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Treatment for tetanus (Po-shang feng).
Centipede with golden head (one piece, remove head and feet, stir-fry) Gastrodia elata (Tianma, 5 qian) Aconitum kusnezoffii root (Caowutou, remove rhizome, 5 qian) Angelica dahurica (Xiangbaizhi, a small amount)
Scorpion (Quanxie, ten pieces)
Grind the above herbs into fine powder. Take one "yi zi" (a traditional unit of weight, approx. 0.3-0.6g) per dose. If feverish, take with clear tea; if chills are present, take with warm wine; or take with decoction of Pinellia ternata (Banxia) and Poria cocos (Fuling).

For treating tetanus, blood stasis in the heart, and needle embedded in flesh, this prescription is miraculous. Use crow feathers burned to ash, preserving their medicinal nature, grind finely, and take 1 qian with wine, or with plain boiled water.

Wei Feng syndrome (Stomach Wind), caused by exposure to wind and cold after eating, presents with abdominal distension and inability to swallow food. The body is emaciated while the abdomen is enlarged, there is aversion to wind and sweating on the head, and obstruction in the chest and diaphragm. The pulse at the right Guan position is wiry, slow, and floating. It is appropriate to use Wei Feng Tang as the primary treatment. It is also said: The symptom of Wei Feng where vomiting worsens upon treatment is indicative of this condition. This usually results from a long-term preference for sweet foods and rich, greasy meats, which accumulate heat over time and generate wind; it does not happen overnight. It is appropriate to use 1 liang of Chuanwu (Aconitum carmichaelii lateral root), washed clean, skin and umbilicus removed but tip retained. Boil in one bowl of fermented grain water until dry. Cut each piece into two slices, then boil again in one bowl of fermented grain water until the liquid is consumed. Cut into four slices. Chew one slice thoroughly and swallow with a little warm water. After a short while, vomiting will cease. Ancient texts describe treatment methods thus; clinicians should apply them judiciously.

When wind-cold enters the intestines and stomach, it causes passage of bright red blood. Intestinal and stomach damp-toxin causes discharge resembling bean curd dregs.
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) Poria cocos (Fuling) Ligusticum wallichii (Chuanxiong) Angelica sinensis (Danggui) Cinnamomi Ramulus (Gui) Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) Paeonia lactiflora (Baishao) (all in equal parts) Add 100 grains of millet, decoct in water and take. If abdominal pain occurs, add Costus root (Muxiang).

The *Classic* states: The three pathogens—wind, cold, and dampness—mix and combine to form Bi syndrome (Obstruction Syndrome). When wind is predominant, it is called Xing Bi (Wandering Bi), characterized by wandering and不定 (uncertain) pain, now called moving injection pain, commonly known as Liu Huo (Flowing Fire) and Li Jie Feng (Joint Wind). When cold is predominant, it is called Tong Bi (Painful Bi), characterized by severe pain and joint swelling, known in the world as Tong Feng (Wind-Pain/Gout) and Bai Hu Fei Shi (White Tiger Flying Corpse). When dampness is predominant, it is called Zhuo Bi (Fixed Bi), characterized by staying in one place without moving, known in the world as Ma Mu Bu Ren (Numbness and Insensitivity) or pain fixed in one location that never shifts. Generally, wind affects Yang, hence Bi moves; cold affects Yin; dampness affects skin, muscle, sinew, and bone, hence Bi is fixed and persistent, causing insensitivity of the skin. Thus, Bi arises from wind, cold, and dampness.

The *Classic* further states: Encountering these in winter results in Gu Bi (Bone Bi); in spring, Jin Bi (Sinew Bi); in summer, Mai Bi (Vessel Bi); during the late summer (Zhi Yin), Ji Bi (Muscle Bi); and in autumn, Pi Bi (Skin Bi). These are named according to the season encountered and the site of invasion. This correlates seasons with the organs they correspond to; "Zhi Yin" refers to the sixth month. It also states: Invasion of the Zang organs leads to death; lingering between sinews and bones causes prolonged pain; lingering in the skin is easily cured. It also states: Pain indicates excessive cold; because there is cold, there is pain. Lack of pain and numbness indicates that pain has been deep for a long time, Ying and Wei Qi flow is sluggish, and meridians are occasionally empty, hence no pain; skin lacks nourishment, hence numbness. Generally, Bi in bone causes heaviness; in vessels, blood coagulates and stagnates; in sinews, flexion and extension are impaired; in muscles, there is numbness; in skin, there is cold. Therefore, these five types do not necessarily cause pain. All Bi types contract when exposed to cold and relax when exposed to heat. This is fundamentally due to internal deficiency; it can be named Wind-Bi but cannot be treated solely as wind pathogen.

