argue that other texts discuss Hongjiao. However, Bi originates from Damp-Heat with Wind-Cold as concurrent factors. Physicians who ignore meridians and organs, treating it as Cold-Damp Hongjiao, use harsh hot drugs like Aconite, Ligusticum, Frankincense, and Myrrh. They apply moxibustion to Zhongwan, cauterize below the navel, and fire-acupuncture at Zusanli. This leads to urinary retention, constipation, worsening deficiency, emaciation, and death. This error stems from cold-phlegm in the chest and diaphragm. Bi itself is not fatal; misdiagnosis is. Even if using steaming therapy, one must first vomit out the cold-phlegm. The *Neijing* states that Shu points of Zang and He points of Fu can treat Bi with stone needles.

Case: Wei Dexin, a wine supervisor, traveled in winter cold with weak true qi, sitting/lying on cold/damp surfaces, and irregular diet. He developed Bone Bi (Kidney governs bone). His lumbar vertebrae were damaged, hips felt broken, face was black, and he suffered pain, flaccidity, and lethargy. Doctors diagnosed Kidney Deficiency. I first used a perforated stove for steaming, then induced vomiting to remove 2-3 sheng of cold-phlegm. The pattern was Lower Deficiency and Upper Excess. I used bland diuretics to dry Spleen Dampness (Atractylodes), nourish Kidney Water (Poria), and disperse Wind-Liver (Cassia Bark). If Cold prevailed, I added Ginger and Aconite. I also punctured Shenshu and Taixi every two days. He recovered in one month. I often adapt Sweating, Purging, and Vomiting methods for Wind, Bi, Wei, and Jue with great success.

Wei syndrome is characterized by weak legs unable to walk. It arises because Kidney Water fails to control Heart Fire, which scorches Lung Metal. Lung Metal dries up, skin becomes weak, and Wei Bi (flaccidity) occurs. Kidney Water is the child of Lung Metal; when deficient, it follows Fire upward. Kidney governs the legs; marrow depletion results from excessive sexual activity. The *Zhun Yao Da Lun* states: "All Wei, panting, and vomiting belong to the Upper Jiao." The Sanjiao is Hand-Shaoyang Ministerial Fire. These three conditions are above the diaphragm, belonging to Lung Metal. Muscle Bi transmits to Mai Bi; Damp Bi transmits to Rou Bi; Marrow exhaustion transmits to Gu Bi; excessive sex transmits to Jin Bi (White Turbidity). Generally, Wei diseases are caused by exogenous Heat, often linked to lust and overexertion. Wei belongs to Lung, Mai Bi to Heart, Jin Bi to Liver, Rou Bi to Spleen, Gu Bi to Kidney. All stem from Lung Heat drying the leaves. Directly stated: Wei disease has no Cold. It occurs in May, June, July (Fire and Damp months). The pulse is floating and large.

Contemporary physicians treat leg weakness as Cold-Damp Hongjiao, using hot drugs and fire therapies, worsening the condition. Treating Wei differs from Bi. Bi may respond to heat; Wei worsens with it because Wei is rooted in Lung Heat. Treating Wei as Cold is lethal. Wei itself is not fatal; medication errors are.

Case: Song Ziyu, a military officer, suddenly developed Wei syndrome in summer. His waist, hips, and legs were useless. His pulse was slippery and forceful. Following the *Neijing* ("For Fire invading internally, treat with Salty-Cold"), I used salt water to induce vomiting of phlegm. After purging, his spirit cleared, appetite improved, and legs strengthened. I then administered Huanglian Jiedu Tang, Danggui, Xiexin Tang, Liangge San, and Chaihu Yinzi frequently. The *Neijing* advises frequent small doses for Heart/Lung diseases and large single doses for Kidney/Liver diseases. People find this strange, but I use it successfully. The *Neijing* states: "For Wei, treat exclusively by taking the Yangming Meridian." Yangming is the Stomach meridian, the sea of the five zang and six fu, nourishing the Zongjin (major tendons) which bind bones and control joints. If Yangming is deficient, Zongjin relax, and legs become weak. The Stomach is the sea of grain and water; stomach qi is the root of life. Solid root generates essence, essence fills marrow, and legs can walk. The *Yin Yang Ying Xiang Lun* states: "For form deficiency, warm with Qi; for essence deficiency, tonify with Flavor." Flavors should be harmonious. One should maintain tranquility. Long-term use of minerals or bitter-cold herbs like Coptis and Picrorhiza can generate Heat. I have successfully used Sweating, Purging, and Vomiting for Wind, Bi, Wei, and Jue.

Jue syndrome involves cold or heat in the hands, feet, and below the knees. Contemporary people confuse it with Hongjiao, but the *Neijing* makes no such distinction. Wang Taiabu noted that Hongjiao is a later invention. Ancient "Jue" corresponds to modern Hongjiao. Jue is divided into two types: Cold Jue and Heat Jue. Yang deficiency at the lower jiao causes Cold Jue (cold extremities); Yin deficiency at the lower jiao causes Heat Jue (hot extremities). Yang meridians start at the toes; Yin meridians start at the sole. Yang excess causes heat in the soles; Yin excess causes cold. In spring/summer, Yang is abundant; in autumn/winter, Yin is strong. Indulgence in winter depletes Yang, leading to Cold Jue. Overeating and drinking alcohol before intercourse causes Stomach disharmony, depleting essence and causing internal heat, leading to Heat Jue.

Jue can also present as sudden abdominal fullness and unconsciousness (Shi Jue/Corpse Jue), due to rebellious qi blocking the Shaoyin Kidney pulse. Phlegm Jue has rattling phlegm; Wind Jue has convulsions; Wine Jue comes from drunkenness; Qi Jue from anger; Bone Jue from bone pain; Arm Jue from toe cramps; Liver Jue from rigidity; Yangming Jue from panting and climbing.

Contemporary physicians misuse terms and treatments. Case: Ji Zhengzhi had Cold Jue; his wife had Heat Jue for over ten years. Her Xiao Yao San failed. Their pulses were floating, large, and empty. Ji said his hands/feet were cold despite hot water baths; his wife's were hot despite cold water pours. I explained this was due to dietary and sexual excesses, citing the *Jue Lun*. I prescribed warming agents for Lung (for her Heat Jue/Cold above) and cooling agents for Heart (for his Cold Jue/Heat above). Both recovered within ten days. She conceived months later due to yin-yang harmony. Shi Jue, Wei Jue, Wind Jue, Qi Jue, and Wine Jue can be awakened by vomiting, followed by herbs to descend Heart Fire, tonify Kidney Water, and harmonize blood/qi. Other Jue types follow similar principles. Do not mistake them for Wind-Qi disorders.