发热无汗，是病之邪在表也。内热便硬，是病之邪在里也。昼烦热而夜安静，是阳旺于阳分，其病在阳。
夜烦热而昼安静，是阳陷于阴分，其病在阴。喜冷恶热，皆属阳病，故为热也。喜热恶冷，皆属阴病，故为寒也。
胃壮者能食，胃弱者不能食。胃干燥者口渴，胃湿盛者口不渴。
大便稠粘，秽气难闻者，是内有滞热，病从热化也。
小便清白不赤，为虚寒，病从寒化也。
耳梢冷，尻骨冷，四肢发冷，此痘疹欲发之候。如单指梢发冷者，此惊痫将作之征。肚腹热闷主内热，手足
厥冷主中寒。
小儿无故皱眉曲腰啼者，主内因腹痛，又当按其或软或硬，若喜按者为虚，不喜按者为实。
两耳常常发热者，主外因风热。
解颅者，谓头缝开解而颅不合也。此由先天肾气不足之故。肾主骨髓，而脑为髓海，肾气不足，则脑髓不足，
故颅为之开解也。古法用六味地黄丸（如熟地、山萸、山药、丹皮、茯苓、泽
泻）或用加味八物汤（如参、术、苓、草、芎、归、芍、地，加酒炒芩、连），煎服。外用天南星，微炮为末，
醋调涂绯帛，贴于头上。炙手频熨。或用干姜、细辛、桂心，研末，和生姜汁涂之。以合为度。
〔真按〕脑不满而颅不合，中陷而角四起，如古钱之形，儿无脑髓，犹树无根，不过千日则成废人。此儿
长必少笑，宜于千日内急治之，暑月可服六味地黄丸，冬天则宜服补天大造丸，以人参、黄 、白术、枣仁、当
归、山药、茯苓、枸杞、熟地、再加龟鹿二胶，熬膏服之。外以柏子仁、防风、南星，研末，醋调摊红 上，看
颅门大小剪贴。干则用热醋润湿，或用茵陈、车前子、百合，为末，以乌牛乳汁调涂足心及头缝开处，一日一换。
更有一法，只用头巾裹护，服汤剂不敷外药，俟气血渐充。自无不合矣。
Fever without sweating indicates that the pathogenic factor is at the exterior. Internal heat with hard stools indicates that the pathogenic factor is in the interior. Irritability and fever during the day with calmness at night indicate that Yang Qi (vital energy) is flourishing in the Yang aspect, and the disease is in the Yang. Irritability and fever at night with calmness during the day indicate that Yang Qi has sunk into the Yin aspect, and the disease is in the Yin. Preference for cold and aversion to heat all belong to Yang diseases, thus manifesting as Heat syndromes. Preference for warmth and aversion to cold all belong to Yin diseases, thus manifesting as Cold syndromes. Those with strong Stomach Qi can eat; those with weak Stomach Qi cannot eat. Those with dry Stomach feel thirsty; those with excessive Dampness in the Stomach do not feel thirsty.
Thick, sticky stools with a foul odor indicate internal stagnation of Heat, meaning the pathology transforms from Heat. Clear, white urine that is not red indicates Deficiency-Cold, meaning the pathology transforms from Cold.
Coldness at the tips of the ears, coldness at the sacrum, and cold limbs are signs that smallpox or measles are about to erupt. If only the fingertips are cold, it is a sign that convulsions or epilepsy are about to occur. Heat and stuffiness in the abdomen indicate internal Heat; cold extremities indicate middle Jiao Cold.
Infants who frown and bend their waists while crying without cause typically suffer from internal abdominal pain. One should palpate the abdomen to determine if it is soft or hard; if the infant prefers pressure, it is a Deficiency pattern; if they dislike pressure, it is an Excess pattern.
Constant heat in both ears indicates external Wind-Heat invasion.
Jie Lu (Splayed Cranial Sutures), refers to the splitting open of cranial sutures where the skull fails to close. This is due to congenital insufficiency of Kidney Qi (Kidney Vital Energy). The Kidneys govern bone marrow, and the brain is the Sea of Marrow. Insufficiency of Kidney Qi leads to insufficient brain marrow, causing the cranial sutures to split open. Ancient methods prescribe Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill, containing Shu Di Huang, Shan Zhu Yu, Shan Yao, Mu Dan Pi, Fu Ling, Ze Xie) or Jiawei Bawu Tang (Modified Eight Substance Decoction, containing Ren Shen, Bai Zhu, Fu Ling, Gan Cao, Chuan Xiong, Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Shu Di Huang, plus Jiu Chao Huang Qin, Lian Zi), decocted and taken orally. For external application, Tian Nan Xing (Arisaema Rhizome) is slightly roasted, ground into powder, mixed with vinegar, applied to red silk, and pasted onto the head. The area is frequently warmed by rubbing hands together and pressing on it. Alternatively, Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), Xi Xin (Asarum), and Gui Xin (Cinnamon Heart) are ground into powder and mixed with fresh ginger juice for topical application. Treatment continues until the sutures close.
[Commentary by Zhen] When the brain is underdeveloped and the skull does not close, with a central depression and raised corners resembling an ancient coin, the infant lacks brain marrow. Just as a tree without roots will perish, such a child will become disabled within a thousand days. Such children will likely smile rarely as they grow. Urgent treatment is required within the first thousand days. In summer, Liuwei Dihuang Wan may be taken; in winter, Butian Dazao Wan (Heaven-Replenishing Great Creation Pill) is suitable. This formula contains Ren Shen, Huang Qi, Bai Zhu, Suan Zao Ren, Dang Gui, Shan Yao, Fu Ling, Gou Qi Zi, Shu Di Huang, along with Gui Ban Jiao (Tortoise Shell Glue) and Lu Jiao Jiao (Deer Antler Glue), prepared as a paste. For external use, Bai Zi Ren (Biota Seed), Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root), and Nan Xing (Arisaema) are ground into powder, mixed with vinegar, spread on red silk, cut to fit the fontanelle size, and applied. If dry, moisten with warm vinegar. Alternatively, Yin Chen (Artemisia Capillaris), Che Qian Zi (Plantago Seed), and Bai He (Lily Bulb) are ground into powder and mixed with black cow's milk for application to the soles of the feet and the open cranial sutures, changed once daily.
Another method involves merely wrapping the head with a cloth for protection, administering herbal decoctions without external applications, allowing Qi and Blood to gradually replenish, after which natural closure will occur.