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Pediatric Ascaris Gan (Infantile Malnutrition due to Ascaris), caused by excessive consumption of raw, cold, greasy, and rich sweet foods, leading to the generation of damp-heat and the breeding of Ascaris lumbricoides. The worms disturb the abdomen, resulting in symptoms such as occasional irritability and crying, abdominal colic, lips appearing either red or pale, overflow of clear saliva, abdominal distension with visible subcutaneous veins, and moist, itchy anus. Ancient methods primarily recommend using *Shi Junzi San* (Quisqualis Powder) first [Formula: Quisqualis fruit flesh (10 pieces), stir-fried on a tile until powdered; Toosendan fruit (5 pieces), soaked and pitted; White Melia powder (1 qian); Licorice node (1 qian); Soaked overnight in pig bile, then ground together into fine powder. Take 1 qian per dose, mixed with water].

If ineffective, ancient methods further recommend *Xia Chong Wan* (Worm-Expelling Pills) [Formula: Fresh white bark of *Melia azedarach* root (preferred), soaked in wine and dried; *Aucklandiae Radix*; Peach kernel, soaked, peeled, and de-seeded; *Cyathulae Radix* (green variety); Stir-fried *Tso-wu-yen*; Chicken-heart Areca nut, each 2 qian; Calomelas (0.5 qian); Stir-fried *Chrysanthemi Flos* (1 qian); Dried toad, stir-fried until black (3 qian); Quisqualis fruit without flesh (3 qian). Ground into fine powder, formed into pills with wheat paste, size of hemp seeds. Take 20 pills per dose, washed down with boiling plain water].

[Commentary by Chen Shouzhen]: Infantile Gan due to accumulated heat generating worms presents, in addition to the aforementioned symptoms, with frowning and frequent crying, abdominal masses that feel hard upon palpation. In such cases, use the previously proposed *Ji Gan Ben Fang* (Primary Formula for Spinal Gan). However, after expelling worms, the Spleen must be regulated and tonified. The formula consists of Western Codonopsis (2 qian), Cloud Poria (3 qian), Stir-fried Yuqian Atractylodes (3 qian), Stir-fried Lablab bean (3 qian), Stir-fried Coix seed (3 qian), Stir-fried Chinese Yam (3 qian), Tangerine peel with white pith retained (3 qian), Bitter Platycodon root (2 qian), Honey-fried Licorice (1 qian), Jian Lotus seed (5 qian), Amomum powder (0.8 fen). Ground into fine powder. Take 1 qian per dose, mixed with old rice soup.

Pediatric Wugu Gan (Innocent Gan), has two etiological sources: one is due to laundry being exposed to late dew, contaminated by feathers from the "Wugu bird"; when the infant wears these clothes, this condition arises. The other is transmission from a sick wet nurse to the infant. Symptoms include sores on the neck or elastic-sized nodules within the neck that are movable upon pressure, soft but painless, containing worm-like substances resembling rice flour. If not promptly ruptured and expelled, allowing the worms to erode the viscera, it leads to purulent bloody stools, emaciation, sallow complexion, and fever. Ancient methods primarily recommend using *Chaihu Yin* (Bupleurum Decoction) to clear heat first [Formula: Bupleurum, Red Peony Root, Coptis, Ginger-processed Pinellia, Platycodon, Prunella vulgaris, Gentian, Zhejiang Fritillary Bulb, Scutellaria, Raw Licorice, with Rapeseed stem as an adjuvant].

Subsequently, use *Lushui Fei'er Wan* (Aloe Child-Nourishing Pills) to eliminate Gan [Formula: Five-grain insect (2 liang), Raw Aloe, Stir-fried Picrorhiza, Ginger-stir-fried Coptis, each 1 liang; Stir-fried Silver Chaihu (1.2 liang); Stir-fried Lablab bean, Stir-fried Chinese Yam, each 2 liang; Southern Hawthorn (2.5 liang); Four toads; Baked Nutmeg (0.7 qian); Pointed Areca nut (0.5 qian); Stir-fried Quisqualis (2.5 liang); Stir-fried Medicated Leaven (2 liang); Stir-fried Malt (2 liang); Stir-fried Chrysanthemi Flos (0.8 qian); Stir-fried Tso-wu-yen (1 liang); Calcined Cinnabar (0.2 qian); Real Musk (0.2 qian). Ground into fine powder, formed into pills with vinegar paste, size of millet grains. Take 1 qian per dose, taken with rice drink].

[Commentary by Chen Shouzhen]: Although Wugu Gan has two causes, the pathology is identical. The treatment principle is to clear heat and eliminate Gan; there is no need to strictly separate the steps. The formula uses: Quisqualis (2 qian), Raw Aloe (1 qian), Dried Toad,酥-roasted (1.5 qian), Honey-fried Astragalus (1 qian), Honey-fried Turtle Shell, powdered (1.5 qian), Pointed Areca nut (0.8 fen), Ginger-processed Coptis (0.5 fen), Prunella vulgaris (1.5 qian), Zhejiang Fritillary Bulb (2 qian), Red Peony Root (1.5 qian), Bitter Platycodon root (1 qian), with five Rapeseed stems as an adjuvant.