左心小肠肝胆肾,右肺大肠脾胃命。心与小肠居左寸,肝胆同归左关定。肾脉元在左尺中,膀胱是腑常相
应。肺与大肠居右寸,脾胃脉从右关认。心胞右尺配三焦,此为初学入门诀。
左心主血,肝胆肾膀胱皆精血之隧道,故次附之;右肺主气,脾胃命门三焦各以气为运化,故次附之。分
之曰气、曰血,曰脉,总之惟脉营运气血而已。是以气血盛脉盛,气血衰脉衰,气血和脉平,气血乱脉病。由
此知脉乃气血之体,气血乃脉之用也。心与小肠为表里,旺于夏,而位左寸,沉取候心,浮候小肠。肝与胆为
表里,旺于春,而位左关,沉取候肝,浮候胆。肾与膀胱为表里,旺于冬,而位左尺,沉取候肾,浮候膀胱。
肺与大肠为表里,旺于秋,而位右寸,沉取候肺,浮候大肠。脾与胃为表里,旺于四季,而位右关,沉取候脾,
浮候胃。命门与三焦为表里,寄旺于夏,而位右尺,沉取候命门,浮候三焦。然以循环之序言之;则左尺
水生左关木,左关木生左寸火,左寸火接右尺火,右尺火生右关土,右关土生右寸金,右寸金生左尺水,生生
之意不绝,有子母之亲也。若以对待之位言之∶则左寸火克右寸金,左关木克右关土,左尺水克右尺火,左刚
右柔,有夫妇之别也,然左手属阳,右手属阴,左寸君火以尊而在上,右尺相火以卑而在下,有君臣之道也。
三部之中有此自然之理,是以善诊者,诊父而知其子也。
The left cun, guan, and chi positions correspond to the Heart (Xin), Small Intestine (Xiaochang), Liver (Gan), Gallbladder (Dan), and Kidney (Shen); the right cun, guan, and chi positions correspond to the Lung (Fei), Large Intestine (Dachang), Spleen (Pi), Stomach (Wei), and Mingmen (Gate of Life). The Heart and its interiorly-exteriorly related organ, the Small Intestine, are located at the left cun position; the Liver and Gallbladder both belong to the left guan position. The Kidney pulse originally resides in the left chi position, with the Bladder (Pangguang) as its fu-organ corresponding to it. The Lung and Large Intestine are located at the right cun position, while the pulses of the Spleen and Stomach are identified from the right guan position. The Pericardium (Xinbao) is paired with the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) at the right chi position; this is a mnemonic for beginners.
The left-hand pulse primarily reflects blood; the Liver, Gallbladder, Kidney, and Bladder are all channels for the circulation of essence and blood, hence they are discussed subsequently. The right-hand pulse primarily reflects qi; the Spleen, Stomach, Mingmen, and Sanjiao each utilize qi for transformation and transportation, hence they are also discussed subsequently. Separately, there is qi, there is blood, and there is the pulse; in summary, only the pulse can circulate and nourish qi and blood. Therefore, when qi and blood are abundant, the pulse is vigorous; when qi and blood are deficient, the pulse is weak; when qi and blood are harmonious, the pulse is calm; when qi and blood are chaotic, the pulse indicates disease. From this, we know that the pulse is the substance of qi and blood, and qi and blood are the function of the pulse.
The Heart and its interiorly-exteriorly related Small Intestine flourish in summer and are located at the left cun; deep palpation assesses the Heart, while superficial palpation assesses the Small Intestine. The Liver and its interiorly-exteriorly related Gallbladder flourish in spring and are located at the left guan; deep palpation assesses the Liver, while superficial palpation assesses the Gallbladder. The Kidney and its interiorly-exteriorly related Bladder flourish in winter and are located at the left chi; deep palpation assesses the Kidney, while superficial palpation assesses the Bladder. The Lung and its interiorly-exteriorly related Large Intestine flourish in autumn and are located at the right cun; deep palpation assesses the Lung, while superficial palpation assesses the Large Intestine. The Spleen and its interiorly-exteriorly related Stomach flourish during the four seasons (the last eighteen days of each season) and are located at the right guan; deep palpation assesses the Spleen, while superficial palpation assesses the Stomach. The Mingmen and its interiorly-exteriorly related Sanjiao parasitically flourish in summer and are located at the right chi; deep palpation assesses the Mingmen, while superficial palpation assesses the Sanjiao.
However, speaking in terms of the cycle of generation: Water at the left chi generates Wood at the left guan; Wood at the left guan generates Fire at the left cun; Fire at the left cun connects to Fire at the right chi; Fire at the right chi generates Earth at the right guan; Earth at the right guan generates Metal at the right cun; Metal at the right cun generates Water at the left chi. This generative process is unceasing, reflecting the intimacy of mother and child. Speaking in terms of positional opposition: Fire at the left cun overcomes Metal at the right cun; Wood at the left guan overcomes Earth at the right guan; Water at the left chi overcomes Fire at the right chi. The left is firm and the right is yielding, reflecting the distinction between husband and wife. However, the left hand belongs to Yang, and the right hand belongs to Yin. The Ministerial Fire (Junhuo) at the left cun is superior and positioned above; the Assistantal Fire (Xianghuo) at the right chi is humble and positioned below, reflecting the way of ruler and minister. These natural principles exist within the three positions; therefore, a skilled diagnostician, by examining the father, can know about the son.