The General Principles state: Wind-Bi wanders up and down, following deficient evil, clashing with Blood and Qi, gathering at joints, causing sinews and vessels to relax and fail to contract. Cold-Bi causes limb spasms and pain, joint swelling. Damp-Bi stays fixed without moving, with profuse sweating, weak limbs, skin numbness, and mental dullness. Heat-Bi involves heat transferring from Zang organs, combined with external pathogens lodging in meridians, blocking flow. Yang encounters Yin, causing stifling sensation; muscles become extremely hot; the body feels like mice running under the skin; lips and mouth crack; skin color changes. (*The Classic* mentions only Wind-Cold-Damp Bi; the addition of Heat-Bi arises from long-term stagnation transforming into heat within the three pathogens.) When the three pathogens combine to form Bi, skin becomes thick and tough or muscles ache sore. This is evil striking, battling in blood vessels throughout the body. If unceasing for years, it becomes urticaria or wind sores, scratching yields no pain, hair falls out. Treatment should disperse wind and cool blood.
Ultimately, it is due to deficiency of Ying and Wei, allowing external pathogens to linger, condensing Blood and Qi. Generally, excess dampness causes swelling; excess heat causes pain. Yin deficiency leads to wiry-rapid pulse, worsening at night; Yang deficiency leads to void-large pulse, worsening during the day.

Bi means obstruction. The righteous Qi of the Five Zang and Six Fu organs is obstructed by evil pathogens, leading to Bi and insensitivity. Although there are five types of Bi, it mostly occurs in people with weak constitutions, where pores are loose, allowing wind, cold, and dampness to invade skin, vessels, muscles, sinews, and bones. Unable to disperse them promptly, they stay inside, forming Bi over time. In its pathology, excess cold causes pulling pain; excess wind causes radiating pain; excess dampness causes heaviness and fixation. However, wind, cold, and dampness invading meridians cause various diseases: some painful, some itchy, some numb and insensitive, some with weak limbs. This is due to differences in new/old severity and the presence of damp-phlegm or dead blood. Treatment requires combining attack and tonification, addressing both root and branch. Hou Gui (thin cinnamon bark) has mild flavor and travels horizontally in arms; Nanxing (Arisaema cum Bile) and Cangzhu (Atractylodes lancea) reach the pain site effectively; Weilingxian (Symplocos racemosa) treats upper body gout; Hanfangji (Stephania tetrandra) treats lower body gout. However, weak patients must also take Qi and Blood tonics to effectively transport the medicinal force.

Tong Feng (Wind-Pain), ancient name Tong Bi, commonly called Bai Hu Li Jie Feng (White Tiger Joint-Walking Wind), refers to wandering pain in the limbs and joints. Qi flows outside vessels, Blood flows inside. Daytime Qi travels Yang 25 cycles, nighttime travels Yin 25 cycles. Cold slows flow, causing delay; heat speeds flow, causing excess. Internal injury and external contraction trigger disease. In Tong Feng, Blood is heated and boiling. If one then wades in cold, gets wet, or seeks coolness, hot blood meets cold, becoming turbid and obstructed. Ying and Wei struggle to circulate, creating firm blockage, evil and righteous Qi clash, causing pain. Night pain is severe because Qi travels in Yin at night. Treatment should use pungent, fierce, and potent agents to scatter cold-damp, open depression, move Qi, break stasis, resolve phlegm, soothe wind, harmonize Blood, and open pores. Once depression opens, Blood flows and Qi harmonizes, healing naturally. Generally, excess requires dispersing and attacking evil; deficiency requires tonifying Qi and Blood. However, treatments vary. It may be due to wind-heat, phlegm, wind-damp, Blood deficiency, or damp-phlegm/turbid blood flowing downward. For lower Jiao diseases with distant pathways, only strong Qi herbs like Wutou (Aconitum) and Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root) can guide the medicine. Using them as main treatments is futile. Overall, limb joint swelling and pain result from wind-cold invading meridians, stagnating into damp-heat flow. Pain inside joints is Fire; swelling is Damp. Treatment should disperse wind and dry damp, assist with regulating and tonifying Qi and Blood to aid drug transport, and finally nourish Liver and Kidney to strengthen sinews and bones. This is the treatment. However, if pain is knife-like, it indicates evil-righteous struggle. If completely painless, evil and righteous have merged, resting peacefully (critical or chronic latent stage).

