气有肝肺之分，肝气宜升，肺气宜降，肝气不升则滞结于脐腹，肺气不降则痞塞于心胸，则气病矣。
然肝不自升，必赖脾以升之，肺不自降，必赖胃以降之。如中土湿盛，脾不升则肝陷，气积于脐腹左协
，宜补肝脾以升之。胃不降则肺逆，气积于胸膈右胁，宜泄肺胃以降之，此化积调气之法也。如积在
脐腹左胁者，以达郁汤主之。如滞在胸膈右胁者，以下气汤主之。
达郁汤
桂枝（三钱） 鳖甲（三钱醋炙焦研） 甘草（二钱） 茯苓（三钱） 干姜（三钱） 砂仁（一钱）
水煎大半杯，温服。
下气汤
甘草（二钱） 半夏（三钱） 五味（一钱） 茯苓（三钱） 杏仁（三钱炮去皮尖） 贝母（二
钱去心） 芍药（三钱） 橘皮（二钱） 水煎大半杯，温服。
肝主藏血，凡脏腑经络之血，皆肝家之所灌注也。但木性善达，如水寒土湿，生气不达则血瘀
矣。如木郁风动，疏泄不敛，则血脱矣，血瘀则凝滞不行，必至枯槁。其肌肤血脱，则泛滥无归，必
至流溢于上下。总由中气颓败，有以致之也。如血瘀不行者，以破瘀汤主之。如血脱于上而为衄血者，
缘火泄金刑，气伤血沸，以仙露汤主之。如血脱于上，而大吐瘀血者，缘中下湿寒，凝瘀上涌，以灵雨
汤主之。如血脱于上，而零星吐红鲜者，缘土湿胃逆，肺家不无上热，以白茅汤主之。如血脱于下，而
为便血者，缘水土寒湿，木郁风动，以黄土汤主之。如血脱于下，而为溺血者，木郁尤甚，以宁波汤
主之。如阴虚有火而吐血者，以六味地黄汤主之。如阳虚有寒而吐血者，以甘草干姜汤主之。如吐血穷
极者，以当归补血汤主之。
破瘀汤
甘草（二钱） 茯苓（三钱） 丹皮（三钱） 桂枝（三钱） 川芎（三钱） 桃仁（三钱泡去皮尖）
生姜（三钱） 当归（三钱） 水煎大半杯，温服。
仙露汤
麦冬（三钱） 五味（一钱） 贝母（三钱） 柏叶（三钱） 甘草（二钱） 芍药（三钱） 杏仁
（三
钱） 水煎大半杯，温服。如胃逆须加半夏；如因中下湿寒，当加干姜、茯苓；如大衄之后，气泄阳亡，厥逆
寒冷，宜加参 姜附以续微阳；清润之药，切不可用。
灵雨汤
甘草（二钱） 茯苓（三钱） 半夏（三钱） 干姜（三钱炮） 柏叶（三钱） 丹皮（三钱） 贝
母
（三钱） 水煎大半杯，温服。如气虚加人参。下寒甚者蜀椒、附子，亦当大用。其零星咯吐，红鲜不凝，虽有
上热，亦非实火，稍加麦冬，略清肺热，不可过用苦寒也。
又方治吐血有寒者
茯苓（三钱） 甘草（二钱） 半夏（三钱） 干姜（二钱炮） 丹皮（三钱）
牡蛎（二钱） 桂枝（三钱） 白芍（三钱） 水煎服。
白茅汤
杏仁（三钱） 甘草（二钱） 茯苓（三钱） 半夏（三钱） 贝母（二钱） 茅根（三钱） 芍药
（三钱） 丹皮（二钱） 水煎大半杯，温服。如相火极旺，宜加黄芩而倍芍药。若上热不敌下寒之
剧，当大温水土。清润诸法，切不可用也。
黄土汤
甘草（二钱） 白术（二钱） 干姜（二钱） 阿胶（三钱） 地黄（三钱） 黄芩（二钱） 灶中
黄土
（三钱） 水煎大半杯，温服。
宁破汤
甘草（二钱） 芍药（三钱） 阿胶（三钱） 茯苓（三钱） 泽泻（三钱） 栀子（二钱） 发灰
（三
钱猪脂煎研） 水煎大半杯，温服。若瘀血紫黑，累块坚阻，加丹皮、桂枝之类行之。用导赤散尤效。
六味地黄汤
熟地（三钱） 山药（三钱） 山茱萸（三钱） 茯苓（三钱） 泽泻（三钱） 丹皮（三钱）
加柏叶（三钱），水煎大半杯，温服。
甘草干姜汤
干姜（二钱炮黑） 甘草（四钱生） 水煎大半杯，温服。
当归补血汤
（方见头痛）
Qi in the human body is distinguished into Liver Qi and Lung Qi. Liver Qi should ascend, while Lung Qi should descend. If Liver Qi fails to ascend, it stagnates and knots in the umbilical and abdominal regions; if Lung Qi fails to descend, it becomes obstructed in the heart and chest regions, resulting in Qi disorders.
