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Difficulty 39 asks: The classic texts state that there are five Fu organs and six Zang organs. What is the meaning of this? The answer is: There are indeed only five regular Fu organs. However, there is also a concept of six Zang organs, referring to the fact that the Kidney has two parts. The left side is called the Kidney (Shen), and the right side is called the Mingmen (Gate of Life). The Mingmen is where the Spirit (Shen) resides; in men, it stores Essence (Jing), and in women, it connects to the Baozhong (uterus/womb). Its Qi communicates with the Kidney. Therefore, it is said that there are six Zang organs. Why then are there said to be five Fu organs? The answer is: Each of the five Zang organs corresponds to one Fu organ. The Sanjiao (Triple Burner) is also a Fu organ, but it does not directly belong to any specific Zang organ. Thus, it is said that there are five Fu organs.

Difficulty 40 asks: The classic texts state that the Liver governs color perception, the Heart governs smell, the Spleen governs taste, the Lung governs sound, and the Kidney governs fluids. The nose is the external indicator of the Lung, yet it perceives odors; the ear is the external indicator of the Kidney, yet it hears sounds. What is the rationale behind this? The answer is: The Lung belongs to Metal in the West. Metal is born in Si (the Snake hour/direction associated with Fire). Si corresponds to Fire in the South. Fire corresponds to the Heart. Since the Heart governs smell, this allows the nose to perceive odors. The Kidney belongs to Water in the North. Water is born in Shen (the Monkey hour/direction associated with Metal). Shen corresponds to Metal in the West. Metal corresponds to the Lung. Since the Lung governs sound, this allows the ear to hear sounds.

Difficulty 41 asks: The Liver uniquely has two lobes. What does this correspond to? The answer is: The Liver belongs to Wood in the East. Wood corresponds to Spring. When all things begin to grow, they are still young and tender. Their intent has no specific attachment; they are close to Taiyin (Winter/Water) but far from Taiyang (Summer/Fire). It is as if they have two hearts undecided. Therefore, it has two lobes, which also corresponds to the leaves of trees.

Difficulty 42 asks: What are the lengths of the human intestines and stomach, and how much water and grain can they hold? The answer is: The Stomach has a large diameter of 1 chi 5 cun, an inner diameter of 5 cun, and a length of 2 chi 6 cun. Its curved portion can hold 3 dou 5 sheng of water and grain, typically containing 2 dou of grain and 1 dou 5 sheng of water. The Small Intestine has a large diameter of 2.5 cun, an inner diameter of 8 fen plus one-third of a fen, and a length of 3 zhang 2 chi. It can hold 2 dou 4 sheng of grain and 6 sheng 3 he plus two-thirds of a he of water. The Hui Chang (returning intestine) has a large diameter of 4 cun, an inner diameter of 1.5 cun, and a length of 2 zhang 1 chi. It can hold 1 dou of grain and 7.5 sheng of water. The Guang Chang (broad intestine) has a large diameter of 8 cun, an inner diameter of 2.5 cun, and a length of 2 chi 8 cun. It can hold 9 sheng 3 he plus one-eighth of a he of grain. Thus, the total length of the stomach and intestines is 5 zhang 8 chi 4 cun, and their combined capacity for water and grain is 8 dou 7 sheng 6 he plus one-eighth of a he. These are the measurements of length and capacity for the stomach and intestines.

The Liver weighs 2 jin 4 liang, has three lobes on the left and four on the right, totaling seven lobes. It primarily stores Hun (Ethereal Soul). The Heart weighs 12 liang, has seven orifices and three hairs, holds 3 he of essence fluid, and primarily stores Shen (Spirit). The Spleen weighs 2 jin 3 liang, is flat and wide 3 cun, long 5 cun, and has half a jin of loose pancreas (sangao). It primarily wraps blood, warms the five Zang organs, and stores Yi (Intellect). The Lung weighs 3 jin 3 liang, has six lobes and two ear-like structures, totaling eight lobes. It primarily stores Po (Corporeal Soul). The Kidneys are two in number, weighing 1 jin 1 liang each, and primarily store Zhi (Will). The Gallbladder is located between the short lobes of the Liver, weighs 3 liang 3 zhu, and holds 3 he of essence fluid. The Stomach weighs 2 jin 2 liang, is tortuous and flexible, is 2 chi 6 cun long, has a large diameter of 1 chi 5 cun and an inner diameter of 5 cun, and holds 2 dou of grain and 1 dou 5 sheng of water. The Small Intestine weighs 2 jin 14 liang, is 3 zhang 2 chi long, wide 2.5 cun, with an inner diameter of 8 fen plus one-third of a fen. It loops back sixteen times, holding 2 dou 4 sheng of grain and 6 sheng 3 he plus two-thirds of a he of water. The Large Intestine weighs 2 jin 12 liang, is 2 zhang 1 chi long, wide 4 cun, with an inner diameter of 1 cun. It loops back sixteen times at the navel, holding 1 dou of grain and 7.5 sheng of water. The Bladder weighs 9 liang 2 zhu, is 9 cun in both longitudinal and transverse dimensions, and holds 9 sheng 9 he of urine. The mouth is 2.5 cun wide. From lips to teeth, it is 9 fen long. From behind the teeth to the epiglottis, it is 3.5 cun deep with a capacity of 5 he. The tongue weighs 10 liang, is 7 cun long and 2.5 cun wide. The pharynx gate weighs 12 liang, is 2.5 cun wide, and extends 1 chi 6 cun to the stomach. The larynx/trachea weighs 12 liang, is 2 cun wide, 1 chi 2 cun long, and has nine segments. The anus weighs 12 liang, has a large diameter of 8 cun, an inner diameter of 2.5 cun plus half, is 2 chi 8 cun long, and can hold 9 sheng 3 he plus one-eighth of a he of grain.