*Neijing* discusses Bi: Four seasons' commands can all be evil; Five Zang Qi can all be diseased. Among Six Qi, wind, cold, and damp account for half. "Mixing and combining" implies no single pathogen causes Bi alone. It also says wind/cold/damp predominance distinguishes severity. Skin, muscle, sinew, bone, vessel each correspond to a Zang. Initial disease is exterior; if prolonged, it enters corresponding Zang. Exterior removal is easy; interior attack is difficult. Treating exterior prioritizes dispersing evil; treating interior prioritizes supporting righteousness. Treating Xing Bi focuses on dispersing wind; controlling cold and drying damp is still necessary. Generally, combine with Blood-tonifying formulas, for treating wind requires treating Blood first; when Blood flows, wind extinguishes itself. Treating Tong Bi focuses on dispersing cold; dispersing wind and drying damp is indispensable. Generally, combine with Fire-tonifying formulas; only large pungent-warm herbs can relieve congealed cold harm. Treating Zhuo Bi focuses on draining damp; dispelling wind and resolving cold is indispensable. Generally, combine with Spleen-Qi tonifying formulas, for strong Earth overcomes damp, and sufficient Qi eliminates stubborn numbness. After symptoms recede, practice moderation in desires to preserve essence, avoid cold to expel external evil, abstain from alcohol and wheat to prevent damp-heat, take tonics to generate Qi and Blood, and the disease will not recur.

Bi syndrome presents with sinew spasm and immobility, muscle numbness, similar to Wind syndrome. But Wind affects Yang, Bi affects Yin, hence Bi is often heavy and deeply painful. Among the three pathogens, wind predominance creates Xing Bi, wandering without staying, affecting any joint, moving pain every few days, commonly called Liu Huo or Bai Hu Feng, describing pain like tiger bites, lighter by day, heavier by night. Cold predominance creates Tong Bi, blood-vessel cold coagulation, pain fixed in one spot, commonly called Bai Hu Fei Shi. Damp predominance creates Zhuo Bi, meridian blockage, muscle numbness progressing to insensitivity (Bu Ren). *Classic* names Bi based on season and site, not implying separate Bone/Sinew Bi beyond Wandering/Pain/Fixed. Cui Zixu said: Wind-cold-damp combine to form Bi; floating-tight-and-choppy pulses indicate pure Yin symptoms like heavy, fixed pain. Treatment should use Yang-supporting and warming-dispersing agents.

*Ling Shu* states: Wei Qi not flowing causes numbness. Danxi stated: Numa (Ma) is Qi deficiency; Mumu (Mu) is damp-phlegm and dead blood. Thus, Ma and Mu are subdivisions of insensitivity. There are cases of both Qi and Blood deficiency. Only Ma without Mu can occur from deficiency contracting damp, or simultaneous Ma and Mu. Also, deficiency contracting wind-cold-damp causes whole-body pulling pain and simultaneous numbness. Ancient formula calls this Zhou Bi (Circulating Bi); treatment should sweat first, then tonify. Treat by analogy. Numa is the beginning of insensitivity. Ma is slight Mu; Mu is severe Ma. Ancient formula calls it Ma Bi. *Yuan Bing Shi* states: Ma is like涩 (astringency/choppy). Due to fluid depletion and dryness, Qi and Blood stagnate and cannot flow smoothly. Strong Qi attacks causing Ma. Folk remedies use Wutou/Fuzi to violently move Qi, opening pathways, allowing Middle Qi to flow, curing Ma. However, Wutou/Fuzi only warm and move; they must be combined with tonification, for Ma/Mu always stems from Qi and Blood deficiency. Some say Ma/Mu is Wind, even children agree. But sitting long and standing up causes numbness; releasing tight binding causes numbness, resolving spontaneously. This is not Wind evil, but Qi non-flow. Do not treat Wind; tonify Lung Qi instead, and numbness resolves. Some have Yin Fire attacking Yang, fire stirring internally causing numbness; treat Yin Fire, and it heals. No need to specifically clear fire or nourish Yin; fire subsides naturally. Generally, excess pulses, Bi is exterior; deficient pulses, Bi is interior.

Wind is the Qi of four seasons and eight directions, entering via nose, Heaven's Qi. Phlegm is taste of grains and foods, entering via mouth, Earth's Qi結 from Spleen-Stomach damp. Thus, wind-predominant treats wind first; phlegm-predominant treats phlegm first; if equal, treat wind and phlegm together. This is fixed rule. *Classic* says: Wind harms humans, first enters skin-hair, then muscle, then sinew-vessel, then bone-marrow. Good doctors treat skin-hair first, then muscle. Thus, entering from right gradually to left. Skin-hair governed by Right Lung; Muscle by Right Stomach; Sinew-Vessel by Left Liver; Bone-Marrow by Left Kidney. Entering from outside goes deeper. Treating skin/muscle prevents deep invasion. Also: Damp harms humans, starts from feet, ascending from below,不分左右 (no left/right distinction). Entering from outside, drive out gradually; ascending from below, drive down gradually. This is treatment.

Ten fingers numbness: Danxi said: Stomach has damp-phlegm and dead blood. Use Er Chen Tang plus Cangzhu, Baizhu, Taoren, Honghua, Fuzi.
If leg/foot or shoulder/back has a patch of muscle numbness: Yang Qi insufficient to circulate, causing Yin-cold stagnation.
General body itching due to deficiency: Blood fails to nourish Couli (pores/skin interspaces). Use Si Wu Tang plus Huangqin decocted, mixed with Fuping (Lemna minor) powder.