However, the Liver cannot ascend on its own but relies on the Spleen to lift it; the Lung cannot descend on its own but relies on the Stomach to lower it. If dampness prevails in the Middle Jiao (central digestive system), the Spleen's failure to ascend causes Liver Qi to sink, leading to Qi accumulation in the left hypochondriac region of the umbilicus and abdomen; this is treated by tonifying the Liver and Spleen to raise the Qi. If the Stomach fails to descend, Lung Qi rebels upward, causing Qi accumulation in the right hypochondriac region of the chest and diaphragm; this is treated by draining the Lung and Stomach to direct the Qi downward. This constitutes the method of resolving accumulations and regulating Qi. For accumulations in the umbilical, abdominal, and left hypochondriac regions, Da Yu Tang (Reach Depression Decoction) is the primary formula. For stagnation in the chest, diaphragm, and right hypochondriac regions, Xia Qi Tang (Descend Qi Decoction) is the primary formula.
Da Yu Tang (Reach Depression Decoction)
Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, 3 qian) Biejia (Turtle Shell, 3 qian, stir-fried with vinegar until scorched and ground) Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 qian) Fuling (Poria, 3 qian) Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 3 qian) Sharen (Amomum Fruit, 1 qian)
Decoct in water to obtain half a cup, take warm.
Xia Qi Tang (Descend Qi Decoction)
Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 qian) Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, 3 qian) Wuwei Zi (Schisandra Berry, 1 qian) Fuling (Poria, 3 qian) Xingren (Apricot Seed, 3 qian, processed, skin and tips removed) Beimu (Fritillaria Bulb, 2 qian, core removed) Shaoyao (Peony Root, 3 qian) Chuanpi (Tangerine Peel, 2 qian)
Decoct in water to obtain half a cup, take warm.
The Liver stores Blood; all blood within the Zang-Fu organs and meridians is infused and regulated by the Liver. However, the nature of Wood (Liver) is to spread and diffuse. If conditions resemble cold water and damp earth, where the vitalizing Qi cannot diffuse freely, Blood stasis occurs. If Wood Qi is depressed and Wind moves, causing excessive diffusion without convergence, Blood loss (depletion) occurs. Blood stasis leads to coagulation and immobility, inevitably resulting in emaciation. In cases of Blood depletion at the muscle and skin level, the blood floods without return, inevitably overflowing upwards and downwards. This is fundamentally caused by the collapse of Middle Qi. For Blood stasis with immobility, Po Yu Tang (Break Up Stasis Decoction) is the primary formula. For Blood depletion manifesting as epistaxis (nosebleed) due to upper pathologies, caused by Fire rebellion suppressing Metal (Lung) and Qi injury boiling the Blood, Xian Lu Tang (Immortal Dew Decoction) is the primary formula. For Blood depletion at the upper level accompanied by massive vomiting of clotted blood, caused by damp-cold in the Middle and Lower Jiao forcing stagnant Blood upward, Ling Yu Tang (Spirit Rain Decoction) is the primary formula. For Blood depletion at the upper level with sporadic expectoration of bright red blood, caused by Earth dampness and Stomach Qi rebellion with Upper Heat in the Lung, Bai Mao Tang (White Reed Rhizome Decoction) is the primary formula. For Blood depletion at the lower level manifesting as hematochezia (blood in stool), caused by cold-dampness in Water and Earth and severe Wood depression with Wind movement, Huang Tu Tang (Yellow Earth Decoction) is the primary formula. For Blood depletion at the lower level manifesting as hematuria (blood in urine), where Wood depression is even more severe, Ning Bo Tang (Ningbo Decoction) is the primary formula. For hematemesis (vomiting blood) due to Yin deficiency with Fire, Liu Wei Di Huang Tang (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) is the primary formula. For hematemesis due to Yang deficiency with Cold, Gancao Ganjiang Tang (Licorice and Dried Ginger Decoction) is the primary formula. For extreme cases of hematemesis, Dang Gui Bu Xue Tang (Angelica Tonify Blood Decoction) is the primary formula.
