（首叙四诊要言）
额上属心火居南。左颊属肝木居东。鼻准属脾土居中。右颊属肺金居西。颏下属肾水居北。
青为肝色，如面青病在肝，主多腹痛，又主惊风之证。赤为心色，如面赤病在心，主火热。黄为脾色，如面黄病
在脾，主伤食。白为肺色，如面白病在肺，主虚寒。黑为肾色。如面黑病在肾，主痛，若黑而无润色，多是恶候。
舌乃心之苗，红紫为心热，肿黑为心火，淡白为心虚。
鼻准与牙床乃脾之窍，鼻红燥为心热，鼻惨黄为脾败，牙床红肿为脾热，牙床破烂为心火。
唇亦脾之窍，红紫为脾热，淡白为脾虚，黑为脾将绝，口左扯为肝风，口右扯为脾之痰。
五声者，笑、呼、歌、悲、呻。内应心、肝、脾、肺、肾五脏也。五声不和，则五脏有病之情毕露矣。
心属火，病则声急喜笑。肝属木，病则声狂叫多呼。脾属土，病则声颤轻如歌。肺属金，病则声悲音浊。
肾属水，病则其声长细如呻吟。有声有泪，声长曰哭。有声无泪，声短曰啼。啼而不哭则气不伸畅，主腹痛。哭
而不啼则气急心烦，将成惊也。 煎不安者，乃心经内热，故烦躁不宁也。嗄声者，哑也，声重音浊，此为外
感风寒也。
有余之证其气实，故声雄大而壮丽。不足之证其气虚，故声怯弱而轻短。
多言，其身热，皆阳也。阳主腑，故曰阳腑证也。
懒语与身凉，皆阴也。阴主脏，故曰阴脏证也。
狂言焦燥者，邪热盛也。神昏谵语者，热乘于心，故曰病势重也。鸭声音，声在喉中而哑，气将绝也。有声
音，声无回转而急，气将散也。
(First, the essential principles of the Four Diagnostic Methods are narrated.)
The forehead belongs to Heart Fire and is situated in the South. The left cheek belongs to Liver Wood and is situated in the East. The tip of the nose belongs to Spleen Earth and is situated in the Center. The right cheek belongs to Lung Metal and is situated in the West. The chin belongs to Kidney Water and is situated in the North.
Green is the color of the Liver; if the face appears green, the disease is in the Liver, primarily indicating frequent abdominal pain, and also indicating convulsive disorders (Jing Feng). Red is the color of the Heart; if the face appears red, the disease is in the Heart, primarily indicating Heat-Fire. Yellow is the color of the Spleen; if the face appears yellow, the disease is in the Spleen, primarily indicating food retention. White is the color of the Lung; if the face appears pale, the disease is in the Lung, indicating deficiency-cold. Black is the color of the Kidney; if the face appears black, the disease is in the Kidney, indicating pain. If the complexion is black without luster, it is mostly a malignant prognosis.
The tongue is the sprout of the Heart; redness and purpleness indicate Heart Heat, swelling and blackening indicate Heart Fire, and paleness indicates Heart Deficiency.
The tip of the nose and the gums are orifices of the Spleen; a red and dry nasal tip indicates Heart Heat, a sallow and dull nasal tip indicates Spleen failure, swollen and red gums indicate Spleen Heat, and ulcerated or broken gums indicate Heart Fire ascending.
The lips are also orifices of the Spleen; redness and purpleness indicate Spleen Heat, paleness indicates Spleen Deficiency, and blackness indicates impending exhaustion of Spleen Qi. Deviation of the mouth corner to the left indicates internal stirring of Liver Wind, while deviation to the right indicates phlegm in the Spleen.
The Five Sounds refer to laughter, shouting, singing, weeping, and groaning. They internally correspond to the Zang organs of the Heart, Liver, Spleen, Lung, and Kidney. If the Five Sounds are discordant, the pathological conditions of the five Zang organs will be fully revealed.
The Heart belongs to Fire; when diseased, the voice is urgent and prone to laughter. The Liver belongs to Wood; when diseased, the voice is wild and loud with frequent shouting. The Spleen belongs to Earth; when diseased, the voice trembles and is light, resembling singing. The Lung belongs to Metal; when diseased, the voice is sorrowful and turbid.
The Kidney belongs to Water; when diseased, the voice is long and thin, resembling groaning. A sound accompanied by tears, which is long, is called "Ku" (crying loudly). A sound without tears, which is short, is called "Ti" (crying softly). Crying without loud wailing implies stagnant Qi, primarily indicating abdominal pain. Wailing without soft crying implies rapid breathing and mental restlessness, suggesting the onset of convulsions.
Restlessness and irritability stem from internal Heat in the Heart Meridian, hence the state of vexation and unrest. Hoarseness refers to aphonia; a heavy and turbid voice indicates an external contraction of Wind-Cold.
In excess syndromes, Qi is solid, so the voice is robust, loud, and majestic. In deficiency syndromes, Qi is weak, so the voice is timid, weak, light, and short.
Excessive talking accompanied by body heat all belong to Yang. Yang governs the Fu organs, thus termed Yang-Fu syndrome.
Reluctance to speak accompanied by cool body temperature all belong to Yin. Yin governs the Zang organs, thus termed Yin-Zang syndrome.
Delirious speech with agitation indicates flourishing pathogenic Heat. Confusion with delirious speech indicates Heat invading the Heart, thus termed severe disease progression. A quacking sound, where the voice originates in the throat and is hoarse, indicates the exhaustion of vital Qi. A vocalization that lacks resonance and is rapid indicates the dispersion of vital Qi.