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Jia Dan (Clasping Erythema) is caused by excessive heat in the blood level. If it appears before the eruption of smallpox, only lifting and dispersing methods should be used, employing herbs such as Arnebiae Radix et Rhizoma (Zicao), Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma), Plantaginis Semen (Nianzi), Bombyx Batryticatus (Chantui), Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Schizonepetae Herba (Jingjie), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng), and Puerariae Radix (Gange). Once the smallpox erupts, the erythema will naturally fade. Overuse of cold and bitter drugs will cause the smallpox to be frozen and unable to erupt.

If it occurs three or four days after the eruption, cooling blood and detoxifying methods should be used, employing herbs such as Rehmanniae Radix (Shengdi), Arctii Fructus (Niubangzi), Akebiae Caulis (Mutong), Schizonepetae Herba (Jingjie), Rhinocerotis Cornu (Xijiao), and Arnebiae Radix et Rhizoma (Zicao). However, one must also observe the color: red-purple indicates extreme heat; white indicates phlegm-dampness. As for blue-black, it is incurable.

Ying (Goiter-like swelling), also known as Yi Du (Poison of the Jaw/Neck), often presents as a small lump appearing a few days before smallpox eruption. Its color is similar to normal flesh, without redness, swelling, or pain. It requires urgent treatment; otherwise, when the smallpox needs to be pushed out, this toxic swelling may ulcerate first, causing the smallpox to sink and fail to rise. In severe cases, even on the eighth or ninth day of smallpox, the flesh and swelling may protrude together without pus, which is an extremely critical condition. This is caused by deficiency fire carrying phlegm. Therefore, it is appropriate to use Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus (Beimu), Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma (Huafen), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), and Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng) to clear and resolve the condition preemptively to avoid future complications.

The syndrome of Jia Ying (Smallpox with Clasping Goiter) is mostly formed by the coagulation of smallpox toxin and phlegm toxin. It may knot in the neck, behind the ears, or in the axilla, ranging from the size of a peach to a plum. Initially, symptoms are normal, but subsequently, high fever, restlessness, and thirst appear, becoming critical. If Ying appears on the third or fourth day of smallpox, the toxin will discharge with the smallpox, and pus will fill with the eruption, allowing recovery without harm. Thus, treatment should focus on treating the smallpox. If Ying is red, swollen, and about to suppurate while the smallpox is also emerging, once the toxin and pus rupture, the primordial Qi will be severely depleted, making it impossible for the smallpox to fill and erupt. The treatment method should primarily tonify Yuan Qi and support the expulsion of toxins, combined with resolving phlegm and detoxifying. If Ying appears on the seventh or eighth day when the smallpox has turned yellow and waxy, rupture is not harmful, but after significant depletion of blood and Qi, protecting Yuan Qi is paramount, assisted by resolving phlegm and detoxifying.

When smallpox is complicated by Fan Chuang (Ordinary Sores), Qi and Blood are plundered by the sores, preventing the smallpox from rising and forming pus. Since sores belong to Yin toxicity and smallpox belongs to Yang toxicity, Yang attacks Yin, erupting where gaps exist. Consequently, the denser and more odorous the smallpox, and the drier the scabs, the less body fluids nourish the skin, leading to blackening and purpling. Wei Qi easily leaks, causing wind-induced itching. Forced lifting opens the pores further, while cold drugs suppress the toxin. In such cases, how should one treat? One must first assess the duration of the sore, the strength of the child's constitution, and the fluctuation of the toxin. If the sore is old and healing at the head or feet, sealing the sore prevents Qi leakage, allowing the smallpox to rise and fill naturally. If the sore just appeared and is densely distributed over the body, clearing heat, cooling blood, and supporting the smallpox is necessary, so the smallpox will flourish vigorously. Excess heat is harmonized, latent toxin is attacked, all primarily supported by greatly tonifying Qi and Blood to ensure continuous pus formation, avoiding dryness and internal invasion. For those resembling fire-burned skin without epidermis or fluid, named Huo Zhuo Chuang (Fire-Scorched Sore), the primary treatment is cooling blood and transforming toxin.