Po Yu Tang (Break Up Stasis Decoction)
Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 qian) Fuling (Poria, 3 qian) Danpi (Moutan Bark, 3 qian) Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, 3 qian) Chuanxiong (Sichuan Lovage Rhizome, 3 qian) Taoren (Peach Kernel, 3 qian, soaked, skin and tips removed) Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 3 qian) Danggui (Angelica Sinensis, 3 qian)
Decoct in water to obtain half a cup, take warm.
Xian Lu Tang (Immortal Dew Decoction)
Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber, 3 qian) Wuwei Zi (Schisandra Berry, 1 qian) Beimu (Fritillaria Bulb, 3 qian) Baye (Biota Leaf, 3 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 qian) Shaoyao (Peony Root, 3 qian) Xingren (Apricot Seed, 3 qian)
Decoct in water to obtain half a cup, take warm. If Stomach Qi rebels, add Banxia (Pinellia Tuber); if due to Middle/Lower Jiao damp-cold, add Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) and Fuling (Poria); after severe epistaxis, if Qi leaks and Yang perishes with cold limbs, add Renshen (Ginseng), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), and Fuzi (Aconite Root) to sustain faint Yang; cooling and moistening herbs must strictly be avoided.
Ling Yu Tang (Spirit Rain Decoction)
Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 qian) Fuling (Poria, 3 qian) Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, 3 qian) Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 3 qian, processed) Baye (Biota Leaf, 3 qian) Danpi (Moutan Bark, 3 qian) Beimu (Fritillaria Bulb, 3 qian)
Decoct in water to obtain half a cup, take warm. Add Renshen (Ginseng) for Qi deficiency. If Lower Cold is severe, Shujiao (Sichuan Pepper) and Fuzi (Aconite Root) should be used in large doses. For sporadic expectoration of bright red, non-clotted blood, although there appears to be Upper Heat, it is not Excess Fire; adding Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber) slightly to clear Lung Heat is sufficient, avoiding excessive use of bitter-cold herbs.
Another Formula for Treating Hematemesis Due to Cold
Fuling (Poria, 3 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 qian) Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, 3 qian) Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 2 qian, processed) Danpi (Moutan Bark, 3 qian)
Muli (Oyster Shell, 2 qian) Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, 3 qian) Baishao (White Peony Root, 3 qian)
Decoct in water and take.
Bai Mao Tang (White Reed Rhizome Decoction)
Xingren (Apricot Seed, 3 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 qian) Fuling (Poria, 3 qian) Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, 3 qian) Beimu (Fritillaria Bulb, 2 qian) Maogen (Imperata Rhizome, 3 qian) Shaoyao (Peony Root, 3 qian) Danpi (Moutan Bark, 2 qian)
Decoct in water to obtain half a cup, take warm. If Ministerial Fire is extremely vigorous, add Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) and double the Shaoyao (Peony Root). If Upper Heat cannot counteract the severity of Lower Cold, strongly warm Water and Earth. All cooling and moistening methods must strictly be avoided.
Huang Tu Tang (Yellow Earth Decoction)
Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 qian) Baizhu (Atractylodes Rhizome, 2 qian) Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 2 qian) Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin, 3 qian) Dihuang (Rehmannia Root, 3 qian) Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, 2 qian) Zaozhong Huangtu (Caulined Soil, 3 qian)
Decoct in water to obtain half a cup, take warm.
Ning Po Tang (Ningpo Break Decoction - Note: Text refers to Ning Bo Tang contextually)
Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 qian) Shaoyao (Peony Root, 3 qian) Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin, 3 qian) Fuling (Poria, 3 qian) Zexie (Alisma Rhizome, 3 qian) Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit, 2 qian) Fa Hui (Hair Ash, 3 qian, fried in pig lard and ground)
Decoct in water to obtain half a cup, take warm. If blood stasis is purple-black and forms hard masses, add Danpi (Moutan Bark) and Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) to promote circulation. Using Dao Chi San (Direct to Heart Powder) is particularly effective.
Liu Wei Di Huang Tang (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill)
Shudi (Prepared Rehmannia Root, 3 qian) Shanyao (Chinese Yam, 3 qian) Shanzhuyu (Cornus Fruit, 3 qian) Fuling (Poria, 3 qian) Zexie (Alisma Rhizome, 3 qian) Danpi (Moutan Bark, 3 qian)
Add Baye (Biota Leaf, 3 qian), decoct in water to obtain half a cup, take warm.
Gancao Ganjiang Tang (Licorice and Dried Ginger Decoction)
Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 2 qian, processed to black) Gancao (Licorice Root, 4 qian, raw)
Decoct in water to obtain half a cup, take warm.
Dang Gui Bu Xue Tang (Angelica Tonify Blood Decoction)
(See Headache section for formula details)