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Flos Platycodon (Qianfenwu, 1.5 qian) Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata (Wenfen, 0.5 qian, honey-fried), Caulis Petasitae (Qianfenwu, 1.5 qian), Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Qian, 1 qian), Radix Stemonae (Qianfenwu, 1.5 qian), Flos Asteris Tatarici (Qianfenwu, 1.5 qian).
Decoct in water and take orally. If the onset is due to initial wind-cold, add Radix Saposhnikoviae (Fangfeng), Fructus Schizonepetae (Jingjie), and Semen Perillae (Zisuzi).

Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparatum (Sanqian, 3 qian, stir-fried with ginger juice), Poria (Sanqian, 3 qian), Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata (Qian, 1 qian, honey-fried), Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (Pian, 3 slices).
Decoct in water and take orally.

Sore throat presents distinctions between exterior and interior, cold and heat syndromes, which must not be overlooked. When wind-cold resides in the exterior accompanied by sore throat, this indicates wind-fire accumulating in the Lung; Ganjie Tang (Licorice and Platycodon Decoction) should be used, added with Herba Schizonepetae (Jingsai), Radix Saposhnikoviae (Fangfeng), Folium Menthae (Bohe), and Fructus Arctii (Niubangzi) to disperse the pathogen. For Shaoyin interior syndrome accompanied by sore throat, since the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney meridian passes through the throat and surrounds the root of the tongue, treatment must differentiate between cold and heat. In transmitted Shaoyin disease, if there is dry mouth and tongue with pain, it is a heat syndrome; Ganjie Tang is the primary formula, adding Radix Coptidis (Huanglian), Radix Scrophulariae (Yuanshen), and Fructus Arctii (Niubangzi) for severe cases. Generally, Fructus Arctii (Niubangzi) is the principal herb for sore throat. In direct invasion of Shaoyin, due to deficiency-cold of Kidney Qi forcing the rootless fire to float upwards, causing sore throat, symptoms such as diarrhea with undigested food and cold extremities will necessarily accompany it; warming the middle Jiao will stop the pain naturally. Jiangfu Tang (Ginger and Aconite Decoction) added with Flos Platycodon is the primary formula. Although both are Shaoyin sore throats, the difference between cold and heat syndromes is vast, requiring careful examination. There are also sore throats caused by Yin-toxin and Yang-toxin, treated similarly to Shaoyin syndromes. Furthermore, excessive sweating leading to loss of Yang fluids and internal damage to body fluids, resulting in sore throat, should be treated with Radix Ginseng (Renshen), [missing character], Radix Angelicae Sinensis (Danggui), and Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Baizhu) to tonify Yuan Qi, consolidate sweat, and relieve pain. Generally, Ganjie Tang is used for all sore throats; for exterior patterns, add dispersing herbs; for interior patterns, add warming or cooling agents according to cold or heat differentiation. Zhang Zhongjing's legislative principles are exquisite; students should reflect deeply upon them.
Ganjie Tang (See previous Shaoyin syndrome section).

Hematemesis in Shanghan (Cold Damage) is caused by heat forcing blood to ascend. However, there are differences between exterior and interior patterns. If sweating was indicated but neglected, causing pathogens to accumulate in the meridians and result in hematemesis, Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) should be used to disperse the pathogen. Later physicians replaced it with Jiawei Renshen Suye Yin (Modified Ginseng and Perilla Drink), a method that is very stable. If pathogens enter the interior and ferment into heat, causing hematemesis, Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) should be used to clear heat and cool blood. If constipation occurs with heat attacking upwards, Shengdi Siwu Tang (Rehmannia Four Substances Decoction) added with Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (Dahuang) should be used to purge downwards. By removing the firewood from under the cauldron, the fire subsides instantly, preventing the water in the pot from boiling violently. Common tonic medicines must be strictly avoided; indulging them allows pathogens to linger, potentially turning the condition into a fatal case. Additionally, using heat to treat heat may disturb Yin blood; detailed differentiation follows later.